...Failures Paper Charles Persinger University of Phoenix POS/355 Jeff Rugg April 28, 2014 Simply put, distributed computing is allowing computers to work together in groups to solve a single problem too large for any one of them to perform on its own. Distributed computing is not a simple matter of just sticking the computers together. For a distributed computation to work effectively, those systems must cooperate, and must do so without lots of manual intervention by people. This is usually done by splitting problems into smaller pieces, each of which can be tackled more simply than the whole problem. The results of doing each piece are then reassembled into the full solution. As handy as a distributed system can be there are a there are four main issues you could face: Operating system failures, Hardware Failures, Omission Failures and Byzantine Failures. Crash failures are caused across the server of a typical distributed system and if these failures are occurred operations of the server are halt for some time. Operating system failures are the best examples for this case and the corresponding fault tolerant systems are developed with respect to these affects. Hardware failures used to be more common, but with all of the recent innovations in hardware design and manufacturing they tend to be fewer and far between with most of these physical failures tending to be network or drive related. With more hardware the probability goes up that there will...
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...Failures Adam Cain POS/355 2/6/2014 Randy Shirley Failure is not an option! This is what I have been told growing up and while I served in the Marine Corps, but as I found out in this assignment, failure is an option. This holds true when talking about a distributed system, which is a computer network like a Wide Area Network (WAN) or a Local Area Network (LAN). Distributed systems is defined as a software system in which components located on networked computers communicate and coordinate their actions by passing messages (Coulouris, Dollimore, Kindberg, & Blair, 2012). This allows the computers or even devices like smart phones and tablets, to share resources like printers, hard drives, and even internet access. A centralized system is a computer that is by itself, one that is not connected to a laptop. Think of a centralized computer as one of the spy computers in movies, like Mission Impossible. These systems can and will fail, while sharing some failures; a distributed system has more components that could fail, leading to them having more problems. There a many things that could fail on a distributed system, this paper will cover four of them, starting with hardware failure. Video cards, network access card, hard disk drives, solid-state drives, memory, and power supply units (PSU), these are all pieces of hardware that are in most of the computers sold today, and they can all die at a moment’s notice. Some of these items, if they failed would not...
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...Failures of a Distributed System POS/355 July 25, 2013 Failures of a Distributed System In the words of Adam Savage from Mythbusters, “failure is always an option”. This holds true when talking about a distributed system, which is a computer network like a Wide Area Network (WAN) or a Local Area Network (LAN). Distributed systems is defined as a software system in which components located on networked computers communicate and coordinate their actions by passing messages (Coulouris, Dollimore, Kindberg, & Blair, 2012). This allows the computers or even devices like smart phones and tablets, to share resources like printers, hard drives, and even internet access. A centralized system is a computer that is by itself, one that is not connected to a laptop. Think of a centralized computer as one of the spy computers in movies, like Mission Impossible. These systems can and will fail, while sharing some failures; a distributed system has more components that could fail, leading to them having more problems. There a many things that could fail on a distributed system, this paper will cover four of them, starting with hardware failure. Video cards, network access card, hard disk drives, solid-state drives, memory, and power supply units (PSU), these are all pieces of hardware that are in most of the computers sold today, and they can all die at a moment’s notice. Some of these items, if they failed would not affect the network or distributed system at all, like a video card...
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...|[pic] |Syllabus | | |College of Information Systems & Technology | | |POS/355 Version 9 | | |MU12BIT08 | | |Introduction to Operational Systems | | |Wk 1 June 10 | | |Wk 2 June 17 | | |Wk 3 June 24 | | |Wk 4 July 01 | | |Wk 5 July 08 ...
