...of human resources for Zendal Pharmaceuticals, had routinely turned in her budget request to her boss, Dave Palmer, the COO and executive VP of administration. Palmer had sent the papers back to her that morning, just as she was leaving for an appointment with the dean of her university. Barton had looked at the revisions he had made en route and was stunned to find that Palmer had cut her executive education budget by more than 75%. As Barton recovered from the shock, she decided that it had to be a mistake. She glanced at her wristwatch. It was 11:50am. She was ten minutes early for her appointment, but Palmer would probably be on his way to his regular Monday lunch with CEO Jack Stockton and the rest of the company’s senior executives—the six-pack, as they called themselves. She figured she would leave a message on his voice mail but, to her surprise, he answered the phone himself. “Dave, it’s Karen. I just got your revisions to my budget, and I think there’s been a mistake. The version you sent back seems to have almost nothing for executive education,” she said, with a nervous laugh. “No mistake,” answered Palmer with the weary air of someone who had been having similar conversations all morning. “Stockton asked me to pare down next year’s budgets by 20% across all departments. Some things have to be slashed more than others. Executive education programs are—” “Dave,” interrupted Barton, “you didn’t trim my budget. You...
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...STRATEGY II Individual Write-Up 1 Nova School of Business and Economics is considered one of the most important and well known universities in Portugal. As such it is a reference point for research, teaching and executive education in Portugal. It is ranked in the 31st place among the top Masters in Management by the Financial Times. Following I depicted a table explaining the competencies, specialized assets and architecture of relations that comprise the overall resource platform of Nova SBE. In my analysis I have considered “Bocconi” University of Milan and ESADE Business School of Barcelona in order to asses the relative strength of Nova in comparison with two of its major competitors. The first one currently is the most important school of continuing education in Italy and 9th in the Financial Times rankings. ESADE is one of the most important school in Spain and it is ranked 12th in the same ranking. In the past years, Nova has spent great amounts of funds and efforts trying to build up good business programs to rank as one of the best business schools in Europe. This change is highlighted by the fast climb in the rankings positioning. In order to sustain this fast growth, Nova must now think of a long-term investment to retain the progress achieved in the past years. In order to do so, my proposal is to attract more international faculty members to the...
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...LY 2 0 12 strategy practice Becoming more strategic: Three tips for any executive Michael Birshan and Jayanti Kar You don’t need a formal strategy role to help shape your organization’s strategic direction. Start by moving beyond frameworks and communicating in a more engaging way. We are entering the age of the strategist. As our colleagues Chris Bradley, Lowell Bryan, and Sven Smit have explained in “Managing the strategy journey” (on mckinseyquarterly.com), a powerful means of coping with today’s more volatile environment is increasing the time a company’s top team spends on strategy. Involving more senior leaders in strategic dialogue makes it easier to stay ahead of emerging opportunities, respond quickly to unexpected threats, and make timely decisions. This is a significant change. At a good number of companies, corporate strategy has long represented the bland aggregation of strategies that individual business unit heads put forward.1 At others, it’s been the domain of a small coterie, perhaps led by a chief strategist who is protective of his or her domain—or the exclusive territory of a CEO. Rare is the company, though, where all members of the top team have well-developed strategic muscles. Some executives reach the C-suite because of functional expertise, while others, including 1 In a McKinsey Global Survey of more than 2,000 global executives, only one-third agreed that their corporate strategy approach represented “a distinct...
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...that enough people considered it such a serious problem that it required increased government action. Another example is crime. American society tolerates a certain level of crime; however, when crime rises dramatically or is perceived to be rising dramatically, it becomes an issue for policymakers to address. Specific events can place a problem on the agenda. The flooding of a town near a river raises the question of whether homes should be allowed to be built in a floodplain. New legislation on combating terrorism (the USA Patriot Act, for example) was a response to the attacks of September 11, 2001. 2. Formulation and adoption Policy formulation means coming up with an approach to solving a problem. Congress, the executive branch, the courts, and interest groups may be involved. Contradictory proposals are often made. The president may have one approach to immigration reform, and the opposition-party members of Congress may have another. Policy...
