...thoughts on gender diversity are affected by today’s culture. It can come from our families, friends, magazines, television and even music. The media today plays an even larger part in our gender make up than it did as little as a decade ago. With the creation of facebook, youtube and instagram, we are seeing a greater influence than ever. For the sake of this paper I would like to focus on how music and television affect gender diversity. When a new song is released, depending on public opinion, the record could sell thousands of copies and as a result be played on the radio several times a day reaching hundreds of thousands of listeners. Unless parents have the ability to strictly monitor all of their children’s music choices and I don’t know many who do, the young people today are hearing all sorts of gender messages through music that may be subconsciously shaping who they are. Even though there are many different genres of music I am going to focus on the rap culture and the messages they emit. Many of the rap songs portray women as weak and submissive. Several of the songs include violence against women whether it is sexual, mental or domestic which displays an overall lack of respect for females. While at the same time the man is portrayed as strong, wealthy and powerful and overall domineering of the woman. Rarely in rap music, is there a song that paints a picture of the woman having power over the man. The first song that came to mind when given this assignment...
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...To what extent has popular music culture challenged dominant gender norms? Critically analyse with reference to relevant literature and examples Traditional dominant gender norms state that women are feminine in appearance, including everything from their hair down to their shoes and of course their demeanour, voice and behaviour. The traditional man would be that who is strong and rugged with a deep voice and who is overtly masculine without a hint of make up or traditionally feminine clothing. It has been decades since these norms have begun to alter and be challenged as both sexes began experimenting with gender and identity through the medium of music. By looking at different music genres throughout the ages I will attempt to show how popular music has broken down social barriers and in my opinion has succeeded in challenging gender norms to a point where the perceptions of what is socially acceptable have been altered. Before delving into the world of rock and roll it is noteworthy that the music industry was like any other business, a typically male environment in which women were not expected to survive. The music industry and specifically the Rock genre were sexually focused from the very early stages, as far back as the 40’s and 50’s. Rock music posed a question of morality and was perceived as shocking and dangerous because of its explicit sexual overtones. An example of these first steps in the scene would be Elvis whose gold, tight outfits and pelvic thrusts...
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...criteria. Music Videos such as Stupid Girls and If I Were A Boy by singers Pink and Beyonce respectively demonstrate clearly the assumptions or categorizations we evoke simply by using the terms girl or boy. Although the topic of gender in sociology is vast, this paper focuses on how gender is reproduced and how the gendered body is displayed in society. There are three ways in which gender is reproduced in society. It is reproduced through the family, education and the media. From birth begins gendered expectations. According to the social norm, the color pink is mainly associated as a feminine color and the color blue masculine. Family and friends who go to see the birth of a baby girl fill the hospital room with pink balloons, teddy bears with pink ribbons and if a boy was born the room would be filled with presents which are blue in color. Growing up, girls receive presents such dollhouses and kitchen sets which reinforce their femininity. Parents raise their boys and girls differently. Even though research shows that boys at an early age (around 2 years) are just as interested in playing with the same toys girls play with, parents negatively reinforce the more feminine toys. Even the household tasks that boys and girls are given are gendered. Boys generally take out the garbage and girls do the dishes, set the table. Gender is also reproduced by education. Schools, rather than being a place where males and females are considered equal, are a gendered space. For example, boys...
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...glides through your wavy hair. Gorgeous, shiny shells are washed along the shoreline by the rippling of the water. This moment is absolutely breathtaking, and you cannot help to feel amazing in your white, strappy bikini. But suddenly, you are woken up from this magnificent dream and violently brought back to reality. You can no longer sit and enjoy this heavenly view, especially in that white bikini. The time has come…to change your tampon. Tampon commercials have become dull and misleading. The concept of that “time of the month” is now construed to be a glorious time, filled with love and beauty. Dancing, exercising, or running along the beach wearing white is just some of the many aspects of the hundreds of unrealistic commercials for feminine products. Fortunately, there is a new, daring brand that emphasizes the key trait of being honest and realistic. The Kotex brand brings a fresh life to tampon advertisements, giving the viewers a sarcastic spin on the authenticity of a woman’s menstrual cycle. The “U” by Kotex commercial is aimed towards younger women in their college years. A large amount of college women are looking for the truth; many are sick and drained by the impractical television commercials. There is without a doubt not one college girl that embodies complete perfection. So why...