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...JAN REVIEW PAPER Directly observed therapy and tuberculosis: how can a systematic review of qualitative research contribute to improving services? A qualitative meta-synthesis Jane Noyes1 & Jennie Popay2 Accepted for publication 29 September 2006 Jane Noyes DPhil MSc RN RSCN Professor of Nursing Research, Co-Convenor Cochrane Qualitative Research Methods Group University of Wales, Bangor, UK Jennie Popay MA Professor of Sociology and Public Health, Co-Convenor Cochrane Qualitative Research Methods Group Institute for Health Research, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK Correspondence to Jane Noyes: e-mail: jane.noyes@bangor.ac.uk 2 1 N O Y E S J . & P O P A Y J . ( 2 0 0 7 ) Directly observed therapy and tuberculosis: how can a systematic review of qualitative research contribute to improving services? A qualitative meta-synthesis. Journal of Advanced Nursing 57(3), 227–243 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006.04092.x Abstract Title. Directly observed therapy and tuberculosis: how can a systematic review of qualitative research contribute to improving services? A qualitative meta-synthesis Aim. This paper reports the findings from a qualitative meta-synthesis concerning people with, or at risk of, tuberculosis, service providers and policymakers and their experiences and perceptions of tuberculosis and treatment. Background. Directly observed therapy is part of a package of interventions to improve tuberculosis treatment and adherence. A Cochrane systematic review...
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...2009 REPORT TO CONGRESS of the U.S.-CHINA ECONOMIC AND SECURITY REVIEW COMMISSION ONE HUNDRED ELEVENTH CONGRESS FIRST SESSION NOVEMBER 2009 Printed for the use of the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission Available via the World Wide Web: http://www.uscc.gov dkrause on GSDDPC29 with K1 VerDate Nov 24 2008 08:23 Nov 10, 2009 Jkt 052771 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 6012 Sfmt 6602 M:\USCC\2009\52771.XXX APPS06 PsN: 52771 M:\USCC\USChina.eps Report Documentation Page Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for the collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to a penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. 1. REPORT DATE 3. DATES COVERED 2. REPORT TYPE 01 NOV 2009 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 00-00-2009 to 00-00-2009 ...
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...Operating System Analysis Paper Team A: , POS/355 August 25, 2012 Demetrius Fluker University of Phoenix Operating System Analysis Paper When ruminating over which operating system for a home, business, or office computer or network of computers, it is vital to evaluate all areas of the different operating systems options. The key system options to compare and contrast when evaluating Microsoft Windows XP, Microsoft Windows Server 2003, and Linux operating systems are to consider the system requirements, the different editions available, security features, system features, updates and support, user interface, and cost effectiveness. Moreover, the best fit operating system can be determined depended on the individual’s or organization’s needs. Operating System Requirements Windows XP The system requirements for Windows XP Home Edition and Professional Edition are the same. These requirements are a PC with a 233 megahertz or higher (a 300 megahertz + processor speed is recommended), 64 megabytes (MB) of RAM or higher (128 MB is recommended), 1.5 gigabytes (GB) of available hard drive space, a video adapter and monitor that is Super VGA (800x600) or higher-resolution, CD/DVD-ROM drive, keyboard, and mouse/pointing device. The Windows XP Starter Edition has different system requirements. These are 233MHz processor or better, 256 MB of RAM, Super VGA (800x600) video adapter and monitor, CD/DVD-ROM drive, keyboard, mouse/pointing device, DirectX 9 graphics with 32 MB...
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...Business Plans Handbook Business Plans A COMPILATION OF BUSINESS PLANS DEVELOPED BY INDIVIDUALS NORTH THROUGHOUT AMERICA Handbook VOLUME 16 Lynn M. Pearce, Project Editor Business Plans Handbook, Volume 16 Project Editor: Lynn M. Pearce Product Manager: Jenai Drouillard Product Design: Jennifer Wahi Composition and Electronic Prepress: Evi Seoud Manufacturing: Rita Wimberley Editorial: Erin Braun ª 2010 Gale, Cengage Learning ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored, or used in any form or by any means graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web distribution, information networks, or information storage and retrieval systems, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission of the publisher. This publication is a creative work fully protected by all applicable copyright laws, as well as by misappropriation, trade secret, unfair competition, and other applicable laws. The authors and editors of this work have added value to the underlying factual material herein through one or more of the following: unique and original selection, coordination, expression, arrangement, and classification of the information. For product information and technology assistance, contact us at Gale Customer Support, 1-800-877-4253. For permission to use material...
