...1950’s Men and Today’s Men The gender role theory “posits that boys and girls learn to perform one's biologically assigned gender through particular behaviors and attitudes” (Boundless, 2015). The environmental causes of gender roles and the impact of socialization are emphasized by the gender role theory. The social role theory postulates that the social structure is the underlying force in determining gender roles. The social role theory also states that the division of labor between two sexes within a society drives sex-differentiated behavior. The division of labor is what created gender roles, which eventually, led to social behavior that could be defined as being gender specific in nature. Over the years, these roles would transform to adapt to the expectations of society’s current males. One popular trend of gender roles that has been commonly studied is workplace roles. For decades, men were viewed as the sole provider; therefore, the wife’s duties did not exceed past her home. She was in charge of caring for her husband, their children, and their home. Men were supposed to go to work every day to provide for their family, adequately meet all of their needs, and be someone that his children can look up to. In the 1950’s, men were coming back from war, and the women had filled the positions left open by men going off to World War II. During the 1960’s, known as the hippie era, gender roles began developing in a more neutral and equal manner, “but media still tried to...
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...Do what you wanna do! “It’s your thing, do what you want to do! It is Crazy how this quote could truly describe the 1965-1975 era in so many ways. Around this time many things were happening like African American trying to earn true inequality in civil rights movements, free spirited hippie era and the closing of the Vietnam War. Many of those events that happened in that decade has been prolific in are day in age now and the strides in development in our country today. The cultural arts in this time period were creative but also very powerful. The way they dressed, and music that was listened to reflects to who they were and what they represent and allowed them to express themselves. . The 1960’s was a major part of American history in so...
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...Showcased Through Fashion Photography Fashion photography started in the late 1800’s and has become one of the most highly respected types of photography in todays’ society. Many people look towards fashion photography as a way to express themselves. This type of photography is showcased all around the world. Fashion photography is a complex process that shows the revolution of social changes through the decades. Fashion photography started in 1839 when photography was first introduced to the world. The earliest ever recorded fashion photography was in 1850 or 1860, for documenting fashion for the Parisian fashion house. Fashion photography is all about capturing what is within the photo from the clothes that...
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..." " " " " " " " " The Liberation Of Women Through Fashion by Hubert de Givenchy " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " " Selvi Thangarajah Arth 701: Contemporary Art Professor Holly Goldstein Spring 2015 Thangarajah 2 " In the 1950-60’s when WWII had just come to an end and the men were returning home from war, the women were being forced out of their industrial jobs. The baby boom was at an all time high and women were expected to quit their jobs and be full time homemakers1. It was during this time that Hubert De Givenchy was just starting out on his own as a couturier in Paris and was know to have a minimalistic and unconventional style. His aim during the 50’s and into the 60’s was to help empower women through their clothes and break down the feminine ideals of grace and beauty, abandoning the stereotypes associated to them. He allowed for the flexibility of the female identity through his multiple creations of contrasting silhouettes that were rather rebellious and unconventional at the time that it was being made. Hubert De Givenchy was born on 21st february 1927 in Beauvais, France. Hailing from a very prosperous family, Hubert went on to attend college at Beauvais before moving to Paris to pursue his dreams of being a couturier. In 1944 he joined the couture house of Jacques Fath while attending school at Ecole Des BeauxArts2. Later in the 40’s he took a series of jobs as an assistant designer—first with...
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...production-oriented strategy lead M&S to gain immense market share and strong brand loyalty however, this could only take them so far. In a market place where retailers were moving to a more consumer-oriented strategy, M&S struggled. Unable to provide fashion conscious clothing that the younger consumers desired, it lost significant market share and became known only for its good underwear and clothing targeted at older conservative women (Flynn, 1998). Today the company is trying to vigorously recapture their market by being more consumer-oriented and aware of their competition. They are taking measures to understand and listen to what their customers want and also to realize that the customer has evolved from when they started out in the industry. They have put in place several new strategies to appeal to the new consumer. From campaigns with noted celebrities, to striving to be the world’s first GREEN retailer, supplying fair trade products and being the conscious Corporate Social Responsible Company (Corporate.Marks and Spencer, 2011). M&S was recently ranked 5th in the top 10 UK retailers for 2010-2011 (Retail week, 2011) and acknowledged as a “top family brand” for 2011 by ad agency Isobel and Yougov (Baker & Costa, 2011). This is an exciting time for the M&S marketing team as they strive to appeal to new segments while ensuring that they do not alienate their current base of loyal customers. As this report will show, the current core M&S consumers are affluent...
