Farm Animals

Mr. Jones- The owner of Manor Farm and a drunk. His animals decided to overthrow him in the Rebellion. When he tries to recapture his property, the animals defeat him, steal his gun, and drive him off again. Mr. Jones ended up dying in a home for alcoholics in another part of the country.
Old Major- Old Major- A prize Middle White boar, very wise and his appearance is sharp. Major is highly respected among his fellow farm animals. He is twelve years old , which makes him a senior among the other animals and he also claims to have had over four hundred children. He is the one who calls the meetings and discuss his dreams he has in the first chapter. Major claims to “understand the nature of life on this earth as well as any animal now living” (28). Months after his death, the pigs dug up his skull and placed it at the base of the flagpole beside the gun.
Mollie- The white mare that draws Mr. Jones’s trap. Her personality is superficial and adolescent. For example, when she arrives at the big meeting in Chapter 1, Orwell writes, “Mollie … Came mincing daintily in, chewing a lump of sugar. She took a place near the front and began flirting her white mane, hoping to draw attention to the red ribbons it was plaited with” (27). Mollie is the only animal not to fight in the Battle of the Cowshed, instead hiding in her stall. She eventually flees the farm and is last seen, bedecked in ribbons, eating sugar and letting her new owner stroke her nose..
Napoleon- One of the leaders among the pigs, Napoleon is a “large, rather fierce-looking Berkshire boar” that is up for sale. He is the only Berkshire boar on the farm. He is “not much of a talker” and has “a reputation for getting his own way” (35). Napoleon expels Snowball from the farm and takes over. He modifies his opinions and policies and rewrites history continually to benefit the pigs. Napoleon awards special privileges to the pigs and especially to himself. For example, he dines on Mr. Jones’s fine china, wears Mr. Jones’s dress clothes, and smokes a pipe. As time goes on, Napoleon becomes a figure in the shadows, increasingly secluding himself and making few public appearances. Eventually, Napoleon holds a conciliatory meeting with the neighboring human farmers and effectively takes over Mr. Jones’s position as dictator. Napoleon has a greed for power. Napoleon the pig represents Stalin in his constantly changing policies and actions, his secret activities, his intentional deception and manipulation of the populace, and his use of fear tactics and atrocities.
Benjamin- The donkey. He is the oldest animal on the farm and stereotypically stubborn and crotchety. He is also intelligent, being the only animal (aside from the pigs) that can read fluently. He never laughs, preferring to make cynical comments, especially the cryptic line, “donkeys live a long time.” Despite Benjamin’s unfriendly nature, he has a special affinity for Boxer. The Rebellion does not change Benjamin’s personality, although he eventually helps the animals read the lettering on the side of the van and the maxim that replaces the Seven Commandments. Benjamin holds fast to the idea that life is inherently hard and that efforts for change are futile.

Russia Revolution
Czar Nicholas II- Nicholas II ruled from 1894 until his abdication on 2 March 1917. His reign saw Imperial Russia go from being one of the foremost great powers of the world to economic and military collapse. Critics nicknamed him Bloody Nicholas because of the Khodynka tragedy, Bloody Sunday, the anti-Semitic pogroms, his execution of political opponents, and his pursuit of military campaigns on a hitherto unprecedented scale.
Karl Marx- The philosopher, social scientist, historian and revolutionary, Karl Marx, is without a doubt the most influential socialist thinker to emerge in the 19th century. Although he was largely ignored by scholars in his own lifetime, his social, economic and political ideas gained rapid acceptance in the socialist movement after his death in 1883. Until quite recently almost half the population of the world lived under regimes that claim to be Marxist. This very success, however, has meant that the original ideas of Marx have often been modified and his meanings adapted to a great variety of political circumstances. In addition, the fact that Marx delayed publication of many of his writings meant that is been only recently that scholars had the opportunity to appreciate Marx's intellectual stature.
Vain, selfish people in Russia and world- Some people did not care about the Revolution. They only cared about themselves and even left the country to live in other countries that offered more for them.
Skeptical people in Russia and outside Russia- The Russian people were not sure the revolution would change anything. They realized that a crazy leader could call himself communist. They knew that communism would not work with power. In 1905, Russia’s people were losing faith in Nicholas II, the Russian Tsar. In that same year, Russia was defeated by the Japanese in number of navy battles. Yet the one event that unleashed mass action and set Russia on the path to revolution was the shooting of hundreds of unarmed demonstrators. This happened in St Petersburg on the 22 of January 1905. This massacre was named 'Bloody Sunday' and triggered a wave of massive demonstration and strikes throughout the empire