...with the complications of prison overcrowding. Finally the comparison of today’s prison to the prisons of the past. The penitentiary era changed using the Quaker’s system converting the Walnut Street jail into use instead of using the older method of stocks, flogging, and public humiliation. This was a more humane way to deal with the individuals who chose to break the laws set before them. The inmates were able to work on crafts to keep themselves occupied and their sanity level was maintainable. The mass prison era changed the ways of the jail to a prison in which there were more solitude and less rehabilitation. Inmates were not allowed to speak to make contact with each other, but vocational job training was introduced. Not until the reformatory era was the idea of education introduced into prisons to allow children and adults to become educated with incarcerated. Also the ability for early release for good behavior was introduced. The industrial era introduced prison work labor. Inmates within the prison system would create goods for the public for a minimal wage. The punitive era did away with the industrial aspect of prisons. The ability for education became a luxury, and maximum security prisons were built. As the restrictions became harsher the more riots and escape attempts there were. After the punitive era ended the treatment era began, introducing the need for rehabilitation and treatment for the inmates. The need for re-introduction into society brought about...
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...Prison System Comparison Patricia A. McCart CJA/234 October 18, 2010 Justin Smith Prison System Comparison Individual Assignment: Prison System Comparison Paper Prepare a 1,050 to 1,400-word paper in which you Introduction History of the state prison The state prisons today were founded on the basis of the 1700s to 1800’s during the Age of Enlightenment. The English correctional facility referred to as a “gaol,” commonly known as a jail. They housed men, women, children, the mentally ill along with the civil and criminals. The individuals suffered from idleness, diseases, despair and malnutrition. The gaols were maintained by local authorities, classification did not exist, and the purpose of gaol was to detain or hold people for court (Foster, 2003). The “Department of Corrections,” houses all adult felons throughout the state. The adult felons include those on probation as well as on parole, including juveniles who are on a work release program, in halfway house facilities, group homes, training schools, or from a special facility. The state operates jails and juvenile detention facilities holding pretrial prisoners in smaller populations and promotes “Community Corrections Act.” This approach combines state, local and private correctional agencies with a non-secure correction service. History of federal prison, (describe and analyze both systems) Prisons today are maximum security prisons. Federal prisons confining individuals convicted...
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...Jail and Prison Comparison Paper Jennifer Williams CJA/234 February 10, 2015 Jail and Prison Comparison Paper There are a lot of confusing when people think that a jail and prison is similar, there is a big difference. Once you have been arrested, jail is the first place that you are taken to by police officers. I depend on your charge and sentencing by the court system, if you will be spending time in the jail or going to prison for a long time. A description of jail’s Place in correction and its role throughout history. According to Seiter (2011), jail are correction facilities that are used to detaining criminal before they can be judged in a court of law. After law enforcement officers has taking a criminal to jail the mainly focus is to keep the criminal off the street until he/she can see the judge and determining if the criminal be stay detain or release. If a person is sentencing a year or less they will mostly send their time in the local jail until there sentencing is up. Compare to a prison a person that sentence two to life there time to be served in a prison cell. Due to the expose to highly communicable disease like people with high risk of suicide, and mental issues, the risk is dangerous. Criminal that have less than a year in jail, usually just try to stay out of trouble do they time and get back into society. About seventy-five percent that release from jail goes right back in less than six-month to a year. While on probation they do something and...
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...Comparison of Jails and Prisons Jail is usually the first place a criminals go once arrested by law enforcement. “Jails hold only about one-tenth of all offenders under correctional supervision, yet admit approximately four times as many offenders each year as all other correctional components combined” (, ). Jails intentions are to protect the public and citizens of each county by housing criminals and keep them off the streets. Majority of people cannot tell the difference when people say a criminal goes to jail when in reality he should be going to prison. There is confusion with serving time in jails and prisons. Jails are local operational correctional facilities that detain accused criminals before or after a judgment or verdict (Seiter, R., 2011). Jails usually house these criminals for no more than a year. The difference between jails and prisons is that jails are for short sentences oppose to prisons were criminals usually are incarcerated for longer periods. “The average length of stay for a jail is fifteen to twenty days, much less than the average thirty-six month length of stay within a prison”( Seiter, R., 2011p.78 p.2). Sheriffs usually operate the county jails in the different counties of each state and serve as holding of inmates before sentenced. When criminals arrested, get to the jail they will get booked, wait until they receive their sentence or bail out of jail, and await trial. Those criminals that cannot afford to post bail usually stay in...
