...Written and compiled by one hand, the Exeter Book is an incredible source of Anglo-Saxon poetry. Dated to have been written in the latter half of the 10th century, the unknown scribe wrote down the gathered these Christian stories into the codex in the order to which he found most befitting. The first poem in the story about a creature, following poems on Christ himself or saints, is The Phoenix poem. This poem is the 7th text in the Exeter book, positioned between Azarias and Juliana, and its purpose in the Exeter book is to serve as an allegory to Christ in his death, resurrection, and return, as well as an allegory to the Christian soul and the promise of eternal life. The phoenix as a creature is not originally an Anglo-Saxon beast. The first recorded mention of a phoenix-like creature is from ancient Egypt mythology, a creature called Benu or bennu (Hill, 61). The Benu was a sacred bird that symbolized rebirth and renewal, and most commonly thought to be the inspiration for the more commonly known phoenix in Greek mythology first seen in Herrodotus’ Persian wars...
Words: 1152 - Pages: 5
...The Wanderer is in a constant state of longing and sadness, while Sir Gawain is determined and optimistic. The Wanderer spends much of his time in self-pity, lamenting his exiled state and finding everything that is wrong with the world. On the other hand, Sir Gawain is resolved to positivity despite his dire straits. Although Sir Gawain remains motivated, he experiences many of the same feelings as the wanderer when he is on his journey. “He had no friend but his horse in the forests and hills, no man on his march to commune with but God,” (Sir Gawain and the Green Knight 38, lines 695-696). Sir Gawain tends to see his situation as a glass half full, while the Wanderer sees it as half empty. “Time and again at the day’s dawning I must...
Words: 292 - Pages: 2
...“The Wanderer”, written and composed by anonymous, is an old poem in English poetry. The date that this poem was written in is still unknown, along with the original composer. The sorrowful mood of the story attracts the reader’s attention. This Anglo-Saxon poem has been passed down generations, originating from an Exeter book. The anonymous author used the right setting for imagery to help readers visualize what they are reading. The anonymous author of “The Wanderer” divides the poem into two distinct parts, considering the poem transitions from personal experience to providing a lesson, giving this story multiple narrators. The central perseverance of this Anglo-Saxon poem is to communicate a message about morality- Christian...
Words: 426 - Pages: 2
...fragmentary "Azarius"; and the allegorical Phoenix. Following these are a number of shorter religious verses intermingled with poems of types that have survived only in this codex. All the extant Anglo-Saxon lyrics, or elegies, as they are usually called--"The Wanderer," "The Seafarer," "The Wife's Lament," "The Husband's Message," and "The Ruin"--are found here. These are secular poems evoking a poignant sense of desolation and loneliness in their descriptions of the separation of lovers, the sorrows of exile, or the terrors and attractions of the sea, although some of them--e.g., "The Wanderer" and "The Seafarer"--also carry the weight of religious allegory. In addition, the Exeter Book preserves 95 riddles, a genre that would otherwise have been represented by a solitary example. The remaining part of the Exeter Book includes "The Rhyming Poem," which is the only example of its kind; the gnomic verses; "Widsith," the heroic narrative of a fictitious bard; and the two refrain poems, "Deor" and "Wulf and Eadwacer." The arrangement of the poems appears to be haphazard, and the book is believed to be copied from an earlier collection. Copied upon the following web pages are those riddles translated from the Anglo Saxon language to modern day English. After a thousand years of wear and tear (at one point the books front cover was used as a cutting board and coaster for beer) some of the pages have been damaged. Some to the point of not being able to be...
Words: 279 - Pages: 2
...When a migrant leaves their homeland, in search of a better life, physical hardship and emotional turmoil may ensue. This is expressed in Peter Skrzynecki’s poem, ‘Crossing the Red Sea,’ when Peter himself was a migrant who travelled to Australia. The poem portrays the physical distress and the emotional disturbance experienced by the Skrynecki family, as they journey to pursue a better quality of life. This is depicted in the line “stretched out on blankets and pillows against cabins and rails.” The author has conveyed the physical distress in the poem through the use of vivid imagery. As a result, this line describes the physical hardships experienced by the composer and conveys to the audience how the migrant experience is seen as uneasy and uncomfortable. “Against cabins and rails” suggest the conditions in which the migrants are experiencing is very congested and restricted, emphasising the challenges and hardships encountered by migrants choosing to leave their homeland. Furthermore, Skrynecki describes the emotional turmoil experienced by the migrants, by signifying how the consequences of war has affected the refugees. The poet has accomplished this through the use of juxtaposition and the colour red as a motif. This is addressed in the third stanza of the poem as it states, “I remember a field of red poppies, once behind the forest. Blood leaves similar dark stains- when it runs for a long time on stones or rusted iron.” This citation acknowledges how the trauma of war...