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...The counter cultural movement began in 1960s in the wake of Vietnam war. The young people were frustrated due to racism, gender issues, consumerism, and the conservative nature of society in general. They were looking for a change and found it in the emerging counter cultural movements of 1960s. The youngsters began to question the traditional values and culture of the Orthodox American society. They welcomed sex, drugs and pop music. The counter culture movement reached its heights in 1969, when the young people attended the Woodstock Music and Art Festival at Newyork. The festival became a symbol of anti-war movement. The festival was a mixture of hippie, pop and drug culture. One of the notable feature of the counter culture movement was the sexual freedom and rise of feminism. There was a steep rise in abortions, orphans and divorce. Political activism on the part of women resulted in the formation of National organization for Women (NOW). Other than women, homosexuals were also raised their voice for equality which was later included the Civil Rights issue. Stone Wall Inn riots in 1969 and the establishment of Gay Liberation Front were important steps in their struggle for civil rights. The counter cultural sentiments were also expressed in movies and arts. The movement did not limit in North America alone, but spread to Western Europe, Australia and New Zealand. An international rock and roll group from Britain known as the Beatles was widely popular. The counter culture...
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... 1 Describe the three basic types of music heard in the original scores during the silent film era and cite specific examples from The Birth of a Nation. * There are three basic types of music that can be heard in the original scores during the silent film era. These 3 type are known as adaptations, arrangements, and newly composed music or originals. Adaptations of Classical Works usually involve large action and dramatic scenes. They typically involve the borrowing of part or all of a song for the use in a film score. For example, in The Birth of a Nation, adaptations were used when an arrangement by Mozart was used for the Lincoln assassination as well as the end of the movie. Since this composition is one of seriousness and intensity, it was used to give the scenes a sense of tension and violence. Arrangements can be defined as remakes of previously composed work. In these works, a composer will borrow only the melody of a classic song and recreate it to make an entirely new sound. In The Birth of a Nation, many well-known melodies are used to emotionally connect to the audience. Tunes such as “Maryland, My Maryland” and “Dixie” are put into the film to create a lighter less dramatic feeling. New and original compositions, are defined as just that. A song with melody in which the composer writes without the help of other tunes. These are typically written specifically for the film itself. Griffith uses this type of music to create a recreate themes that run throughout...
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...“So what was one to make of this new sound, this rap music, straight from the streets of New York and New Jersey, in which “masculine” bodies and voices spit boasts and stories over disco music? It certainly wasn’t coded as “gay,” even though the music behind the voices was a snippet of the musical soundtrack that had been relegated across the sexual line to the “gay crowd.” 3. “Disco, too, was aspirational music: it trafficked in glamour; it sold a vision of access, of high living, of escape from the mundane. It was, in many ways regardless of its European club linage a singular soundtrack of American dreaming. And who dreamed harder made their dreams (and nightmares) the stuff of publicly rendered fantasy better than rappers? 3 non-evaluative 1. This article is basically about sampling and how stereotypes view what’s masculine and feminist. Majority of hip hop songs in the 80s and 90s and early 2000s are sampled from R&B music. Even though stereotypes view R&B as feminine, rappers today have hits that will make them so much money and also they are viewed as thugs/gangsters that is a masculine trait. From a basketball perspective Kareem Abdul Jabbar mastered the hook shot. The Game today has changed tremendously as far as atheism. So you would think the hook shot is not effective in today’s game right? Wrong! Lebron James uses the hook shot and of course he’s a gifted explosive athlete. 2. Another example would be a professional athletes kids pursing what...
