...Influencing Students Academic Performance in Nigeria Socio-Economic Factors Influencing Students Academic Performance in Nigeria Some Explanation from a Local Survey Nigeria like any other developing nations has witnessed series of political instability, with obvious effects on educational policies at federal, state and local government levels. This gradually laid the foundation of fallen standard in education at the primary and secondary school levels, which caused differential academic performance of students. In the quest of finding survival feet, the nation has evolved series of socio-economic and educational measures but these have not improved the social-economic status of families in the country. It is within this milieu that this study examines socio-economic factors influencing students' academic performance in Nigeria, with some explanations from Ido Local Government Area of Oyo State. The time frame of the study covers the period of 2004 to 2007. A total of one hundred and twenty (120) copies of questionnaire were administered to respondents. The study revealed that insufficient parental income, family type and lack of funding by governments are factors influencing students' academic performance. Based on these findings, certain recommendations are made towards improving student academic performance. Prominent of these include proper funding of education by government, sensitization of parents towards their children education and the support of NGOs to eradicate poverty...
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...The ethical dimension of human resource management Human Resource Management Journal London 2000 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Authors: Diana Winstanley Authors: Jean Woodall Volume: 10 Issue: 2 Pagination: 5-20 ISSN: 09545395 Subject Terms: Studies Human resource management Business ethics Classification Codes: 9175: Western Europe 9140: Statistical data 6100: Human resource planning 2400: Public relations Geographic Names: United Kingdom UK Abstract: The relative absence of debate about ethical issues within the area of human resource management is addressed. IT is argued that ethics is not about taking statements of morality at face value; it is a critical and challenging tool. The discussion starts with what should be familiar terrain: ethical arguments that uphold a managerialist position, such as ethical individualism, utilitarianism, and "Rawlsian" justice. Other theories are then introduced that broaden the field of ethical concern in an endeavor to be more socially inclusive: stakeholding and discourse theory. Copyright Eclipse Group Ltd. 2000 Full Text: Until very recently the field of business...
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...objectives of the study, the research design and chapter summary. 2. PROBLEM STATEMENT Higher education institutions have no worth without students. Wenger (1999) stated that academic differences are the social changes that students encounter at higher education institutions. The author further mentioned that students live on their own for the first time, away from friends, family or other familiar support networks, it is during this time that as students a result, when students begin tertiary study, they they enter not just one but oftenon several new, and potentially contrasting communities within the higher education institutions. Students are the most essential assets for any educational institute (Mushtag & Khan, 2012). They enrol at a higher education institution with the objective of obtaining registered qualifications and successfully complete this qualification. Academic success is the objective at which all hHigher education institutions need to address should address (Samaniego-sanchez, Gonzales, Aparicio, Nebot, Aranda, Lopez-jurado and Llopis, 2011). Every Higher education institution envisage to should deliver good educationquality education for every student who enrols with the institution in order to in both under-graduates and post-graduates qualification to meet academic success. Bourne (2005) stated that mentioned that Hhigher education institutions offer educational systems with a variety of qualifications that students believe have provided...
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...to the provisions of paragraph (e), Article 11, of R.A. No. 7836, otherwise known as the Philippine Teachers Professionalization Act of 1994 and paragraph (a), section 6, P.D. No. 223, as amended, the Board for Professional Teachers hereby adopt the Code of Ethics for Professional Teachers. Preamble Teachers are duly licensed professionals who possesses dignity and reputation with high moral values as well as technical and professional competence in the practice of their noble profession, and they strictly adhere to, observe, and practice this set of ethical and moral principles, standards, and values. Article I: Scope and Limitations Section 1. The Philippine Constitution provides that all educational institution shall offer quality education for all competent teachers. Committed to its full realization, the provision of this Code shall apply, therefore, to all teachers in schools in the Philippines. Section 2. This Code covers all public and private school teachers in all educational institutions at the preschool, primary, elementary, and secondary levels whether academic, vocational, special, technical, or non-formal. The term “teacher” shall include industrial arts or vocational teachers and all other persons performing supervisory and /or administrative functions in all school at the aforesaid levels, whether on full time or part-time basis. Article II: The Teacher and the State Section 1. The schools are the nurseries of the future citizens of the state;...
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...efficient leaders to take them toward that success. In this sense, leadership style is one of the main factors determining the effectiveness of any leader. Leadership style reflects a manager or leader's personality and how he or she manages work, which affects the performance of institutions as well as employees (Lwasif, 1995). However, Subramaniam (2011) pointed out the importance of studying leadership styles because of its significance in an institution's success. Educational process is to achieve its goals, it needs teachers with high motivation. At the same time, teachers need support to increase their satisfaction and motivation, and this will come about through principals' effective leadership style (Johnson, 2007). The purpose of the study is to know how some principals prefer embracing certain leadership styles and the effects it has on teachers motivation. It is also to find outcome of desired leadership style by the principal towards achieving the school goals. It is of good interest to know the reaction of teachers to the principal whether negative or positive. It is also aimed to determine the relationship between teachers motivation and the leadership style of the principal. Further, the extent to which the various leadership approaches adopted by elementary school principals has influenced the teaching learning situations is an important area of investigation. The study will also enable us to examine the influence of the relationship on the schoolwork and to...