Words: 437 - Pages: 2
...Challenging Exile 'Exile' comes from the Old French word 'essil', meaning "state of banishment, also devastation, destruction" (OED). In William Shakespeare's late dramas, especially Pericles and Cymbeline, exile and banishment are not presented exclusively as punishments. Exile and banishment are presented as separations from society that allow characters to be renewed and transformed. This is a new type of exile, one which values reform and renewal over punishment. This remarkable difference is caused by nature. Characters in these plays are set on new courses by storms, and educated by woods and beasts. Yet this change in the causes and functions of exile are not merely artistic expressions of Renaissance banishment customs. Banishment was a common punishment in Shakespeare's Britain, and these plays especially may have been subtle responses to the overwhelming power of monarchs, or symbolic of Shakespeare's estrangement from his own theatrical work. They are empowering commentaries on the dominion of rulers over their subjects, and humbling accounts of nature's dominion over all humanity. The manifestations of exile and banishment in William Shakespeare’s plays have changed throughout his career. Banishment in the late Shakespeare plays finds the exiled people banished to very distant places, across seas and in other countries. However, the causes and functions of banishment are not always the same throughout the late plays. Pericles leaves Tyre on Helicanus’s advice. The...
Words: 1114 - Pages: 5
...Academic essay on Annie Proulx's "Job Story" Choices are something we all make. Not necessarily important choices, but there will always be a time to make them. It's not always good choices, but they have to be made. There will always be consequences, whether it's bad or good. Throughout the story, Leeland Lee has to make a lot of choices. Where to live, where to work and when to work. All the different choices he made, put him in the position he is now. Leeland Lee is an awkward-looking young boy. His face is heavily boned, which he has gotten from his mom, his neck is quite thick and he has red-gold hair. His eyes are as pouchy as a middle-aged alcoholic. His nose is broad and lays close to his face. Lori Bovee is Leeland Lee's wife. She has an undistinguished oval face, and hair of medium length. Leeland Lee is the protagonist of the story, because he is the main character. I would say Leeland is a flat and static character as he is an endless optimist. He doesn't give up when it comes to finding a new job, and despite his wife dying he still gets a job at Unique Eats. The reason he is a static character is because he doesn't change at all. After getting several different jobs he doesn't change anything, after his mom and wife dies he doesn't change one single thing except the fact he isn't listening to the radio anymore, but since that have been an important factor of the story all along, it can also show a lot about how he has changed. The story starts November...
Words: 733 - Pages: 3
...Essay on “Job History” written by Annie Proulx In the short story “Job History” written by Annie Proulx, we follow Leeland Lee from the time of his birth, until he is about fifty years old. In the short story we follow Leeland through his harsh life, with ups and downs, in the form of thoughts, feelings, incidents, etc. Leeland is born in a ranch in Wyoming, and lives there with his wife Lori. Leeland does not look particularly good, in fact he is a very unattractive man; (page 91, line 12)“Leeland’s face shows heavy bones from his mother’s side. His neck is thick and his red-gold hair plastered down in bangs. Even as a child his eyes are as pouchy as those of a middle-age alcoholic, the brows rod-straight above wandering out-of-line eyes. His nose lies broad and close to his face, his mouth seems to have been cut with a single chisel blow into easy flesh” And in the top of that, we see how Leeland through his life, tries to find a successful career, but fails consistently. He moves various times from place to place, too seek occupation and good business. But it is hard when you’re a high school dropout, without a career. Leeland have to changes his job constantly, because of his lack of luck, and since he can’t get along white his bosses. He is never able to stay at one job or place for long, which lead to problems in the family. He has a hard time supporting his wife, and their children financially. Throughout the story the author, Annie Proulx manages...
