...efforts, has been developing rapidly since the 1990s. In recent years, China has become the world’s largest automotive producer, with annual vehicle output of over 18 million units in 2011. China is now also the world’s biggest market for automobile sales. Meanwhile, China’s auto sector development and policies have caused concerns in the United States, from automotive trade, China’s failure to effectively enforce trade agreements and laws, to market barriers and government policies that increasingly favor Chinese manufacturers, which could affect business operations and prospects of international companies doing business in (or with) China. China’s auto industry has developed extensively through foreign direct investment, which has come in the form of alliances and joint ventures between international automobile manufacturers and Chinese partners. These international automobile manufacturers, who generally dominate the higher end of the Chinese market, have focused on making cars for China’s large and fastgrowing market. The domestic Chinese automakers, who occupy the lower end of the market, struggle to improve design and quality to expand sales overseas. China exports and imports relatively few vehicles. Most of the cars produced in China stay in China and its vehicle exports are mostly light trucks and passenger cars shipped to developing country markets. Automotive trade between the United States and China has increased in recent years,...
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...Journal of Political Studies, Vol. 19, Issue - 2, 2012, 57:69 Strategic Importance of Gwadar Port Hasan Yaser Malik ♣ Abstract The pragmatic facets like geography and history have always imprinted the demographical mosaic and development of a civilisation. The civilisations have always developed along the waters. The waters have been used as trade route since long and the modern trade has further enhanced the need of trade through waters. Pakistan being a gateway to the strategically important 'Strait Of Hurmoz' in the Indian Ocean, blessed with hidden treasures and bordering two Islamic Republics, Afghanistan and Iran, has always been a centre piece for Regional Politics. The emergence of Gwadar Port as a vibrant regional economic hub has caused the regional and extra regional powers to develop strategic and infra structural development with Gwadar Port to reach the energy rich Central Asian Republics (CARs). Iran and Dubai Port World (UAE) have interests to keep Gwadar Port out of competition as it serves as a gateway to Strait of Hurmoz. Pakistan needs to be addressing all the concerns to make Gwadar as a regional energy corridor. Key Words: Strategic, Gwadar, Sea lines of communications, Caspian region, Indian ocean Geo Strategic Importance “If we see this whole region, it is like a funnel. The top of the funnel is this wide area of Central Asia and also China's western region. And this funnel gets narrowed on through Afghanistan and Pakistan and the end of this funnel...
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...BACKGROUND OF EXPORT TRADING 2.1 China 2.2 Hong Kong 3 TYPES OF EXPORT GOODS AND SERVICES 3.1 China 3.2 Hong Kong 4 ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 4.1 China 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.1.4 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 5 5.1 Participation of Global Trade Association Foreign Direct Investment Currency Valuation Structural Changes Free Trade Policy Close Economic Partnership Arrangement with Mainland China Availability of Venture Capital 4.2 Hong Kong MARKET CHALLENGES AND TRENDS China’s Challenges 5.1.1 Inflation 5.1.2 Government Interference 5.1.3 Social Unrest 5.1.4 Unbalanced Regional Development 5.1.5 Low Domestic Consumption 5.1.6 Poor Technology & Substandard Products 5.2 Hong Kong’s Challenges 5.2.1 Global Markets 5.2.2 Emerging Markets in Asia 5.2.3 Increasing Competition 5.2.4 Change of Export Business 6 HONG KONG SUSTINAED COMPETITION POSITION 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Better Trading Cooperation Doing-Business Climate Better Transportation Means Advanced Info-Communication Network Skillful and Technical Manpower 7 CONCLUSION REFERENCES & APPENDIX Macroeconomics Individual Paper 2 DSME 5011 - Economics Clara Tak-Wai LAW EXECUTIVE SUMMARY China becomes the 1st exporter in the world after 25% rise in 2009 and export is the major contribution of its economic development in the past decades. Accelerated growth of the world export share was to 40% from 8% in 5-years time. The combined factors driving China’s success are the participation of the World Trade Organization (hereafter called...