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...Critically evaluate the extent to which the concept of corporate social responsibility encourages responsible business practices. To support your evaluation and argument, include an appraisal of how two companies currently promote social responsibility. In order for companies to positively impact their communications with their stakeholders many companies like Nike and Goldman Sachs are continuously seeking new ways of carrying out corporate social responsibility Reeves (2012). The re-developments of corporate social responsibility often derive from responding actively to emerging and current issues in society (REFERENCE). (REFERENCE) describes current issues such as, human rights, labour, and environmental practices that Nike and Goldman...
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...audit of cash important part of the audit? From an auditing standpoint, cash is an important account because cash transactions affect all other business and financial processes. Businesses acquire cash by selling goods or services, disposing of fixed assets, or acquiring debt or equity. The same businesses put their cash to use through purchasing, paying employees, and buying inventory. Audits are an important part of business. Cash audits check that money has been handled properly, and performance audits ascertain whether employees are doing their jobs properly. Corporations are likely to undergo tax audits to ensure proper tax reporting and withholding. Audits may be performed in-house by management or human resources, by a third-party consulting firm hired specifically to perform the audits or by IRS agents who are auditing company tax records. The audit of cash is considered an important part of an audit mainly due to almost all business transactions will be ultimately settled through the cash accounts, the audit of cash accounts also assists in the verification of other asset and liability accounts as well as revenue and expenses. Some of the investor relies on the accuracy of the cash account to evaluate the financial health of the company. They use current asset which include the cash account to compute several financial measures. Other than that, cash is the highly liquid asset in a company and it is an area of high inherent risk since there is a relatively high risk of...
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...Term Paper on Hate Speech on College Campuses Introduction As colleges struggle to handle the various differences their students and faculty embody, the problem of “hate speech” has become a focal point of educational erudition and policy-making. In the most deliberate and alarming cases, hate speech is projected to degrade or disgrace those at whom it is directed, usually colored people, gays, lesbians, the physically or mentally challenged, and women, regardless of their sexual orientation, race, religion or ability. Less disturbing examples include insensitive or careless comments, jokes, and other expressions that are painful to those to whom they are directed, regardless of the intent of the person by whom they are spoken or written. The main focus of this essay is to discuss the current dominant structure within which the matter of hate speech is being debated. This structure draws heavily on the discussion of the Fourteenth and the First Amendments, which in my opinion are not adequate to the issue of hate speech. There is a pressing need for extra-legal standards for communicative interaction to handle this sensitive issue. Main Body In our society various laws have been invoked to regulate an increasingly extensive range of social communications. The very language with which we talk about our needs, desires and disagreements is often highly legalistic (Glendon 1991). When reacting to someone else’s hurting experience, one may lament that there should be a law against...
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...Term Paper on Hate Speech on College Campuses Introduction As colleges struggle to handle the various differences their students and faculty embody, the problem of “hate speech” has become a focal point of educational erudition and policy-making. In the most deliberate and alarming cases, hate speech is projected to degrade or disgrace those at whom it is directed, usually colored people, gays, lesbians, the physically or mentally challenged, and women, regardless of their sexual orientation, race, religion or ability. Less disturbing examples include insensitive or careless comments, jokes, and other expressions that are painful to those to whom they are directed, regardless of the intent of the person by whom they are spoken or written. The main focus of this essay is to discuss the current dominant structure within which the matter of hate speech is being debated. This structure draws heavily on the discussion of the Fourteenth and the First Amendments, which in my opinion are not adequate to the issue of hate speech. There is a pressing need for extra-legal standards for communicative interaction to handle this sensitive issue. Main Body In our society various laws have been invoked to regulate an increasingly extensive range of social communications. The very language with which we percept and talk about our needs, desires and disagreements is often highly legalistic (Glendon 1991). When reacting to someone else’s hurting experience, one may lament that there should...
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...THE INFLUENCE OF SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS ABSTRACT The study aimed at finding out the influence of the environment on students' academic performance in selected secondary schools in Origbo Community ,Ife North Local Government Area. The need for the study arose from the fact that much as educators, policymakers and the general public have always wanted students’ academic outcomes to improve, the results in Origbo Community show that some schools have continued to register poor performance in National Exams. It was therefore important that a study be conducted to establish the extent to which the environment affects students' academic performance. The research sought to determine whether school infrastructure, instructional materials and teacher quality influence students’ academic performance(environmental factors) in any way affected academic performance of students. A cross sectional design was employed with a sample size of 302 senior four students who were randomly selected from eight secondary schools. Questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data from students while an interview guide was used to gather qualitative data from teachers and head teachers. The study also employed an observation checklist. The quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics in form of frequency counts and percentages; and inferential statistics using the t-test and ANOVA technique to...