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...were born in 1946 than ever before in the United States of America. Statistics indicate that 3.4 million people were born, which is 20 percent more than in 1945. This was the beginning of the so-called “baby boom.” In 1947, another 3.8 million babies were born and more than 4 million were born every year from 1954 until 1964. By then, there were 76.4 million “baby boomers” in the United States. They made up almost 40 percent of the nation’s population. So by definition baby boomers are the large number of people born worldwide between 1946 and 1964. History The Great depression and the World War II had just ended. This was the time when two of the most dreadful events of the world took its break. People who had postponed marriage during the Great depression and World War II had begun to consider starting a family. According to statistics between 1940- 1945, only 8% of women opted out of having babies. They started doing so because they began to think that the future holds comfort and prosperity. In a way they were rite. The then “American dream” was met by the passing of the GI bill on June 1944. Due to this, loans for homes and farms were made available to GIs at low interest rates, and low or no down payment was provided, which meant that it was cheaper to buy houses in suburban areas than to rent an apartment in the city. Hence people began to buy lands in the outskirts of cities and due to that the suburban population grew. By 1960, suburban baby boomers and their...
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...History of the Bra Shanna Averre ENG 215 Professor G’Fellers Spring 2010 Abstract When discussing fashion women often talk about the amazing dress they picked up or the sexy peep toe heels that they just couldn’t bare to pass by, however, very often does one think of the bra and its impact on fashion history. A necessary evil in most women’s lives the “over the shoulder boulder holder” has been around since ancient times in some form or another. Before the invention of the brassiere women were suffocating in corsets that resulted in crushed rib cages and damaged reproductive organs. But in 1914, Mary Phelps Jacob changed all that by stitching together the very first bra. The rest, they say, is history. History of the Bra Each and every day millions of women wake up and reach into their dresser drawer to choose the bra she will wear for the day. Sometimes careful thought is put into which one to choose based off color, texture, or function and sometimes no thought is put into it at all as she wears whatever she grabs first. “We put a bra on every morning without thinking about it,” Cherry Berry, author of Hoorah for the Bra, said. “It’s so much more than an undergarment. It’s so rich in history (Randle, 2009).” The bra has a long history that is intertwined with women’s social status, fashion evolution and the ever-changing views of the body. The bra is often looked at as an object of seduction, glamour or oppression, however, its development throughout...
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...it was not long after graduating where her career soon became to fall into place. Barbara, “entered and won a competition in London for beachwear in 1955, which began her career in fashion as a freelance fashion illustrator, working for various magazines like Vogue, Tatler and Women’s Wear Daily”. () These magazines would be considered mentors to Hulanicki as they were her stepping stone into the world of fashion. “Barbara was influenced by Art Nouveau and Art Deco,” () Art Deco is used mostly in household object and in architecture. Hulanicki loved to make household objects, like couch cushions and even sold them in her boutique “Biba". Art Nouveau is characterized by, “linear designs and flowing curves based on natural forms”. Barbara’s designs were elegant, simple and fit the natural form at the time which was a slim fit for women. In 1963 Barbara and her husband, Stephen founded Biba. Barbara Hulanicki helped connect youth culture to fashion. Fashionable clothing was not targeted to the youtnger generation and it was to expensive for any teenager to purchase. Barbara made it clear that a person does not need to be wealthy to look fashionable. The evolution of Biba started extremely fast and ended the same. In 1964, “Biba began as a small mail-order business featured in the fashion columns of newspapers such as the Daily Mirror” (). The mail order business was up and coming in the United States and Barbara and her husband wanted to take advantage. Barbara’s husband...
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...Interdisciplinary Approach Unit #9 Final Project Tijuana Hutcherson December 21, 2012 On this day of February 21, 2325 (Historically the same day of the famous leader Malcolm X’s assassination) my fellow archaeologists and I have come across and discovered an astonishing, fascinating and historical find. Within the same vicinity of other remarkable discoveries, for example; finding all the remaining pieces to what eventually turned out to be a famous stadium called “Yankee Stadium”. There was also a finding of an old fashioned newspaper clipping with the title” HIV Cure Found” in what appeared to be the year of 2030. My fellow archaeologist and I found an item with a note stating this is a “time capsule’, which had a branded label of “The 60’s….We Rocked” on it. After much investigating and thought as to how we could open this container and what is needed to do so, we finally managed to open this capsule. Inside this capsule we found five extremely secured items that conveniently came with brief explanations of what they are and of what time they came from. The Five items consisted of; (1) One small compact, of which held some sort of medicated pills. (2) A plate that is labeled “VIN Plate” and has writing to describe what was considered a VIN plate to a vehicle. (3) Three small, flat and round shaped items that appear to be disks or albums. (4) A picture that was protected in a sealed packet of a man and a woman in a car. This picture labeled, “Day of JFK assassination”...