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...Running head: PRISON COMPARISON PAPER Federal Prison Comparison Paper Jessica Cantu University of Phoenix Introduction to Corrections CJA 234 Jeffery Newton November 12, 2011 Federal Prison Comparison Paper There are different kinds of state prisons are: supermax, maximum security, close-high security, medium security, minimum security, and open security. Supermax prisons are permanent lockdown. Maximum security prisons are usually older, larger, walled facilities. They also have the most rigorous security procedures and the lowest inmate to guard ratio. Close-high security are a kind of maximum security but less restrictive and the inmate to guard ratio is a bit higher. Medium security prisons are smaller and newer, and have double fences instead of walls. These prisons also have dorm or pod housing rather than cells; however, the inmate to guard ratio is a bit higher. Minimum security prisons are also newer and smaller as well as minimal perimeter security and fewer internal controls. Again there is an even higher inmate to guard ratio and the inmates live in rooms or dorms and have more privacy and amenities than those in other prisons. Open security prisons are better known as nonsecure facilities; work release centers, prerelease centers, and halfway houses. These facilities have no armed guards and no fences (Foster, 2006). John Gotti John Gotti grew up in poverty but quickly rose in prominence, and was one of the crime family's biggest...
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...Jail and Prisons Comparison Paper Marcus Alexander CJA/234 Introduction to Corrections June 23, 2014 Sherri Webster Jail and Prisons Comparison In the U.S. criminal justice system, when a person is arrested, the first place they are usually taken to is jail. From there, they see a judge and go through a court process. If further incarceration is needed, the individual is sentenced to serve time in either a county jail, state prison or federal prison. This paper will help discuss the history behind the jails and their use in addition to the history of state and federal prisons. While understanding the history of these three correctional facilities it will help to compare the different levels of security and how they work differently in each facility. A major problem in the United States, regarding the corrections system, is overcrowding. The effects of overcrowding are visible throughout the criminal justice system and there are different factors that influence the growth of jail/prison incarceration. The jails of the modern era can be traced back to the 1100’s in England. The first jail created was ordered built by King Henry II in 1166, and the English term gaol was used in place of the word jail (Seiter, 2011). Jails then were also used, as they are now, for the purpose of housing offenders that were waiting for trial, but also took in individuals who were homeless, poor or suffered from mental disabilities. Individuals that are incarcerated in...
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...Jail and Prison Comparison Jesus Rodriguez University of Phoenix Jail and Prison Comparison There are four types of prisons in the United States prison system. These are federal and state prisons. Along with counties and military. According to the Federal Government their federal prison system was established in 1930, it was to provide better way to care for inmates and rehabilitate them back into society. Along with a better work environment for all staff associated with the prison. Today they have 117 prison institutions that are located all over the United States. Where I live there are 2 Federal Prisons approximately an hour away in the towns of Atwater and Mendota. There are also approximately 217,000 inmates currently serving their sentences, if a lock up facility. Which is around 82% of them, the other 18% are housed in community based facilities or in jails. Just like any other institution they protect the community by keeping these felons locked up, while keeping a low cost to tax payers to help these facilities run. As well to reduce the recidivism rate with a number of different programs to assist inmates with their rehabilitation back to the community. As an officer I have visited our local federal institutions we have, and that is a system I would not want to work in. It’s bad enough that you are outnumbered 100 to one; all you have for protection is a radio. I commend those officers who work those halls. An officer was killed a few years back...
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...Jail and Prisons Comparison Paper Jose Salmeron CJ234 July 8, 2014 University of Phoenix Jail and Prisons Comparison Paper Jails and prisons they are all the same. Actually a jail and a prison are different in many ways. A jail is considered the most misunderstood segment of the correctional system. Out of all the correctional components in the in the United States, a jail is the oldest. Jail house individuals who have just been arrested, awaiting sentence, or have been sentenced to only a few months. Throughout the history of corrections, jails have had a major role. Like jails state and federal prisons have had their own history as well. Although jails, stated and federal prisons all hold criminals, there are some similarities and differences between the three. Today the population of the correctional have grown since the first institutions were established. The original reason for a jail was to detain offenders, who were awaiting trial. As history has shown the role of jails have changed throughout time. Jails are the most underrated component of our criminal justice system. The role a jail has within the correctional system, can be considered the most important. Jails are correctional facilities that operated locally. Meaning a jail is ran by a city or the county. A jail serves a variety of functions, and also hold a variety of offenders. Individuals awaiting trial, sentencing, or pending arraignment, are held in a jail. Violators of bail, probation...
