...Mid semester Exam notes Topic 1 Function of accounting Decision Making * Investment – buy/sell shares, buy new shares offered by company * Lending – lend money to company in the form of bonds, loan conditions such as interest rates, security, other conditions Contracting – legally binding obligation that gives party the right to demand the performance of whatever promised * management (agency problem) – information asymmetry, act in self interest * debt Stewardship – compliance with delegated authority Agency Cost of equity Perquisite consumption – Manager give themselves more luxury than would seem reasonably from the principals point of view. E.g. corporate jets and huge officers with expensive art Risk aversion – managers and shareholders may prefer different levels of risk when it comes to project selection. Shareholders would generally prefer more risky investment because they are well diversified and know that any loss will be offset by another investment. Managers however are generally not as diverse, if the firm suffers a substantial loss, their salaries may be at risk, or it would be extremely difficult to find another job. Hence managers are usually more reluctant to take risk than the shareholders. Agency cost of debt Claim dilution – The value of existing debtholders’ claims can be diluted by the issue of additional debt of the same or higher priority. Asset substitution – If a firm sells debt for the stated purpose of investing in a low...
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...2. BCG Matrix and Marketing Plan * Boston Consulting Group approach: a company classifies all its SBU’s according to the growth-share matrix * Growth share matrix: a portfolio planning method that evaluates a companies strategic business units (SBU’s) in terms of its market growth rate and relative market share * Market growth rate: provides a measure of market attractiveness * Relative market share: serves as a measure of company strength in the market * Four types of SBU’s: * Stars high growth, high share businesses or products * Cash cows low growth, high share businesses or products * Question marks low share business units in high growth markets * Dogs low growth, low share businesses and products * PROBLEMS: can be difficult, time consuming and costly to implement * Management may find it difficult to define SBU’s and measure market share and growth * Focus on classifying current businesses but provide little advice for future planning * Marketing plan: deciding on marketing strategies that will help the company attain its overall strategic objectives * Marketing strategy: consists of specific strategies for target markets, positioning, the marketing mix and marketing expenditure levels – how a company intends to create value for target customer to capture value in return * Detailed marketing plan is needed for each business, product or brand * Plan begins with executive summary...
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...Total productivity = output/input (50,000 x 3.5) / ((620 x 7.5) + 30,000 + 15,350) = 3.50 Labor Productivity - units/hour | Model | Output in Units | Input in Labor Hours | Productivity (Output/Input) | Deluxe Car | 4,000 | 20,000 | 0.20 | Limited Car | 6,000 | 30,000 | 0.20 | | Labor Productivity - dollars | Model | Output in Dollars | Input in Dollars | Productivity (Output/Input) | Deluxe Car | 4,000($8,000)=$32,000,000 | 20,000($12.00)=$240,000 | 133.33 | Limited Car | 6,000($9,500)=$57,000,000 | 30,000($14.00)=$420,000 | 135.71 | | (b): The labor productivity measure is a conventional measure of productivity. However, as a partial measure, it may not provide all of the necessary information that is needed. For example, increases in productivity could result from decreases in quality, and/or increases in material cost. | Multifactor productivity = Output / Labor + Capital Percentage change in productivity: Month Output in Dollars Input in Hours Productivity (Output/Input) Percentage Change April $ 45,000 1,560 28.85 May $ 56,000 1,820 30.77 (30.77 − 28.85)/28.85 = 6.67% Forcasting: ------------------------------------------------- Top of Form Weighted moving avergae FJuly = .60(15) + .30(16) + .10(12) = 15.0 | Three month average FJuly = (15 + 16 + 12) / 3 = 14.3 | Single exponential...