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...Contents Introduction 2 Pre-wedding ceremonies 3 Wedding ceremony 6 Post wedding ceremonies 7 Time orientation 8 Low uncertainty avoidance and high uncertainty avoidance. 8 High and low context culture 9 Masculine or Feminine culture 10 Indian Wedding Introduction In our culture, marriage symbolizes not just the sacred union of two individuals, but of the coming together of two families and extended families as well. Their level of involvement is so profound that typically the family decides the bride or groom. In fact, even till a few decades ago the bride and the groom saw each other for the first time only on their wedding day. This trend has changed in urban areas, and in the present day, youngsters have a better say in choosing their life partner. Families search for eligible partners for their children through word of mouth or marriage priests primarily. However with the internet revolution in online matrimonial sites are also becoming quite a hit. Arranged marriages are strictly intra-religion and intra-caste. Compatibility of the couple is assessed on the basis of horoscopes, and if good, then an alliance is sought for. In urban areas, the couple goes a step further to interact and see if their interests and natures match. If the alliance is agreeable to both parties, they proceed to plan for the engagement ceremony and the wedding. Though arranged marriages are still the norm, love marriages are becoming a common occurrence these days, predominantly...
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...Her makeup and dress are constantly feminine and upper-class, presenting her as a fragile character through her quiet disposition and the tragic circumstances she finds herself. Yet, like Roxie, her character lacks depth even with the reveal of the horrific events of her abuse in her past. This coupled with the ease she submits herself to J.J. in order to distract him, makes it abundantly clear that not only is the film intended for a male audience but her character is used mostly for her appearance. Her murder at the finale of the film shows how disposable her character actually is, because although the reveal of her death is shocking (which is heightened by the smoky and dark mise-en-scène within the scene), to the viewer, there is no real sympathy for her despite the misfortune of her circumstances and the goodness of her intentions. Rather, the audience remains sympathetic for J.J. despite his volatile character. It appears that Evelyn could have been killed multiple times throughout the film yet the sympathy would always steer towards J.J. simply because Evelyn remained only for visual fascination; the pretty distraction for men, hence why her allure is so powerful: she is crafted only for people to appreciate her for her beauty rather than character. Chinatown remains a classic suspense thriller which has no lack of depth or skill within its storytelling, however, such as with Chicago (though in this case far more obvious), the feminine fascination remains so potent only...
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...the media as a whole project demeaning sex roles for women through the process of stereotyping, in which traditionally feminine characteristics are exaggerated and categorized in order to simplify the interpretation of female characters. These stereotypes fall into three broad categories, those of the Good Housewife, the Scarlet Woman, and the Career Woman, none of which represent a fully mature, fully human form of personality development. In describing these basic categories of women found in the media, researchers have found them to be based on a classic opposition of types. For example, the housewife is characterized as being conservative, loyal, and cooperative, if somewhat out of place in the real world: In addition to the traditionally found housewife stereotype, there exists a strong and quite distinctive stereotype of woman as bunny. Bunny is described as glamorous, good-looking, pleasure-loving, romantic, excitable, passionate, frivolous and sensual... a third stereotype is reserved for women who choose activities which carry them beyond the traditional roles which serve men. These women lose their femininity... (Clifton, McGrath, Wick, l976: 144) In this study, we will compare the treatment of these demeaning stereotypes in several of the media that are not usually considered in sex role studies: contemporary works of art, contemporary popular music, and situation-based television commercials. We will show that each of these media project a false and demeaning image...
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...Glossary of musical terminology From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search This is a list of musical terms that are likely to be encountered in printed scores, music reviews, and program notes. Most of the terms are Italian (see also Italian musical terms used in English), in accordance with the Italian origins of many European musical conventions. Sometimes, the special musical meanings of these phrases differ from the original or current Italian meanings. Most of the other terms are taken from French and German, indicated by "(Fr)" and "(Ger)", respectively. Others are from languages such as Portuguese, Latin, and Spanish. Unless specified, the terms are Italian or English. The list can never be complete: some terms are common, and others are used only occasionally, and new ones are coined from time to time. Some composers prefer terms from their own language rather than the standard terms here. Contents A· B· C· D· E· F· G· H· I· J· K· L· M· N· O· P· Q· R· S· T· U· V· W· Z See also· References· External links See also: Glossary of jazz and popular music A[edit] a, à (Fr): at, to, by, for, in, in the style of... a 2: see a due in this list a battuta: return to normal tempo after a deviation. Not recommended in string parts, due to possible confusion with battuto (qv.); use a tempo, which means the same thing. ab (Ger): Off, organ stops...