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...or group is given, the more it is abused. Examples include Hitler’s domination in Germany that lead to the Holocaust, Kim Jon II who runs the world’s most tightly controlled society in modern times to include forced labor, prison camps, trafficking of women and re-education camps. In order to combat such atrocities and disregard of human rights, the founding fathers of the United States created a systematic approach to divide power amongst each governing body that has influence of the people that they serve, in order to create structure and control. The method of control and division of power is known as checks and balances which, plays a vital role within Legislative, Judicial and Executive branches of government. The legislative branch is made up of U.S congress, composed of 100 U.S senators and 435 members of the House of Representatives. This branch makes laws, approves judges and justices, aids in passing the national budget, and lastly declares war. A significant role in the legislative branch is the introduction of new legislation. Legislations are proposed bills that can ultimately influence the people of the United States. Once a bill is approved, it is given to the president who is a part of the executive branch. The president can either approve or veto the bill. If the bill is signed it then becomes a law. However, the legislative branch can override president’s veto with two-thirds vote of the vote. The president is elected by the entire country and serves a four...
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...powerful than another. The three branches of our government are: Executive, Legislative, and Judicial. To ensure the government is effective in its role and the United States citizens’ rights are protected, each branch has its own powers, each branch is also responsible for working with the other branches cohesively. The first of three branches that make up our government is the legislative branch. This is made up of the House of Representatives and Senate, known collectively as Congress. The legislative branch makes all laws, declares war, regulates interstate and foreign commerce and controls taxing and spending policies (house.gov, 2014). This branch has various organizations such as Architect of the Capitol and Library of Congress (house.gov, 2014). The legislative branch is responsible for the following checks over the executive branch: overriding presidential vetoes with a two-thirds majority vote, funding executive actions, removing the president through impeachment, Senate approves treaties and presidential appointments (Kelly, 2014). The legislative branch is also responsible for certain checks over the judicial branch such as creating lower courts, has the power to impeach judges, and Senate’s approval of appointment of judges (Kelly, 2014). The second branch is the executive branch. The executive branch consists of the president, his or her advisors, and various departments and agencies. The executive branch is responsible for enforcing the laws made up by the...
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...France has been able to progressively move forward, working with the voice and opinions of the people to better the country, economically and civilly. Cuba has struggled due to the government control over everything. In France, the president serves as the Head of State, the Head of Executive, and the Supreme Commander of Military. After being elected through popular vote from the people (18 years or older), the president then elects a prime minister, who then suggests the Council of Ministers for the president to appoint. The president makes the decisions for his country and enforces the laws with the aid of the prime minister and his Council of Ministers. Together they form the executive branch. The cabinet meets weekly with the president presiding to determine and apply policy through decrees, and to put new legislation before Parliamentary in the form of bills. In Cuba, however, the executive branch is made up of the president (who also serves as the Chief of State and the Head of Government), the Council of State, and the Council of Ministers (the Cabinet). The President of the Council of State proposes a Council of Ministers (seven vice presidents of the Council of State, Secretary of Executive Committee, and Heads of National Ministries) for the National Assembly to appoint. The President, Vice President, and Council of State are also elected by the National Assembly. France allows the people of its country the privilege of voting on whom their representative leaders should...
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...the European countries many settlers migrated from, and the Constitution lays the baseline from which the federal government is formed and executed. The US Constitution lays the framework for the separation of power between the nation’s three governing branches, the executive branch, the judiciary system, and the legislature. The separation of power amongst the three branches along with the different terms served by each member of the corresponding branches, avoids the monarchial system most Americans of the time were familiar with from Great Britain, France and the likes of the various European nations America’s immigrants hail from. The political system up to this day is unique but leaves too many national issues to be lost in legalities, slowing the nation down while political and economic developments move faster and faster in our modern world. We will examine the US governmental process through political, economic, and social dimensions. In addition, we will discuss the character of American society, and the change in society throughout American history. The political aspect of American government is built on bureaucracies who handle the different flavors of public service, i.e. health care reform, education, and national security just to name a few. In order to understand the political aspect of government it must be first observed on a grand scale, and the social and economic aspects must be included in the discussion. When examining American government, one thing that...