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...decentralization (p.94-96). In decentralized firms, top management plans strategy, while subordinate managers coordinate and control operating activities (p.97). 66. What was the New Use Developed For ROI? J&K indicate that ROI was used to delegate responsibility and allocate funds, i.e., capital (p.98). (Note: Technically, responsibility can be assigned, but not delegated. The authority to act on one's behalf can be delegated as when someone is hired to do a tax return, but the taxpayer is still responsible.) 67. Success of multi divisional firms depends on the management accounting system to perform three task better than the capital markets. What are they? 1. Provide strong profit incentives for managers. 2. Internal audits that link performance to causes. 3. Develop monitoring and measuring procedures to help allocate cash flows to high yield uses, i.e., measure the effectiveness of capital rationing choices (p.99).Thus, the management accounting system provided a mechanism to evaluate general...
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...in their covenant with GOD by emulating SAN LORENZO RUIZ' steadfast faith and unwavering devotion to God, and by advocating Christian Values. The school enhances academic excellence in every San Lorenzonian by establishing relevant, responsive, and technologically-oriented academic and non-academic programs; and by continuously upgrading competent and committed teachers whose dedication in their academic profession is beyond compare. VISION SAN LORENZO SCHOOL envisions itself as an agent of change and as a producer of productive citizens of this country who in the near future will actively participate in the economic prosperity, national development, and social transformation through excellence in teaching and community involvement. SCHOOL PHILOSOPHY AND GOAL: San Lorenzo School, a reputable center for youth education, strongly believes that quality education is extremely essential to the growth of the nation and its people. Although co-educational and non-sectarian, it provides teaching about Christian Living to students regardless of their religious affiliation. With a balanced and well-planned academic program in pre-elementary, elementary, and high school levels, its academic strength is maintained by highly competent teachers and administrators, effective instructional materials, rigid academic supervision, and better facilities. For over 35 years, the school has proven that it is a helpful partner to the parents in developing their children by consistently...
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...reputation of the organization and their effect on the organization’s relationship with employees, investors, and customers. A variety of relevant books and modern journal articles were used to research on this subject. The review of these articles and books revealed that corporate social responsibility initiatives play a fundamental role in building the image of the company as well as strengthening the organization’s relationship with its customers. Ethical programs on the other hand guide employee actions and in effect minimize any points of conflict that may arise within the workplace thereby increasing workplace efficiency and overall employee productivity. Ethical programs also ensure that financial reporting abides by the stipulated standards. This ensures that the information contained in financial reports is reliable and therefore increases investor confidence and strengthens the relationship between them (investors) and the organization. It is therefore critical that our organization develops ethical and corporate citizenship programs that can be implemented and monitored and necessary adjustments made. This would see our organization reap the benefits that come with having these programs in place. Introduction...
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...specifies the distribution of rights and responsibilities among different participants in the corporation (such as the board of directors, managers, shareholders, crors, auditors, regulators, and other stakeholders) and specifies the rules and procedures for making decisions in corporate affairs. Governance provides the structure through which corporations set and pursue their objectives, while reflecting the context of the social, regulatory and market environment. Governance is a mechanism for monitoring the actions, policies and decisions of corporations. Governance involves the alignment of interests among the stakeholders. There has been renewed interest in the corporate governance practices of modern corporations, particularly in relation to accountability, since the high-profile collapses of a number of large corporations during 2001–2002, most of which involved accounting fraud. Corporate scandals of various forms have maintained public and political interest in the regulation of corporate governance. In the U.S., these include Enron Corporation and MCI Inc. (formerly WorldCom). Their demise is associated with the U.S. federal government passing the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in 2002, intending to restore public confidence in corporate governance. Comparable failures in Australia are associated with the eventual passage of the CLERP 9 reforms. Similar corporate failures in other countries stimulated increased regulatory interest (e.g., Parmalat in Italy). Other definitions ...
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...except for quotations and citations which have been duly acknowledged. I also declare that it has not been previously or concurrently submitted for any other course/degree at Help University College or other institutions. The word count is 10,758 words. ii _____________________ Pham Thuy Ly 28 March, 2011 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This project would not have been made possible without the assistance, support and encouragement of many people. I wish to take this opportunity to thank all the people who have helped me during the time of completing this study. I would like to express my deep gratitude to my supervisor Dr. Le Van Lien, International School, Vietnam National University Hanoi. He has kindly helped me and supported me all the way through. I also would like to express my thank to Ms. Sumathi and Ms. Shenba, Help University College, who initiated the project and give so much instruction and support. Additionally, I also would like to extend my special thanks to managers, accountants, my friends, and other people who have help me to carry out the survey. I want to thank them for all their support, interest and valuable hints. PHAM THUY LY iii CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN VIETNAM; A STUDY OF ITS IMPORTANCE By PHAM THUY LY March 2011 Supervisor: Dr. Le Van Lien ABSTRACT CSR is currently an important and necessary issue for everyone and business organizations in the world, as well as in Viet Nam. CSR concept has been developed for several decades in the world, but in Viet Nam...
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