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...Construction Management and Economics (May 2004) 22, 347–356 The development of the construction legal system in China LAM YOW THIM and CHEN ZONGGUI School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore Received 2 December 2002; accepted 29 May 2003 China has been developing at an amazing speed since it carried out reform and open-door policy in 1978. Construction industry is playing a leading role in the rapid Chinese economic development. At the same time, China has also worked hard to encourage overseas investors to expand their investment in the construction industry. With its development over the years, China has established a legal system for governing construction activities. To participate in such a major market in the world, it is important to understand the legal system governing it and the impact of China’s joining the World Trade Organization. The Chinese construction laws and practice are still very different from the international norm. If foreign participants are to make a success out of doing business in China, they must understand the Chinese way of life. Particularly, they must prepare to adapt to an environment where new rules are created as circumstances and situations change. Keywords: Construction laws, legal system, construction industry, China, foreign investment, foreign designers and contractors, World Trade Organization (WTO) Introduction China has been developing at an amazing speed since it carried out...
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...Review of Warehouse Receipt System and Inventory Credit Initiatives in Eastern & Southern Africa Final report commissioned by UNCTAD under the All ACP Agricultural Commodities Programme (AAACP) *The views expressed in this paper are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations September 2009 CONTENTS CONTENTS ............................................................................................................................................. i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .....................................................................................................................iii GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................. iv GLOSSARY OF ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................................................. iv SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................................ 1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 1 Observations on the different approaches ......................................................................... 1 Policy conclusions and recommendations ........................................................................ 3 Specific proposals .....................................................................
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...SPECIAL ARTICLE Challenges to Financial Inclusion in India The Case of Andhra Pradesh S Ananth, T Sabri Öncü Focusing on the institutional challenges to financial inclusion in Andhra Pradesh, this paper argues that it is the inability of formal financial institutions to meet the specific needs of the poor that has enabled informal service providers to fill the vacuum. Without a paradigm shift, especially on the part of banks, financial inclusion is bound to fall short of expectations. It proposes that the banking sector should look at efforts to expand inclusion not as a capital cost or as a charitable expense, but as a long-term investment in the future. The soundness of such an investment is borne out in the success of individual business correspondents in some districts of the state. 1 Introduction The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect views of the Centre for Advanced Financial Research and Learning. S Ananth and T Sabri Öncü (Sabrioncu.cafral@rbi.org.in) are with the Centre for Advanced Financial Research and Learning, Mumbai. Economic & Political Weekly EPW inancial inclusion has become central to Indian policymaking over the past few years and various attempts have been made to expand its scope. Despite these attempts, the challenges to financial inclusion remain formidable. These attempts and challenges have to be not only examined in the context of an increasingly globalised economy, of expanding markets...
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... Monroe, Louisiana 71209 Phone (318) 3421224, e-mail: dunn@ulm.edu Publsihed in the Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship, Vol. 22, No. 1, pp 1-22. 1 Abstract The study of entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship has resulted in a great deal of information about who entrepreneurs are and how who they are impacts their behavior. This paper presents additional insight into who entrepreneurs are and how their characteristics relate, and how those relationships might impact their behavior. We have studied selected entrepreneurial characteristics and their relationship to optimism, realism, and pessimism. The study shows that some entrepreneurial characteristics are positively related to optimism and realism and negatively related to pessimism. Key Words: Entrepreneurship, Psychology, Entrepreneurial Characteristics, Optimism, Realism, Pessimism 2 Entrepreneurial Characteristics, Optimism, Pessimism, and Realism – Correlation or Collision? Introduction There is a common argument among researchers regarding if entrepreneurs are optimistic, and if optimism relates to other characgteristics of entrepreneurs. The purpose of this paper is to explore and examine the relationship between entrepreneurial characteristics, optimism, realism, and pessimism. For many years, researchers have identified unique characteristics of entrepreneurs – confidence, independence, being in control, risk taking, creativity, just to name a few. Literature has also discussed...