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...Running head: GLOBALIZATION AND DIVERSITY IMPACT ON HEALTHCARE Globalization and Diversity Impact on Healthcare Organizations LaWanda D. Williams Kaplan University Health-care is one of the fastest-growing sectors in the world, and international trade in health services has created economic and diplomatic opportunities for both medical personnel and countries especially those that are low- or middle-income. The Infectious Disease Threat and Implications for the United States, health threats and issues have continued to have significant impacts on the world stage. Highly publicized virulent infectious diseases---- including HIV/AIDS, a potential influenza pandemic, and “mystery” illnesses such as the 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) –remain the most direct health-related threats to the United States, but are not the only health indicators with strategic significance. Chronic, non-communicable diseases; neglected tropical diseases; maternal and child mortality; malnutrition; sanitation and access to clean water; and availability of basic healthcare also affect the US national interest through their impacts on the economies, governments, and militaries of key countries and regions. The greatest infectious disease challenge for the US since the beginning of the decade has been the potential emergence of a severe influenza pandemic. Although the H5N1 avian influenza virus remains primarily a threat to poultry, it and other such viruses continue to evolve...
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...Levendary Café What is your evaluation of the way Levendary Café has entered the China market? As the newly named CEO, Mia Foster faced enormous challenges in assuming duties from Howard Leventhal, the founder and departing CEO of the popular Levendary Café brand. As a first-time CEO who lacked international management experience, she took the reins of a 3,500-unit, $10 billion business during the midst of a transitional period of expansion into the China market. In 2008 Levendary’s domestic growth had slowed and the company recognized the opportunities the Chinese market could offer. With its rising population, continually growing GDP, and a strong middle class consumer behavior that mirrored Levendary’s domestic formula for success, Foster realized that managing Levendary’s entry into the Chinese growth market would be key to the company’s long term growth and success. This move, however, was met with skepticism from Wall Street and many of Levendary’s corporate staff who held concerns that the company's major expansion into China involved moving too far from Levendary's well-defined concepts of store design and menu. The Levendary brand had a strong track record, but investors as well as internal staff had strong reservations regarding Levendary’s current domestic financial position and that, coupled with Foster’s lack of international experience, caused the Levendary stock to trade at a market discount (Bartlett, 2013). Levendary’ entry strategy into the Chinese market...
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...STRATEGY in the SPECIAL ISSUE NEW WORLD The 10 Trends You Have to Watch | by Eric Beinhocker, Ian Davis, and Lenny Mendonca AFTER A FULL YEAR in heads-down crisis mode, to the evolving role of business in society. Here we discuss how the crisis may affect their trajectories, and we address the implications for strategy. Some trends, we argue, remain firmly on track, but uncertainties are cropping up around others. We also see signs of new forces emerging, which we will be exploring in more detail in the months ahead. The overall picture is of an altered business landscape. It does seem there will be no going back to the precrisis world. hbr.org Are these the right trends to watch? Share your thoughts with the authors at landscape.hbr.org. business executives are looking again to the future. As they reengage in strategic thinking, many are struck by a sense that the world has changed: The turmoil was not merely another turn of the business cycle but a restructuring of the economic order. Is that impression accurate? To answer this question, it is necessary to examine the underlying forces that shape the business environment and to look for discontinuities. McKinsey & Company tracks the most important of these forces, from the growth of emerging markets Lorenzo Petrantoni Eric Beinhocker is a senior fellow at the McKinsey Global Institute, McKinsey & Company’s economics research arm, where he leads research on economic, management, and public policy issues;...
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...for eight months, though he had been with RIM for five years. Lo was successful in signing new partners throughout Asia, but China remained a difficult market to crack. One holdup was an impasse with regard to RIM’s use of encryption technology and the Chinese authorities’ desire to monitor e-mail traffic and content. Here the technical and political concerns were entangled. Even calling in Ontario Premier Dalton McGuinty to pay the Chinese federal authorities a visit (during a trade mission) provided no resolution. To further complicate things, the entirety of RIM had until recently been preoccupied with the legal settlement with NTP in the United States. There was much concern that NTP’s patent infringement claims could sink or substantially stymie RIM’s economic progress. Even as the NTP matters were settled, additional distracting infringement suits arose. Those holding patents thought they could get rich just by having a lawyer knock on RIM’s door. The study shadows Norm Lo trying to bring BlackBerry’s entry into mainland China to fruition. Should he “play hardball?” Is slow and steady going to do it? Is RIM getting walked all over in China, or is this what an outside firm should expect? Wishful thinking and a great product are not enough. Incentives must be properly aligned with the local partner China Mobile. Meanwhile, China Mobile moved to introduce products that compete at the low end—which may be the best point of entry into this market. RIM...