Words: 357 - Pages: 2
...An essay is a piece of writing which is often written from an author's personal[->0] point of view[->1]. Essays can consist of a number of elements, including: literary criticism[->2], political manifestos[->3], learned arguments[->4], observations of daily life, recollections, and reflections of the author. The definition of an essay is vague, overlapping with those of an article[->5] and a short story[->6]. Almost all modern essays are written in prose[->7], but works in verse[->8] have been dubbed essays (e.g. Alexander Pope[->9]'s An Essay on Criticism[->10] and An Essay on Man[->11]). While brevity usually defines an essay, voluminous works like John Locke[->12]'s An Essay Concerning Human Understanding[->13] and Thomas Malthus[->14]'s An Essay on the Principle of Population[->15] are counterexamples. In some countries (e.g., the United States and Canada), essays have become a major part of formal education[->16]. Secondary students are taught structured essay formats to improve their writing skills, and admission essays[->17] are often used by universities[->18] in selecting applicants and, in the humanities and social sciences, as a way of assessing the performance of students during final exams. The concept of an "essay" has been extended to other mediums beyond writing. A film essay is a movie that often incorporates documentary film making styles and which focuses more on the evolution of a theme or an idea. A photographic essay[->19] is an attempt to cover a topic...
Words: 521 - Pages: 3
...We all know love. We have all loved in some kind of way. We love our parents, significant others and even our friends. But we can also love other things like animals or material things. But what is the difference between loving and liking? And is it better not to love and feel pain or to love and be hurt in the progress? Jonathan Franzen seeks to answer these questions in his essay “Liking Is for Cowards. Go for What Hurts”. The essay “Liking Is for Cowards. Go for What Hurts” is, as mentioned, written by Jonathan Franzen and published in The New York Times, May 28, 2011. Jonathan Franzen is born in 1959, and he is an acclaimed American novelist and essayist. The essay is based on the commencement speech he delivered at Kenyon College in Ohio, USA. “Our technology has become extremely adept in creating products that correspond to our fantasy ideal of an erotic relationship, in which the beloved object asks for nothing and gives everything, instantly. (…)” As Franzen claims in his essay, many people can feel like they love their technological object. It gives them a satisfaction, which human interaction maybe wouldn’t. Franzen however thinks, that people in general don’t love material things: they like them. There is a major difference between loving and liking – even though it might appear small. “Liking, in general, is commercial culture’s substitute for loving.” Products are made to be likeable, but if that concept in transferred to a person, you would instantly see...
Words: 1039 - Pages: 5
...Reaction – “Salvation” The nonfiction short essay “Salvation” written by Langston Hughes in 1940, presents a theme on the literal and often manipulated perception of children. Hughes narrates the essay as he recounts his disappointing attempt at salvation. Hughes aunt told him that when she was saved by Jesus she saw a light, and felt something happen within herself. As children will do, Hughes took her story literally and was heartbroken as he sat in front of the church and watched other children “saved” while he was not. He believed that Jesus must not want him because he did not see or feel anything. In the end, Hughes is forced to lie about accepting Jesus and in turn rejects the Christian faith all together. I related to Hughes story on many accounts. I am a mother of three young children who perceive everything in life literally, and as a young girl I was raised in a very religious environment. I could visualize and almost feel Hughes devastation as he sat at the front of the church crushed by the thoughts of God not wanting him. “Still I kept waiting to see Jesus” (Barnet, Cain, & Burto, 2011, pp. 351). One of the churches that my family attended for a short time during my childhood practiced speaking in tongs. I specifically remember feeling just like Hughes during a service when other children were speaking in unnatural languages perceived to be sent from God himself. I could not understand why I was not chosen to talk for God and intern was hurt and...