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...Women are beautiful By Maria Batrakova Group 21 D Free and beautiful, that was how one of the greatest innovators of photography, Garry Winogrand, pictured women. (Here you can see a photo of him: http://imgur.com/AjnXCe6) Due to Art Blart (Art Blart, 2011) he was considered as one of the most distinguished photographers of the twenties-century in America. Winogrand's amazing exhibition includes 85 spontaneous photographs taken between 1960 and 1975 in and around New-York city. (Series of his photographs provided with the following links: http://imgur.com/jNApIzk, http://imgur.com/fY51U1d, http://imgur.com/aTd0ImL, http://imgur.com/R1Jd7J7, http://imgur.com/K1cJdwO, http://imgur.com/MNQWicg) During the 60's the attitude to women totally changed. Inner and outer freedom were explicit, in some ways, sexually explicit. “Prince of the streets” depicted this social transformation better that someone else. Lola Garrido called famous photographer “the maestro of the moment”: “In short, Winogrand catches with his camera every detail by composing and giving natural meaning to the representation.” (Garrido, 2014). But the gifted photograther found the way in which beautiful creatures express their sexuality through their gestures, hairstyles, clothes and some other interesting features, he avoided naked pictures. Richard Woodward writes in his article the following: “Winogrand didn't dress these women in tight sweaters or pant suits, or apply their hair and make-up. Their clothing...
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...Which Subcultures influence to modern fashion 1 Contents. Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………………3 Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………......4 Chapter 1. Cholo subculture………………………………………………………………...4 Chapter 2. Psychedelia of hippies……………………………………………....5 Chapter 3. Bloomers. Sport style………………………………………………..7 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………………………..10 List of references…………………………………………………………………………………10 List of figures………………………………………………………………………………………11 2 Abstract Fashion is dynamic - it constantly changes. Moreover, some people choose the behavior or lifestyle influenced by fashion trends. Each subculture strive to create their own, such as to disassociate itself from the conventional, to preserve its originality and identity. However, some subcultures have other, and creating their own distinctive culture, they develop and enrich human culture in general. This article examines the relationship between few subcultures and the currently fashion through an analysis of Cholo subculture, psychedelia of hippie and sport style. Since the time of 20s century designers drew inspiration from street fashion and various subcultures that have their own unique style. 3 Introduction According to the 'Oxford English Dictionary online' defines a...
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...chain is one of them. The Zara fashion chain, founded in 1975 in Arteixo, is perhaps the world's most successful clothing chain. Zara has helped its parent, the Spanish firm Inditex, grow from obscurity in the mid. 90’s to the world's third largest pure-play fashion retailer after the Swedish H&M and US-based Gap Inc. with financial performance well ahead of these rivals. With 1021 shops, at 13.04.2007, in 55 countries, Zara appears to have found the formula for success: Give the public what it wants, at the lowest possible price, in the shortest time possible. In order to think about how the firms achieve sustainable advantage, it's useful to start with two concepts defined by Michael Porter: operational effectiveness and strategic positioning. (I) OPERATIONAL EFFECTIVENESS According to Porter, the reason so many firms suffer aggressive, margin eroding competition, is because they've defined themselves according to operational effectiveness rather than strategic positioning. Operational effectiveness refers to performing the same tasks better than rivals perform them. Everyone wants to be better, but the danger in operational effectiveness is in "sameness". At its heart Zara is building on a vertically integrated demand and supply chain, while most other textile chains rely on outsourcing and cheap labor in China. It enables company to short turnaround times and achieves greater flexibility, reducing stock to a minimum and diminishing fashion risk to the greatest possible...