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...The Australian Industry Group Business prospects in 2013: Australia’s gap year? februAry 2013 national CEo survEy: Principal contact person for this report: Julie Toth Chief Economist THE AUSTRALIAN INDUSTRY GROUP Direct Tel: (03) 9867 0124 Julie.Toth@aigroup.asn.au This report was produced with financial support from the Government of Australia’s Productivity, Education and Training (PET) Fund. © THE AUSTRALIAN INDUSTRY GROUP, 2013 The copyright in this work is owned by the publisher, The Australian Industry Group, 51 Walker Street, North Sydney NSW 2060. All rights reserved. No part of this work covered by copyright may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means (graphic, electronic or mechanical) without the written permission of the publisher. ISBN 978-1-921768-44-6 2 Ai Group National CEO Survey 2013 Business prospects in 2013 Australian Industry Group National CEO Survey Business prospects in 2013: Australia's gap year? Ai Group National CEO Survey 2013 Business prospects in 2013 3 Key messages Business prospects in 2013: Australia's gap year? The Australian economy is going through significant change, with multiple, long-term forces restructuring our economy (such as global growth shifts and our own demographic changes), and ongoing challenges in our immediate outlook (such as the high Australian dollar and our relatively high business cost base). Recent drivers of growth are waning, with capital investment by the mining industry due to peak soon...
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...Unintended Pregnancy And Induced Abortion in Colombia CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES Elena Prada Susheela Singh Lisa Remez Cristina Villarreal Acknowledgments This report was written by Elena Prada and Lisa Remez, both independent consultants; Susheela Singh, Guttmacher Institute; and Cristina Villarreal, Fundación Oriéntame. Haley Ball edited the report, and Kathleen Randall supervised layout and production; both are at the Guttmacher Institute. The authors thank the following current and former Guttmacher Institute staff members for providing assistance at various stages of the report’s preparation: Fernanda Abella, Suzette Audam, Akinrinola Bankole, Ann E. Biddlecom, Patricia Donovan, Gustavo Suarez and Jonathan Wittenberg. They also appreciate the valuable input of the following external reviewers: Deborah Billings, University of South Carolina; Teresa DePiñeres, University of California, San Francisco; Sandra García, Katherine S. Wilson and Rebekah Horowitz, all of the Population Council, Mexico; Pío Iván Gómez, Universidad Nacional de Colombia; Ana Cristina González, independent consultant, Colombia; Guillermo López-Escobar, Academia Nacional de Medicina, Colombia; Axel Mundigo, Senior Fellow, Guttmacher Institute; Melanie Peña, Gynuity; María Isabel Plata, Profamilia, Colombia; Mónica Roa, Women’s Link Worldwide, Colombia; and Luis Távara, Federación Latinoamericana de Sociedades de Obstetricia y Ginecología. In addition, the project benefited from invaluable advice and...
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...PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND GLOBALIZATION: ENHANCING PUBLIC-PRIVATE COLLABORATION IN PUBLIC SERVICE DELIVERY New Delhi, India 7 October 2003 In cooperation with the Eastern Regional Organization for Public Administration United Nations Division for Public Administration and Development Management Department of Economic and Social Affairs Public Administration and Globalization: Enhancing Public-Private Collaboration in Public Service Delivery New Delhi, India 7 October 2003 In cooperation with the Eastern Regional Organization for Public Administration United Nations New York The opinions expressed herein are the responsibilities of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the United Nations nor the Eastern Regional Organization for Public Administration All rights reserved. Table of Contents Foreword Pro-Poor Policy Processes and Institutions: A Political Economic Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . M. ADIL KHAN The Dilemma of Governance in Latin America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . JOSE GPE. VARGAS HERNANDEZ Institutional Mechanisms for Monitoring International Commitments to Social Development: The Philippine Experience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MA. CONCEPCION P. ALFILER Globalization and Social Development: Capacity Building for Public-Private Collaboration for Public Service Delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . AMARA PONGSAPICH Trade Liberalization and the Poor: A Framework for Poverty...
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