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...Review Quiz (Preamble, Art 1-Sec. 1,2,3) The preamble lists the MAIN GOALS, there is NO POWER GIVEN, it is made by the people. Article 1 is special because it lists how things work and tells the duties of the legislature and senate branches. It is also the peoples branch. The major job of congress is to MAKE LAWS. There are 435 members in the House of Representatives. There are 100 Senators. Qualifications for being in the House of Representatives- 25 Years old, 7 Years a Citizen, Being a citizen, Reside in the state Qualifications for being in the Senate- 30 Years old, 9 Years a Citizen, Being a citizen, Reside in the state Impeachment is to be ACCUSED of something The house BRING THE ACCUSATION and the senate HOLDS THE TRIAL The Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise) made a Bicameral legislature. NJ (small) VS. VA (big) During each election year 1/3 or 33-34 Senators are up for re-election -> KEPT experienced people in there at all times The WHOLE HOUSE gets re-elected every 2 years -> COMPLETELY NEW PEOPLE Two punishments the U.S. Senate gives to an impeaches and convicted official-> Kicked out of office, Never be in a U.S. Office again Posterity is the FUTURE GENERATIONS of people What did the 17th amendment have on Article 1, Section 3, Clause 1 -> Makes the people vote for a senator INSTEAD of state legislature During impeachment trial it takes 2/3 of all senators that are PRESENT at the trial to convict an official Review Quiz (Sec. 4,5,6)...
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...remember when the email was sent or who sent it. Since reading this chapter, I have started to save specific email information as word documents grouped under different folders. This has proven to be effective for linking related topics in the respective folders which makes locating the information quicker. In my academic life, I will first note the topic to be studied and pay greater attention to the learning objectives. This would then make it easier to skim through the chapter and specifically note the more important material and review that first as well as to research any related topics by using other resources. The chapter also noted the importance of paying attention to any information in bold type and any illustrations. This strategy would greatly increase my knowledge of the topic and improve note-taking. It would also assist in remembering the useful information. Therefore, this would be effective for review and preparation for exams as well as being in an overall position to utilize and apply the new information whenever possible. 2. The ‘Write it down’ strategy The chapter noted that writing a note helps you to...
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...[pic] Term-end Exam Details – GMBA DXB DEC 2008 Important Notice: If your invigilator feels that you are talking to any one or him feels that you are copying from other students or any other mode you will be awarded zero for your final examination without any discussions. No warning will be given to you and the invigilator will make a note of your name and update the Program Manager. You are not allowed to leave the examination hall till you finish your examination. You are required to switch off your mobiles always. |Course |Date |Time |Duration |Type of Exam |Comments | |Principles of Management |Wednesday |10.30 am - 12.30 pm |2 hours |Closed Book/Closed notes |Multiple choice ( 50 min) | | |4th Feb, | | |Laptops not allowed |Descriptive(1 hr 10 min) | | |2009 | | |Internet not allowed |Write with pen no scribbling | | | | | | ...
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...NT1210 Introduction to Networking Final Exam Notes Bonus questions from lab work: Chapter 1 12-13 15 Chapter 2 48 Chapter 3 62 Chapter 4 86 Chapter 6 132 Chapter 8 148 Chapter 9 165 Chapter 10 177 Textbook questions: Page Note 4 Byte – 8 bits 84 Essentially, link refers to any cable between two devices, and node refers to any device. 77 HTTP, the Hypertext Transfer Protocol, defines the rules by which a web browser can ask for a web page from a web server, and the rules a web server uses to send the web page back to the web browser. 107 Every standard has two important features on which this book will focus. First, a standard documents ideas. Those ideas are the ideas that matter to anyone creating products to put in a network, or ideas that matter to people building a network. 107 Beyond the ideas in a standard, people must agree to a particular version of document. 110 The TCP/IP model organizes its standards into layers. The layers make TCP/IP easier for humans to understand what TCP/IP does. It also makes it easier to divide the work among different products. * - write protocols, - create standards, - how networks work* 162 Simple Direct Current Circuit Using a Battery Current 169 Encoding scheme – In networking, the encoding scheme defines the electrical equivalent: the electricity that means a 1 or a 0. *Interpreted between nodes.* 171 With full duplex, both endpoints can send at the same time, enabled...