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...Corporation 2.2 Goal of the Sony Corporation 2.3 International business methods used by Sony Corporation 2.4 Expectation to expand to another countries, opportunities to expand and risk of pursuing new business in another countries 2.0 INTERNATIONAL FLOW OF FUNDS 3.5 List countries of Sony Corporation export products 3.6 Sony Corporation export business by recent changes in the factors that can affect the degree of international trade 3.0 INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS 4.7 Foreign exchange market used by the Sony Corporation 4.8 The Sony Corporation issues stock in foreign countries 4.0 EXCHANGE RATE DETERMINATION 5.9 Currencies that the Sony Corporation uses to conduct its international business 5.10 The trends in the main foreign currencies used by the Sony Corporation and affected by changes in the values of these currencies 5.0 FINANCING INTERNATIONAL TRADE 6.11 Types of payment methods to pay for imports 6.12 Types of trade finance method 1.0 MULTINATIONAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT 2.1 MAIN BUSINESS OF THE SONY CORPORATION Sony is engaged in the development, design, manufacture and sale of various kinds of electronic equipment, instruments and devices for consumer, professional and industrial markets as well as game hardware and software. Sony’s primary manufacturing facilities are located in Asia including Japan. Sony also utilizes third-party contract manufactures...
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...CASE STUDY 129 BlackBerry in Red China: Research in Motion Navigates Institutional Barriers in an Emerging Market By Prescott C. Ensign Nicholas P. Robinson Research in Motion’s (RIM’s) entry into the Chinese market during a time when many distractions—principally a patent dispute with NTP—occupied management’s attention was not a foregone conclusion. China remained a difficult market to crack. One holdup was an impasse with regard to RIM’s use of encryption technology and the Chinese authorities’ desire to monitor e-mail traffic and content. Here the technical and political concerns were entangled. To further complicate things, the entirety of RIM had until recently been preoccupied with the legal settlement with NTP in the United States. Issues in this study highlight real-world dilemmas in a thriving firm. The founders are still in charge, and new markets present themselves regularly. A very real challenge is divided attentions. The standstill over market entry calls for integrative thinking—bringing together disparate and contradictory elements for resolution. RIM’s way out will invariably involve embracing complex relationships in order to find a resolution to the various conflicting institutional forces. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Correspondence to: Prescott C. Ensign, University of Ottawa, Telfer School of Management, 55 Laurier Avenue East, Ottawa ON, K1N 6N5, Canada, 613.562.5800 x4925 (phone), ensign@telfer.uOttawa.ca. Published online in Wiley InterScience...
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...PERFORMANCE OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY IN INDUSTRIALISATION: A STUDY WITH REFERENCE TO INDIA INTRODUCTION Prosperity of any nation is extremely difficult without industrial development – is a well established truth for all the economies – developing or developed. Economic development and industrialization have became so closely integrated with each other that progress of an economy is now accessed from the success it has achieved in transformation from agricultural set up into a industrial set up. Through industrialization a situation is created whereby many industries are set up rapidly and ultimately backward areas are converted into economically developed areas and backward economies into developed economies. Industrialization, infact is a composite term which involves a number of structural changes such as changes in the production techniques, factor intensities, industrial employment and output. Industrialization is not only a way to increase output or national income but is a means of introducing modern technology and changing ways of life and finally the structure of the economy because of its self-reinforcing quality. But the all above cannot be executed without a well planned industrial policy. The industrial polity provides direction to the pace of industrialization and industrial development. Hence, to industrialize the country, India too, framed industrial policy which was amended, modified and reoriented several times. The First Industrial Policy was framed in 1948...
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...| |[Year] | | |Grizli777 | | | | | |SOHEL | |[Type the document title] | |[Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the | |document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document.] | ACKHOWLEDGEMENT It is my great pleasure to convey my deep respect and indebtedness to my teacher Dr. Md Azam Khan, Chairmen, Department of Economics, Jagannath University for cordial guidance, pragmatic suggestions and continuous encouragement and inspirations of my term paper work, which enabled me to complete my dissertation work successfully. I would also like to offer my heartfelt thanks, gratitude, deep respect and indebtedness to Soma Bhattacharjee, Lecturer of Economics, Jagannath University for his continuous guidance, thoughtful suggestion and inspirations during the entire time of my term paper. I am indebted to the respondents of the study area who provided data and suggestions to complete the work. Contents ...