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...In this paper it will be discussed about the history of jail’s and their place in correction and it’s role throughout history. It will be discussed from the time of King Henry in 1166 to 1995 speaking of the Just Dessert. It will also be discussed the comparison and similarities of the security levels in jails, state prisons and federal prisons, what makes them different or alike. Lastly, it will be discussed about the political policies in place to why there is growth in our criminal justice system. The first jail was created by King Henry the II in 1166 that was created by King Henry specifically for holding offenders for trial, however it became where it was being used hold individuals that were either poor or mentally Ill. John Howard found the jails to be a disgrace and found that the living conditions were inhumane to the criminals because of its filth. This is when John Howard and the English House of Commons created the Act of 1779 which was four requirements needed to be met and they are, (1) secure and sanitary structures, (2) systematic inspections, (3) abolition of fees charged to inmates, and (4) a reformatory regime in which inmates were confined in solitary cells but worked in common rooms during the day.” (Corrections an introduction) The U.S. soon began to follow the Act of 1779 known as the English model. In 1790 the first prison was established and it was called the Walnut Street Jail located in Philadelphia. This is where the concept of confinement and rehabilitation...
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...operated prisons provide services, the structure and form of oversight and accountability to insure punishment is just and fair, and the measurement of cost and efficiency. To be sure, many of these issues are crucial even in the absence of a privatization debate. However, because there are impassioned proponents and opponents on both sides of the issue, the prison privatization literature has provoked both earnest debate and fractious polemic. One might expect that the importance of this topic would have elevated prison privatization research and encouraged the funding of large scale studies. In fact, there are very few studies comparing privately and publicly operated facilities. Segal and Moore (2002) identified about 23 U.S. cost comparison studies and fewer quality studies. Many of those studies were of questionable value. The most recent review, a meta-analysis by Lundahl et. al. (2009) only identified 12 studies of cost and quality meeting their criteria for sound methodology. Even with this limited set of privatization studies, different reviewers have come to opposing conclusions about what the research literature shows. Of the five reviews I cover, three conclude there is no difference between the cost and quality of private and public prisons, and two conclude private prisons are quite a bit cheaper to operate, and produce a similar level of quality. At the end of this...
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...State and Federal Prison Systems Traci McGahey CJS220 May 25, 2014 Professor Gillespie State and Federal Prison Systems State and Federal prisons have been evolved over the years and house inmates convicted of committing crimes and sentenced to incarceration, usually over one year. State and Federal prisons are similar in various ways with few differences. There is always some sort of conflict going on behind the scenes about changes that some feel should be implemented into the prison systems while there are others that feel other changes are more important. The prison systems are always changing and will continue to change as years go by. State and Federal prisons serve the same purpose of housing inmates who have committed some sort of crime. Federal prisons are ran by a federal agency and house inmates convicted of violating federal laws, such as bank robbery, treason, forgery, drug trafficking, most crimes considered “white collar” crimes. State prisons are ran by a state agency and house inmates convicted of violating laws put in place by each state, for things such as burglary, grand theft, assault with a deadly weapon, homicide and other gun and sex related crimes. The other major differences in federal and state prisons are the number of facilities that there is the security levels that there are and the amount of time that a prisoner has to serve of the sentence they were given. There are more state prisons than federal, federal facilities have higher levels...