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...Descartes Exam Questions & Notes (PHIL 1F90) Give a detailed account of Descartes’ systematic doubt or methodic doubt in Meditation I making certain to distinguish between real doubts and hypothetical or metaphysical doubts. Then explain how Descartes dispels each of these doubts during the course of the subsequent Meditations beginning with the cogito in Meditation 2. A methodic or systematic doubt refers to the common sense or naïve realism. So common sense or naïve realism is the belief that all knowledge comes from or through the senses. Naïve realism are things that are exactly as they appear to be and they appear to be exactly the way they are; a teacup for example. It’s possible to doubt naïve realism in that senses are not always truthful. The difference between real and hypothetical or metaphysical doubt is that Real Doubt are doubts we actually have such as those that really do happen; for example, things that happen sometimes, occasionally, or once in a while. Metaphysical Doubt on the other hand are doubts that could happen. It’s like a logical extension of real doubt, logical possibilities for example “let us assume, what if, I will therefore suppose that.” Sometimes is also considered a real doubt for example “Sometimes my senses do deceive me.” It’s important to note that external conditions are not ideal. Descartes discusses the lunatic hypothesis and the dream hypothesis. He says that in a lunatic hypothesis internal conditions are not ideal since a lunatic...
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...Those notes can only be sequenced so many times before they are repeated by a new musician and called “original”. Intellectual property has been protected in the courts systems, but has favored personal interest over creativity and borrowing. In the case of Weber vs. Repp for example, Repp was claiming to be the owner of the copied Catholic folk music stolen to create music by Weber. With help from a lawyer, it is proven that Weber wrote a song previous to the music and songs by Repp. It was demonstrated that Weber wrote a song, Repp wrote another song sounding similar, and then Weber wrote the song in question. This showing that Weber borrowed from himself and Repp borrowed from him. The musical notes played in the same sequence were copied by both composers and therefore the courts dismissed the case, musical notes are not owned by any one composer. It does not matter what you copy but how much you choose to take. The idea behind Gladwell’s argument is that borrowing some to be creative is and needs to be acceptable in the eyes of “plagiarism...
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...University 01/2010 – Present Director Assistant, Canadian Chamber of Commerce in Shanghai 06/2009 – 08/2009 • Designed 2010 Expo Guide for Canadians in Shanghai. • Coordinated events on Canada’s Day and assisted Administrative Director with related projects • Located and entered data into several databases; made phone calls, and ensured timely mail processing. • Assisted administrative team members with clerical function. Dining Service Associate, University of Minnesota – Twin Cities 09/2009 – 12/2009 • Maintained inventory of standard dining service supplies and assists manager coordinate attendants. Member, Actuarial Club in University of Minnesota – Twin Cities 01/2009 – 12/2009 • Arranged the preparation of Casualty Actuarial Society (CAS) exam Volunteer, Students Today Leaders Forever 03/2009 – 12/2009 • Assisted the donation of food to Minnesotans at risk of hunger. Volunteer, in school for the Mute and the Deaf in Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province 2006 – 2009 • Taught disabled students Mandarin. Policy-analyst, Model United Nation in Shanghai K.J. Senior High School 2006 – 2008 • Analyzed UN policies for Model UN conferences HONORS/ AWARDS Honor Program, Awarded by Associate Dean of University of Minnesota – Twin Cities Global Excellent Scholarship, Awarded by University of Minnesota – Twin Cities Dean's List, Awarded by University of Minnesota – Twin Cities st th 1 prize, World 20 Odyssey of Mind Competition in China Area 09/2008 – 12/2009 09/2008 – 12/2009 Fall 2008, Fall 2009...
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...BLAW 2210 Term Paper Career Preparation My top two career choices are corporate financial analysis in investment banking and actuary. I will be discussing the legal environment of my career choices, taxing authorities, entity structure, graduate school in order to obtain certain license, self-assessment of my chosen careers. First, I will discuss how I can work as a corporate financial analysis in investment banking. After that, I will talk about what I need prepare to be an actuary. 1.corporate financial planning and analysis The responsibility of a corporate financial planing and analysis is to support management planning and decision making by identifying, maintaining, and evaluating information,as well as recommending actions. * Legal environment * Entity structure Investment banking is concerned with the primary function of assisting the capital market in its function of capital market intermediation, i.e. the movement of financial resources from those who have them means investors, to those who need to make use of them means issuer for generating profit. Therefore, it can be inferred that investment banks are those institutions that are the counterparts of banks in the capital market in the function of intermediation in resources allocation. Investment banks carried on carious activities it helps companies and governments and their agencies to raise money by issuing and selling securities in the primary market. They assist public and private corporations...