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...Executive Summary 3 Introduction 3 SWOT Analysis of Starbucks 4 Starbucks Introduction to International Business 7 Market entry strategies adopted by Starbucks 7 Porter’s 5 forces 8 Challenges and Barriers in International Business 11 Conclusion 13 References 15 Executive Summary Starbucks is one most successful example of transnational companies across the globe with its rich cultural and organizational strength. This paper analyzes Starbucks from an International Business perspective in which the various nitty-gritties of International Business are applied on the company to analyze its core strengths and prospect areas of concerns. The paper starts with an introduction regarding Starbucks, its origin, current standing in terms of stores across the world and a brief history. The SWOT analysis of the company uncovers its major strengths and weakness and prospect areas of threats and opportunities while expanding internationally. The current situation analyses analyzes the prime factors of the current organizational situation, which are of use and which should be looked forward to improve its international perspective. Further the paper discusses its basic market strategies while entering in any foreign market in which is focusses on analyzing the market and culture in depth and the collaborating partner so as to keep a sync with its values. The organizational barriers discusses the various obstacles and barriers that come in the way of any company while going international...
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...bribery money, this Chinese communist leader got the punishment of spending the rest of his life in prison, and also brought influential stress and trust problem in China (The Economist, 2013). This incidence also have drawn international’s attention, with such negative reputation a question mark has been put on China’s trust worship, consequently is also weakening of China’s international position and power. Corruption has always been a worldwide focus, with bribery one of the leading problems existing in the contemporary world. Bribery is legally defined as “The offering, giving, receiving of something of value for the purpose of influencing the action of an official in the discharge of his or her public or legal duties” (U.S Office Of Government Ethics). Bribery in deed has helped tons of people achieve their goals in almost every aspect of people’s life: Kids can be permitted to good schools; companies can get privileges in trades; unqualified candidates can be selected for competitive positions. Bribery has brought the society unfairness, and cause disorder in socials reflecting in wealth gap and power distances. The uprising country China, specifically, is one of the world’s leading highly corrupted country. Not only within nation boarders, bribery also happens in the international trade. Many major international trade organizations (WTO, GATT) has been trying to relieve this problem by setting up universal agreements and regulations, but the issue just keep going and rarely get...
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...International Views on the Cosmetics Industry: Japan, Saudi Arabia, China, Germany, & the United States of America BMGT454-0101: Global Marketing Professor Fardanesh Spring 2015 Mica Cocco Molly Pinkas Nora Keller Antonia Murray Katie Ta Table of Contents: Introduction Article Summary: Saudi Arabia “Booming KSA Beauty Market Attracts Investors” by Jamadil Akhir & “Saudi Arabia and UAE top world list in consumption of cosmetics” "Route to Market: Saudi Arabia" "Chapter 4: Ughmuri Ahasisaki: Cosmetics and Personal Care Products" by Roni Zirinski Article Summary: Japan “Blueprint for a Cosmetics Empire” by Terrie Lloyd “Exploring International Cosmetics Advertising in Japan” by Bradley Barnes & Maki Yamamoto “Face Time: A Digital Makeover for Japan’s Cosmetics Industry” by Kiyoshi Miura, Ian St-Maurice, Brian Salsberg Article Summary: China Understanding the Chinese Cosmetics Market - Dr. Mark Mobius Investigating the Impact of International Cosmetics in China - Bradley R. Barnes Western cosmetics in the gendered development of consumer culture in China - Barbara Hopkins Article Summary: Germany Trends in the European Cosmetic Market- Tereza Roubalikova Vivness 2015: The place to be for the global natural cosmetics industry Beauty Around The World- Germany - Eternal Voyageur Article Summary: United States of America “FDA official says cosmetics industry is trying to undercut government regulations”...
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...FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN EMERGING MARKET COUNTRIES Report of the Working Group of the Capital Markets Consultative Group September 2003 This report reflects the views of private sector participants in a working group examining the determinants, trends and prospects of foreign direct investment (FDI) in emerging market countries. The views expressed should not be attributed to the staff and management of HSBC, members of the CMCG, the International Monetary Fund, and the World Bank. -2- Contents Page Main Findings ..........................................................................................................................3 I. II. III. Introduction....................................................................................................................10 Overview of FDI in EMCs.............................................................................................14 Motivation, Location, and Decision-Making.................................................................15 A. Motivation ...............................................................................................................15 B. Locational Determinants of FDI..............................................................................16 C. Decision-Making .....................................................................................................19 Financing, Global Conditions, and Managing FDI Risks................................................
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