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...Federal Prison Comparison “If you do the crime, you must do the time,” this statement has been heard in terms of a person being convicted for breaking a law. One is well aware of the law, but when continuing to break it, then they must face the fact that they will be brought to justice. In this paper, there are eight people of focus, such as: Martha Stewart, Ivan Boesky, Michael Milken, Manuel Noriega, Timothy McVeigh, Terry Nichols, Al Capone, and John Gotti. Although there crimes vary we will look at the similarities and difference. Martha Stewart In 2004, Mrs. Stewart was sentenced to five months of federal prison for lying to investigators about a stock sale. She was sent to Alderson Federal prison camp to serve a portion of her sentence. The Prison she was sent to was founded in 1927. It was the first women prison in the United States. It was established for the basic purpose of rehabilitating women criminals. It is a minimum-security prison in 159-acre facility. It has the capacity to hold 1050 prisoners, which has no barbed wire on the fences surrounding the camp and the prisoners have schedules and each one must work. Most who are sentenced here have committed white-collared crimes and non-violent crimes. The inmates there sleep in bunk beds in two large dormitories. These quarters hold 500 plus inmates. It also “Follows a punitive rather than a rehabilitative model.” Ivan Boesky Ivan Boesky was an American stock trader that was found to be involved in a scandal...
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...Federal prison comparison Christopher Gault CJA/234 December 19, 2011 Rollin Cook Federal prison comparison In this paper describe the prisons that certain individuals were sent to. I will make sure I compare and contrast the similarities and differences between these individuals. The individuals I will be discussing are Martha Stewart, Ivan Boesky, Michael Milken, Manuel Noriega, Timothy McVeigh, and Terry Nichols. All of these individuals were convicted of Federal crimes and sent to a Federal prison to serve their time. Martha Stewart was assigned to the minimum security women's prison in Alderson, W. Va., known as "Camp Cupcake." It is called that because it is a very low security prison and your time spent there should be easy. The West Virginia federal correctional facility is located in the hills of the Allegheny Mountains; this prison is more than 400 miles south of Stewart's Westport home. Martha Stewart wanted to go to a prison closer to her home so she could be close to her elderly mother. The low security facility was opened in 1927 as the first federal prison for women, Martha wasn’t the first big name to spend time at the facility. The prison once housed Billie Holiday, as well as Lynette Fromme and Sara Jane Moore. Both of these women tried to assassinate President Gerald Ford. The prison has no perimeter fence, and inmates can spend their free time playing volleyball and tennis or even doing aerobics. So that explains why they call it “Camp Cupcake”...
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...Prison System Comparison The purpose of state prisons and federal prisons is to confine offenders who commit an illegal act (breaking the law) against society. State prisons are for offenders who commit a criminal act or acts within that particular state. The federal prisons are for offenders who commit white-collar crimes, for political criminals, illegal aliens, and such. Both the state prisons and the federal prisons have different levels of security, depending on the crime committed and the seriousness of the crime- causing physical harm to someone or self, murder, rape, drug trafficking, and so on. The state prisons and the federal prisons considers the institutional needs of each inmate, called the initial classification, a determination on the level of security an inmate needs. Classification “determines what prison he will be sent to, what security level he will be housed in, what his work assignment will be, and what programs he will be allowed to take part in,” (Foster, 2006, p. 160). State prisons hold the majority of inmates compared to that of the federal prisons, at various levels of security. These levels of security include open security facilities to super-maximum security prison, differing slightly between the state prisons and the federal prisons. Both the state and the federal prisons deal with overcrowdings and inmates and staff suffer with safety and health issues. Because of the “War on Drugs,” more, and more people are sent to prison serving...
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...highest incarceration rate throughout the world, with around 700 people per 100000 population and according to the US Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS), around 2.2 million adults were incarcerated in the US federal and state prisons, and county jails in 2013. The main reason is because of high-occurrence rate of criminal deviance happened. Based on the research, races and classes are two main factors caused criminal deviances. And based on the historical data, white and black arrested rate for murder and robbery are almost the same while white arrested by forcible rape and forgery more (Around 70%). But there’s a significance difference in population of race since the report of population in 2013 showed that 72.4% of population is white alone and only 12.6% of population is black alone, which means black race has the higher criminal rate. And among the violent crime in the US, the assaults stay the highest and murders stay the lowest throughout the history. Both rates per 100,000 population committed assault and robbery crimes varied a lot throughout the history and reached the peak in 1990’s and both rates of rape and murder stayed relatively the same throughout the history. With the high requirements and costs (Around $30,000 per inmate/year) of prisons to hold these inmates, the cash-strapped states start to give their prison operation industry to private prisons. The modern private prison business first emerged and established itself publicly in 1984 when the Corrections Corporation...
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