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...PRESENT SCENARIO OF DENIM INDUSTRY IN BANGLADESH PRESENT SCENARIO OF DENIM INDUSTRY IN BANGLADESH A REPORT ON PRESENT SCENARIO OF DENIM INDUSTRY IN BANGLADESH PREPARED FOR: MD. ATIQUL AKTAR General Manager, Sales and Marketing Evince Textiles Ltd. PREPARED BY: NAYEEM ABANTY HUQUE DATE OF SUBMISSION: 14. 05. 2015 May 14, 2015 Md. Atiqul Aktar General Manager, Sales and Marketing Evince Textiles Ltd. Subject: Submission of the report Dear Sir, It is an honor and great pleasure for me to submit my report on “The Present Scenario of Denim Industry in Bangladesh”. During the process of preparing the report, I have studied relevant secondary data from different websites in internet. Thanking you for your supervision. Yours truly Nayeem Abanty Huque TABLE OF CONTENTS No | Contents | Page No. | 1. | Executive Summary | 6 | 2. | Abstract | 7 | 3. | Scope of the Study | 8 | 4. | Objective of the Study | 8 | 5. | Literature Review | 9 | 6. | Methodology of the Study | 9 | 7 | Denim Definition | 10 | 8. | Types of Denim | 12 | 9. | Application of Denim | 14 | 10. | Denim Industry Overview | 15 | 11. | International Market Analysis | 16 | 12. | Share Of Purchases | 17 | 13. | Denim Market Share Compared to Others | 18 | 14. | Top Purchase Drivers for Denim Jeans Shoppers | 19 | 15. | Denim Apparel Export | 20 | 16. | Import Of Denim | 22 | 17. | Denim Manufacturing Companies | 24 | 18. | Capacities...
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...companies, are fashion forward at lower price retailers, and have a strong international expansion strategy. 1. Zara offers clothing and accessories for men, women, maternity, children, and baby. Zara offers trendy clothing choices designed based on international apparel tastes. In Brazil, Zara has 28 stores out of which 9 are in São Paulo. About 80% of Zara’s clothing is produced in the perimeter of Spain and its headquarters. 2. Lojas Renner is a Brazilian clothing and apparel department store chain that operates with 129 stores in 17 states of Brazil and 18 stores in the city if São Paulo. The target customer segment for Lojas Renner is women between 18 and 39 years old. Their stores are always located in strategic points where there is a great flow of the public such as shopping malls. They focus to compete with local, national and international retailers in offering fashionable products. About 6% of the clothing sold is imported from China, Pakistan, India, Argentina and Uruguay. Lojas Renner has three distribution centers in Brazil; one in Palhoça (Santa Catarina), another in São Bernardo do Campo (Grande São Paulo) and another in Jaboatão dos Guararapes (Pernambuco). The transportation is done by road to the different stores. 3. C&A is an international clothing and apparel chain which is considered to be the biggest department store chain in Brazil. They offer clothing and apparel for men, women and children. The company operates 170 stores in more than 60 cities throughout...
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...PARSONS 2012–2013 CATALOG ACADEMIC CALENDAR 2012-2013 ABOUT PARSONS PROGRAMS OF STUDY PROGRAM REQUIREMENTS FACULTY ADVISING ACADEMIC POLICIES AND PROCEDURES REGISTRATION FINANCIAL INFORMATION STUDENT LIFE OTHER UNIVERSITY POLICIES ABOUT THE NEW SCHOOL 1 ACADEMIC CALENDAR 2012-2013 FALL 2012 Registration April 2–27 (Registration (Most new for continuing students) students register over the Aug. 20–24 (Registration summer for the fall term) for transfer students and late registration for continuing students) . Classes Begin Mon., Aug. 27 Last Day to Add a Class Mon., Sept. 10 Last Day to Drop a Class Tues., Sept. 18 Last Day to Withdraw From a Class With a Grade of W Undergraduate Fri., Oct. 12 Students Parsons Graduate Fri., Oct. 12 Students All Other Graduate Tues., Dec. 18 Students Holidays Labor Day Sat., Sept. 1–Mon., Sept. 3 weekend: Rosh Hashanah: Sun., Sept. 16 eve*–Mon., Sept. 17 Yom Kippur: Tues., Sept. 25 eve*–Wed., Sept 26 *Sunday and Tuesday classes scheduled for 3:50 p.m. or later do not meet. No classes meet on Monday and Wednesday. See rescheduled days below. Thanksgiving: Wed., Nov. 21–Sun., Nov. 25 Winter Break: Wed., Dec. 19–Fri., Jan. 25 Makeups and On Tuesday, Nov. 20, Rescheduled Days classes will follow the Wednesday schedule. On Tuesday, Dec. 18, daytime classes will not meet. Spring 2013 Registration Nov. 5–30 Juries Arranged by program Classes and Exams End Tues., Dec. 18 Online Session A Aug. 27–Dec. 18 Online Session B Aug. 27–Oct. 26 Online...
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