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...The Evolution of Music: Offensive to Women, yet Acclaimed in Society Victor Hugo, a well known French Romantic writer, once stated “Music expresses that which cannot be said and on which it is impossible to be silent.” Though this statement was made in the 19th century, it continues to stand true to this day. Through decades of evolution, music has constantly been a way for anyone to express themselves through melodies, timbre, dynamics, and lyrics. People around the world are composing, as well as listening to, all kinds of music, and this unifies nations in all countries and continents. Introduction to Literature is an anthology that consists of a variety of literary works – poems, short stories, and excerpts from novels – that discusses globalization. I believe that a chapter regarding the subject of music and its evolution should be included in the Introduction to Literature. Music has continuously been changing ever since the first beat was tapped, the first piano was struck, the first violin was plucked, and the first horn was blown; however, in the last 150 years, the meaning of lyrics and the style of music has changed drastically. From Bing Crosby to Elvis Presley, Michael Jackson and Eminem, the artists and composers have altered the way music sounds on the radio, computer, and other musical devices. Every genre has artists, who have songs, which have lyrics that contain a story. Whether the story is from a memory, a dream, or an ambition, it becomes...
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...Oriental belly dance (1904) and The Pussycat Dolls’ music video “Buttons”. Princess Rajah performed an “Oriental” belly dance and a balancing chair act at the St Louis Louisiana Purchase Exposition in 1904. Her act was one of many independent Orientalist dance solos inspired by contemporaneous currents in literature, painting, music, and theatre. The Princess Rajah film was recorded on Thomas Edison’s first film invention, the Kinetoscope. 159 short films were...
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...cells contains part of that number (Rathus, Nevid, & Fichner-Rathus, 2011). When a sperm cell fertilizes an ovum, the zygote ends up having the whole 23 pairs of chromosomes, one is from the father and one is from the mother (Pinel, 2009). When a sperm fertilizes an egg, the development of the zygote in the male or female will depend on whether the sperm is carrying an X or Y sex chromosome (Pinel, 2009). Female ova contain only an X sex chromosome and needs the sperm to provide a Y sex chromosome, which develops a male and if it X sex chromosome the zygote will develop a female. In the case of hormones males and females have different levels of hormones. Hormones that influence an individual’s behavior can produce either masculine or feminine bodies (Pinel, 2009). Estrogens androgens, and progestins are several hormones in the body. The most common classes of gonadal hormones are androgens and estrogens. The gonads not only create sperm and egg cells, but they also produce and release steroid hormones. It is clear that the testes and ovaries produces the very same hormones. Androgens and estrogens are both the most common classes...
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...What is marketing ? Example-bikroy.com is an online based website which serve customer buy,sell and exchange products through online. What is marketed ? Example- Goods-Examples are: refrigerators, television sets, food products, machines etc Services-Example- car rental firms Experiences-Example- travels Events- Example-artistic performance Persons-Example-artists Places-Example-local business associations Propersites-Example-bonds Organizations-Example-performing arts organisation Information- Example-news-papers Ideas-Example-‘connecting people’ it is nokia slogan work as idea. Key customer concept? Consumer markets-Example-Baked Beans is a fast moving consumer food. Business markets-Example- Main Frame Computers Global Markets-Example-Red bulls,nike etc. Non-profit and governmental markets-Example- community foundations What is Marketplaces,marketspaces and metamarkets ? Marketplaces –Example-wet market,Hongkong Marketspaces-Example-amazon.com Metamarkets-www.marutitruevalue.com Core marketing concepts? Needs,wants,and demands-Example-garments,hospital industry,five star hotel. Target markets,positioning and segmentation-Example- (Target markets) the newest male teenage singing sensation will want to market his music to the teenage females throughout the world.Example (positioning)- a personal trainer who charges $10 per hour more than the other trainers in his town.Example(segmentation)- a company that sells feminine hygiene products will include...
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