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...to harmonize, considering it was our first year learning an instrument. There was no reading or writing when it came to playing the instruments, but with music, a story can be made. For example, half the class would play our recorders in sync with one another, and other students in the class would play percussion. With the rhythm of the music combined, the feel and sound of the music gives the audience a feel of a different environment, such as feeling as though you are taking a journey through an Indian village, or celebrating the first fourth of July in America. As I progressed through the year, music classes turned into singing as well. In order to know the words that we were singing, we had paperback music, which had music lines, notes, and words for us to...
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...through the paper. Halfway through the paper, I saw my friend John suspiciously looking at the class. My instincts told me that something was wrong. As a result, I began to keep an eye on John. Suddenly, I saw John taking notes out from his pencil case! My mouth hung wide open and I gasped in shock. How could John do that! I thought should I report him? The devil in my mind said that I should not care about this thing after all, he is still my best friend while the angel said that I should be honest and report him. After thinking for a while, I decided to report him. I raised my hand and told the teacher “ Mr Tan, John is cheating by using notes from his pencil case.” The teacher nodded his head and walked towards John’s table. Mr Tan said “John! Why are you cheating?” John shook his head to deny that he did not cheat. Mr Tan confiscated his pencil case and dumped the contents out. Out came pencils, erasers and pens. But there was no notes inside! John let out a smirk from his mouth. I was shocked! I thought that there was a note? Just when I thought all hope was lost, Mr Tan found another zip at the pencil case and he opened it. Suddenly, John’s smirk began to vanish. Waves of panic overwhelmed him. The hidden note was found there! Mr Tan looked at John sternly. He brought John to the principal’s office to explain what had happened. On the next day, the fiery-tempered Discipline Master caned John during assembly period. After this incident...
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...Improving Your Note Taking ▪ Effective note taking is one of the keys to succeeding in school. Students should devote a considerable amount of time reviewing information discussed during classroom lectures. It is very difficult remembering specific details from classroom lectures without good notes. These note taking strategies will help you to take better notes: ▪ Make clear and accurate notes Make sure to take legible and accurate notes since it is not uncommon to forget key details discussed in class after it has ended. Frequently, students comprehend the teacher's lecture, so they'll neglect to jot down specific details only to forget them later. Students who keep accurate notes can review them later to fully grasp key concepts during personal study time. Additionally, since during classroom lectures teachers frequently cover many topics, effective notes enable students to concentrate on specific topics. ▪ Come to class prepared Students properly prepared for class usually take better notes. Proper preparation includes completing assigned reading prior to class and reviewing notes from previous lectures. Students who do this can ask questions about confusing concepts and be prepared for new topics. ▪ Compare your notes To ensure your notes are as accurate and detailed as possible, compare them with the notes of other students after class is over. This is useful because your colleagues will frequently write down lecture details that you...
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...Side Notes: • I came up with a killer Mozart-style arrangement involving several songs by modern artists. But I ran into a roadblock with getting permissions. So I decided to do variations on a theme by making my arrangement an original tune. Helpful Hints: • Learn the hardest parts first with the correct fingering. Instead of using a slower tempo to practice longer sections, try using the actual tempo to practice overlapping shorts sections (as small as 2 notes...hands alone if needed). • For those who have heard the recording or seen the video on • When I practice, it helps me to realize that it takes up to 300 YouTube, Steven Sharp Nelson laid down over 100 tracks, including (perfect) reps before muscle memory kicks-in. cello textures never before known possible. Every single sound on the video was made using only the instruments shown: piano, cello, • I like to imagine totally soft and relaxed hand muscles as I play... think "soft hand" when approaching hard sections. mouth percussion and kick drum. Of course we put in additional cool effects. For example the U2-style delay on Steve's pizz at the • For a two-minute-edit version, start at measure 109 beginning. (two-minute-edit minus track available at jonschmidt.com). • A recording of the orchestration only (minus piano) is available at jonschmidt.com. This is very fun for live performances with a monitor speaker next to you on stage so you can hear the parts well. Michael meets Mozart = 91 chills up copyright...
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