Describe the biophysical, ecological, economic and sociocultural factors that explain the nature, spatial patterns and future directions of a global economic activity you have studied
INTRO
The factors that explain the nature, special patters and future directions of viticulture include the biophysical, ecological, economic and socio-cultural factors.
BIOPHYSICAL FACTORS
The ideal temperature for growing grapes depends on the type of grape. For growing white grapes, ideally the temperature should be 19°C and for red grapes, 21°C. Reaching this ideal temperature is important because it is how the vine produces the sugar needed for plant growth, which influences the colour and flavour of the grape. The scientific reason for this temperature requirement is due to the enzymes involved in sugar production, and the ideal working temperature for these enzymes. Insolation refers to the level of solar radiation; this has an impact on the rate of photosynthesis and therefore affects the amount of plant growth. For this reason there is a certain longitude where grapes grow best.
Aspect affects the amount of sunlight received on the vineyard. In the southern hemisphere north and west facing slopes are ideal as they receive more sunlight. Excessive wind results in grapes being damaged and vines become stressed, if there are strong winds it can break off shoots and cause damage which results poor growth and decreasing levels of photosynthesis. Vines generally require approximately 700mm of rainfall per year, if the natural rainfall falls below this irrigation and other technologies are used to supplement the natural rainfall, for this reason a reliable source of water is needed, such as the Hawkesbury River in the case of Tizzana. Heavy rainfall damages the grapes and increases humidity and disease, for this reason it is important to grow grapes only in areas where the