Words: 967 - Pages: 4
...write an essay on drugs for this topic. Drugs are very harmful and keep the capability of dragging an individual towards death and destruction. People all over the world want to eradicate the adverse situation of drug addiction from this world and this is the reason why they are busy in writing essays on drugs. Essays on drugs are of many types such as war on drugs essay, essay on performance enhancing drugs in sports, essay on drug abuse, essay on illegal drugs, essay on drug addiction, essay on drug use, essay on drugs and alcohol and essay on drug testing, etc. The essays on drugs should be initiated by bringing in the information related to the topic of the essay on drug. You should know what drugs are. In an essay on drugs, you will have to write about drugs, their affects and the reasons due to which people use them, you have to include the information about why the drugs are so famous and how harmful are they. A persuasive essay on drugs will be one, which will be according to the topic of the essay on drugs. It should have a full-fledged introduction, which should introduce the topic completely. The introduction should also have a thesis statement that should be the main idea of the essay on drugs. A thesis statement should be based on the essay question to which your essay on drugs is an answer. A thesis statement of an essay on drugs can be one sentence or more than one sentence but it is suggested that it should be only one sentence. Essays on drug abuse or essays on drug...
Words: 427 - Pages: 2
...Dog Food Fried, Flipped and Devoured Eating dog food may not be seen as the easiest thing to stomach because the smell, texture and by-products found within the mixture are thought of as awful and revolting. In Ann Hodgman’s “No Wonder They Call Me a Bitch”, although the title may suggest otherwise, different types of dog food are discussed. In this essay, Hodgman aims to inform her readers about the inequality in different types of dog food, as well as to entertain and amuse. Hodgman is writing to a broad audience, one of dog lovers and owners, as well as those that may be curious as to what is really in dog food, or more generally the packaging and processing of mass-produced food of any kind. Language, description and humor are techniques Hodgman skillfully uses to create a strong, convincing essay. Within this essay, Hodgman continually uses diction and syntax that a diverse audience can understand and relate to. In the beginning, the reader feels repulsed by what is written. However, through a light tone of voice and sentence structure, the levity of the experiences and feelings occurring throughout the experiment is conveyed. The personal anecdotes and thoughts make the tone feel less formal and much more story-like. In this way, Hodgman produces a piece that connects the information and readers Shortly after capturing interest through stating questions, Hodgman begins using large amounts of description. Each type of dog food is explained and illustrated so well that...
Words: 595 - Pages: 3
...Business Essay Format and its Structure What Makes Business Essay Format? Those students, who study different business courses, for example management, marketing, have to write many different business essays. This type of essay as well as the others (argumentative essay, classification essay, cause and effect essay, persuasive essay, comparative essay, etc) has peculiar features that should be observed carefully in order to produce an essay in conformity with all instructions of research paper writing. One of these features to be observed at writing is business essay format as there is no doubt that format of the essay plays the same important role as the content of business essay. When student has made comprehensive research of the object and has found interesting ideas and sources to support hisher position, it does not mean that heshe has coped with a writing task. The writer should make the next step that is to organize hisher research paper writing in a proper way. It means that attention should be paid to the business essay format. In general, there are different formats of research paper – ChicagoTurabian, Harvard, APA, AMA, MLA format paper; which of them suits you the most depends on the business essay topic, subject, requirements set by the professor. When the student has chosen the format of the business essay it is very important to follow it and not use any elements of the other essay format. In case when you do not get any instruction as for the business...
Words: 426 - Pages: 2
...is comprised of two parts: Part A has six questions; you are to answer four (4) questions only. Each question is worth 8 marks (total of 32 marks). Each answer should be approximately half to one page long. Part B has two essay questions; you are to answer one (1) question only. This question is worth 18 marks. Each answer should be two to three pages long. It will be a closed book examination- NO MATERIAL (other than Foreign Language Dictionaries) shall be allowed inside the Exam Venue. You may wish to take a calculator into the exam if you wish. This Exam provides you with an opportunity to demonstrate knowledge application. Although diagrams, analytical modelling and calculations may help to support your answer, this will not be a key focus of the questions. PART A For Part A – Short Answer Questions - while all topics are examinable you should focus on the following themes/chapters: * Operations Management, Performance and Strategy * The Nature of Planning and Control * Capacity Planning * ERP * People, Jobs and Organisation * Lean Synchronisation * Operations Improvement Each answer should be approximately half to one page long. Using relevant examples will help support your answer. PART B For Part B – Essay Question This question will enable you to use the themes listed in Part A and additional material that you have learnt in the course more broadly to write a comprehensive answer to the question. Each answer should be approximately...
Words: 302 - Pages: 2