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...EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 292 INSTITUTING THE “ADMINISTRATIVE CODE OF 1987” WHEREAS, the Administrative Code currently in force was first forged in 1917 when the relationship between the people and the government was defined by the colonial order then prevailing; chanroblespublishingcompany WHEREAS, efforts to achieve an integrative and over-all recodification of its provisions resulted in the Administrative Code of 1978 which, however, was never published and later expressly repealed; WHEREAS, the effectiveness of the Government will be enhanced by a new Administrative Code which incorporates in a unified document the major structural, functional and procedural principles and rules of governance; and WHEREAS, a new Administrative Code will be of optimum benefit to the people and Government officers and employees as it embodies changes in administrative structures and procedures designed to serve the people; NOW, THEREFORE, I, CORAZON C. AQUINO, President of the Philippines, by the powers vested in me by the Constitution, do hereby promulgate the Administrative Code of 1987, as follows: INTRODUCTORY PROVISIONS SECTION 1. Title. — This “Administrative Code of 1987.” Act shall be known as the SECTION 2. General Terms Defined. — Unless the specific words of the text, or the context as a whole, or a particular statute, shall require a different meaning: (1) Government of the Republic of the Philippines refers to the corporate governmental entity through which the functions of...
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...PO 201 – American Constitution Oct 15, 2012 1. The most general definition of politics would be the process by which values are authoritatively allocated for a particular society. More specifically that allocation speaks to the process where it is decided when, what, who, and how resources are distributed. Many would say that politics is no more than the art of governing humanity through deception, and some would even go as far as to say it is nothing more than conducting public affairs for private gain. Government has numerous roles but four of the major areas are paramount. Manage the national economy. It is the responsibility of the government to place checks and balances within the system to make sure the economy remains viable. The government also has the responsibility to enforce laws and contracts. This could be as simple as managing disputes between private citizens (civil or criminal) or as major as the Supreme Court hearing arguments between the states. Another major area where government is involved are issues of public safety and infrastructure. The upkeep of roads and bridges, regulation of utilities and public services, and public health standard guidelines are roles of the government. One of the most obvious and expensive roles of the government is national defense. The Constitution speaks to the issue of raising an army and navy (doesn’t say exactly how) and it is the expectation of the people that the government will provide for them an...
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...had clear cut rules on what they could and could not do. This idea of a separation of government, or a government that was for the people would be perpetuated by other philosophers throughout the Enlightenment era. The founding fathers sought to create the United States government in the same way. Each branch is empowered with distinct powers. The government is set up this way in order to prevent abuse of power. Each branch is able to exercise a form of control over each other. Within the constitution are articles. Within each article, it outlines the separations of powers for each branch of the government. Article one outlines The Legislative. Which is made up of The Senate and the House of Representatives Article two is composed of The Executive branch. This entails the President, his Vice-President and the state departments. Article three explains the judicial branch. This also covers federal and the Supreme Court. With this kind of system in place, it creates a kind of safety net against abuse. This is the vision that our Founding Fathers had in mind. It was not to create a prefect government. Just to create one, which ensure that one person was unable to take total control of the government. With a system of checks and balances in place, it makes for a system that is resistant to tyranny. Separation of powers and checks and balances were created to prevent...
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...• • • • • Principles of the Australian Parliamentary System Government)–!The!government!is!the!party!or!coalition!of!parties!that!wins!the!most!seats!in!the!House!of!Representatives! Parliament)–!Consists!of!a!group!of!elected!representatives!and!a!person!who!represents!the!Queens.!In!the!federal!parliament!that!person!is!the! Governor>General.!Parliaments!make!the!laws!for!a!country/state! Crown)–!The!monarch!is!represented!by!a!governor/governor>general.!Refers!to!the!position,!power,!or!dominion!of!a!monarch.!The!monarch!as! Head!of!State! Separation)of)Powers)–!The!three!branches!of!power!(executive,!legislative!and!judicial)! Federal)System)–!The!power!to!govern!is!divided!by!the!Commonwealth!and!states.! Bicameral)–!A!bicameral!parliament!consists!of!two!chambers!or!houses! Minister)–!A!minister!is!both!a!member!of!parliament!and!a!member!of!the!executive.!This!means!a!minister!is!usually!in!charge!of!a!government! department!that!is!responsible!for!enacting!the!law! ! Australian Parliamentary System Under!the!Australian!federal!system!of!government,!the!country!is!divided!into!states!and!territories!each!with!its!own!parliament!–!making!a!total!of!9! parliaments.! • Commonwealth,)6)States,)2)Territories! They! are! elected! by! the! people! and! represent! the! needs! of! the! people.! Members! are! also! responsible! to! the! parliament! and! the! people! for! their! actions.!The)APS)is)based)on)the)Westminster)system)that)was)adopted)by)the)Commonwealth)constitution)in)1900...
