...V.M. Thumar***, K.A. Patel**** Navsari Agricultural University Navsari Email: ruchira.shukla@nau.in Contact No.: 9725018793 Abstract: Women are critical to a growing rural economy, especially in developing countries such as India. The empowerment of women is most important for the development and growth of the country. Motivating women and bringing them into the mainstream of development is a major concern for the Government of India. Women empowerment is a process in which women challenge the existing norms and culture, to effectively promote their wellbeing. Empowerment of women means developing them as more aware individuals, who are politically...
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...IRJC International Journal of Social Science & Interdisciplinary Research Vol.1 Issue 8, August 2012, ISSN 2277 3630 SCENARIO OF PRESENT EDUCATION SYSTEM: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF HARYANA AND ITS NEIGHBOURING STATES KAMLESH GAKHAR*; HARJEET KOUR** *Associate Professor, Institute of Management Studies and Research, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India. **Junior Research Fellow, Institute of Management Studies and Research, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India. ABSTRACT Education has been made too easy for the students so that more and more students can enter into the scope of education system of the country. The announcements like abolishing compulsory CBSE board exams for class 10th from the session 2010-11, introduction of grading system, the passage of Right of Children to free and Compulsory Education Bill, reservation policies etc. are a few among them. Now the question arises as to what extent such efforts in the field of education have succeeded in different states of the country. Haryana is the state with a contribution of 3.7% in the total GDP of India. This present study will throw light on the education system of Haryana, with a comparative eye on its neighbouring states. An analysis of the educational achievements of these states from different angles will help the experts and the researchers to know how far we have gone in achieving our targets and what needs to be done. Along with this, a comparison of the literacy rates and...
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...This has caused a problem in the Indian labor market, in that the general educational level of the labor force that lies between ages of 15 and 59 years is very low. In 2010, India had a working population of 431 million people out of which 29% were illiterate. Also, about 24% possessed an education below primary or only primary education and only about 17% had a secondary and higher education. Ramachandran and Chatterjee (2013, p. 32) stated that while India is the second most populated country in the world, with a current population of about 1.21 billion with an average population growth rate of 1.41%, this is a clear indication that this population will increase more with time. When looking at the age structure, people who are 15-64 years old make up 65% of India's population and only 30% being under 15 years of age. This clearly indicates that India is composed of a rather young population. As per the 2011 census, literacy levels stand at around 74.04% and this is a significant progress from the 14.5% rate at the time of India’s independence in 1947, though the census still reveals that the adult literacy rate in India was more than 11% lower than the average World Adult Literacy Rate of 84% (Census of India, 2011c, p.101). Despite major reforms and programs intended to develop the education system, India is still struggling with low rates of illiteracy, especially in the country’s rural parts. Different states have been experiencing different rates of increase in literacy levels...
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...MANAGEMENT ROHTAK Socio Economic Transformation of India Skewed Sex ratio- Improving the socio-economic fabric of India Submitted By: Section A Group No. 3 INDEX Abstract 3 Introduction 3 Global Trend 3 Indian Trend 4 State-wise analysis 4 Sex-ratio indicators 6 Child sex ratio 6 Sex ratio at birth 7 Son preference 7 Mortality differentials 8 Social Implications 8 Brought women 9 Polyandry/abduction 9 Social fabric 10 Crime rates 10 Economic Implications 10 Labor force 11 Unorganized sector 12 Consumer Power 13 Economic status 13 Policy Constraints 14 Recommendations 15 Immediate strategy 16 Short term strategy 19 Long term strategy 20 Role of NGO’s 22 What needs to be done 24 The future 25 References 25 Abstract The rise of boy child population in India for the past twenty years parallels the experience of other Asian Countries such as China and South Korea. There were 945 girls per 1000 boys in 1991, 927 in 2001 and only 914 in 2011. India’s increasing number of rich class seems to have increased the practice of sex selection in the new technology promoted by private health sector. The new technology has aggravated the social problem of bias against girl child and continues to have caused the drastic reduction in the proportion of female children. This article focuses on appeal to government...
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...Status of children in India India has the largest number of children in the world. More than one-third of the country's population is below 18 years. Millions of children in India grow up uncared for, condemned to miserable conditions. They live in abject poverty without any sort of medical treatment, education or food. The status of children in India is very alarming. India has made some significant commitments towards ensuring the basic rights of children. There has been progress in overall indicators: infant mortality rates are down, child survival is up, literacy rates have improved and school dropout rates have fallen. But the issue of child rights in India is still caught between legal and policy commitments to children on the one hand, and the fallout of the process of globalisation on the other. Over the last decade, countries across the world have been changing their existing economic models in favour of one driven by the free market, incorporating processes of liberalisation, privatisation and globalisation. The direct impact of free trade on children may not leap to the eye, but we do know that globalised India is witnessing worsening levels of basic health, nutrition and shelter. Children are suffering as a result of social sector cutbacks/policies and programmes and development initiatives that deprive communities and families of access to and control over land, forest and water resources they have traditionally depended on. The negative fallout is visible: children...