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...assignment: 1) Branches of Government: Through separation of powers, the U.S. Constitution established aCongress and gives the power to LEGISLATE or make the law in certain areas, provides a chiefEXECUTIVE (POTUS) whose function is to execute or enforce the laws, and helps create a federalJUDICIARY to interpret the laws. (chapter 1 page 2) Branches of Government were created by our forefathers so that one man/woman wouldn’thave all the powers to make all and any decision he/she wanted to make. By creating the threebranches of government, the Legislative, Executive, and Judiciary, the founding fathers of thisnation would ensure we as Americans wouldn’t be ruled by a king, but rather a well-balancedgovernment. As it says in our text, the Legislative branch of the Government (Congress) is the law makingbranch for the nation. Congress outlines and establishes the laws to be upheld by every citizenof the United States. The Executive branch (POTUS) is designed to enforce laws upon theAmerican people and be a figure head for the people at the highest level of government. TheJudiciary branch (Courts) was established to correct those that failed to follow the laws at thefederal and local levels while providing their interpretation of the laws created by congresstherefore closing the loop in our federal government. http://www.whitehouse.gov/our-government/ 2) Case Law: Or Common law is law made and applied by judges as they decide cases notgoverned by statutes or other types of law. (chapter...
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...to the separation of powers in America the legislature, executive and judiciary are all completely separate which means to get items pasts of decisions made, people from each of these 3 main sections needs to do work. As the president is only head of the executive, he must rely on the support of other people to get hi desired bills and legislation passed. From this comes the argument that his only real main power is to persuade, as it is the 3 departments combined which actually do the work and all he has done is persuade people in these departments to side with him. The president actually has many specific powers he has responsibility for, ranging from the proposition of legislations, submitting the annual bill and veto of legislation, to acting as chief executive, negotiating treaties and acting as the overall commander-in-chief. These powers burden the president with great responsibility; he is looked to for advice and guidance from all areas of government. The president is the chief executive of the United States, putting him at the head of the executive branch of the government, whose responsibility is to “take care that the laws be faithfully executed.” To carry out this duty, the president is given control of the four million employees of the federal executive branch. The power of a president to fire executive officials has long been a contentious political issue. Generally, a president may remove purely executive officials at his discretion, giving him great powers of...
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...great detail the newly proposed system of judicial government. The author of these papers was Alexander Hamilton. John Jay, and James Madison contributed to the other parts of the Federalist. The most interesting aspect of the judicial branch is the way it fits into the system that also is comprised of the Executive branch, and the legislative branch. Alexander Hamilton writes, “The judiciary, from the nature of its functions, will always be the least dangerous to the political rights of the constitution; because it will be least in a capacity to annoy or injure them”. The executive branch can be viewed as the, “sword of the community”, and the legislative has the power to create the laws the all citizens of the United States must follow (Hamilton 78). The brilliant thing is even though it seems the judicial branch of government does not carry as much power, it never states that in Hamilton’s letters due to the fact that the judicial branch is considered an “indispensable ingredient” (Hamilton 78). The power of the judicial branch may be considered not as direct as the other branches, but is still powerful nonetheless. The legislative branch and executive branch together have the power and ability to pass laws that the people must follow, but who keeps those two branches within their own boundaries? The answer is the judicial branch, due to the fact that the judicial branch has no authority to audit the constitution, but every authority to uphold it. The statement...
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