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...India is the largest democracy in the world with a population of 1.21 billion (census of India, 2011). The country comprises of 29 states and 7 UTs with diverse social and cultural contexts. Various national development programs are being planned and implemented under a federal structure whereby both the Centre and the State share the responsibility and the resources. One amongst them is the Education, which was not always a shared responsibility rather was a State subject where the Centre played only the role of advisor. When India got independence in 1947, the literacy rates at that time were very low, with only 27% male and 9% female population as literates (Census of India, 1951). The reason for this was the education system followed by...
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...ABSTRACT Gender is a common term where as gender discrimination is meant only for women, because females are the only victims of gender discrimination. Females are nearly 50 percent of the total population but their representation in public life is very low. Recognizing women’s right and believing their ability are essential for women’s empowerment and development. This study deals with gender discrimination in India, its various forms and its causes. Importance of women in development, legislation for women and solution for gender discrimination are also discussed in this paper. Key Words: gender discrimination, women’s development, legislation for women, education, employment, economic independence, empowerment, decision making and self confidence. GENDER DISCRIMINATION AND WOMEN’S DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA Introduction Gender is a common term where as gender discrimination is meant only for women, because females are the only victims of gender discrimination. Gender discrimination is not biologically determined but it is determined by socially and the discrimination can be changed by the proper and perpetuate efforts. Denial of equality, rights and opportunity and suppresment in any form on the basis of gender is gender discrimination. Half of the world’s population is females. They are doing two-third of work of the total work in the world but received only one-tenth of the world’s total income. Nearly two-third of the women is...
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...In India, today, women appear to rule the roost. India as a nation is revered in a feminine form i.e. ‘the Bharat Mata’, the first citizen of our country presently is a woman, many important government posts are occupied by women and educated women are pouring into the professional workforce with profound implications for national and multinational corporations. However, ironically, these are accompanied by news about dowry killings, female infanticide, domestic violence against women, sexual harassment, rape, illegal trafficking and prostitution and myriad others of the same ilk. Gender discrimination prevails in almost all areas, be it social, cultural, economic or educational. An effective remedy for these evils needs to be sought in order to ensure the Right to Equality guaranteed by the Constitution of India, to the fairer sex. Gender equality facilitates the empowerment of women. Since education begins at home, the upliftment of women would be accompanied by the development of the family, the society and in turn, would lead towards a holistic development of the nation.Among these problems the foremost that needs to be addressed is the atrocity committed against females at birth and during childhood. Female infanticide i.e. killing of the female child is still a common practice in many of the rural areas. Further female foeticide is common in some parts of India, despite the passage of ‘Prenatal Diagnostic techniques (Prohibition of Sex Selection) Act in 1994. In case they...
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...................................................................................16 8. Interesting information gathered from the survey...............................19 9. Estimates of Sampling Errors.......................................................................19 10. References........................................................................................................20 Exhibits....................................................................................................................21 Gym Survey Report - Bangalore 2010 ii Appendix Appendix 1: Institutes In India Providing Fitness Certifications........................1 Appendix 2: Fitness Equipment Manufacturers in India.....................................10 Appendix 3: Major Fitness Equipments Brands In India (Imported)............14 Appendix 4: Nutritional Supplement Manufacturers in India...........................16 Appendix 5: International Nutritional...
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...INDIA: A critical analysis on the influences of gender on educational opportunities The discussion in this paper will focus on the influences being female has on educational opportunities in India. It is important to note that that there are issues for males in accessing education, particularly those from the poorest backgrounds, and that childhood and schooling differs depending on the era and location of birth as well as the culture into which you are born. However, educational opportunities in India tend to be greater for boys, especially those from wealthy backgrounds, and this should be the same for all children regardless of their class, caste, gender and socio-economic background (Gasterland, 2009). In India ‘[w]ide spread poverty and discriminatory cultural practices [particularly places] the girl child at a serious disadvantage that starts at conception and extends throughout her life’ (Kumar et al, 2007: 7). The essay will discuss the effects of early marriage, school infrastructure, opportunity costs and safety on girls’ educational opportunities whilst considering culture, poverty and government policy. Examples from the southern state of Kerala and the northern state of Bihar will be used to try to gain an understanding of why some girls are able to access schooling; as they demonstrate vast differences in male to female pupil ratios within schools. This can be noted in the fact that in 2004/05 the southern state of Kerala had an enrolment rate in of ninety-eight...
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...India, the second most populated country in the world is an extremely diverse, multi lingual and culturally pluralistic nation. It comprises of various religions, cultures, cultures within cultures and people from different strata of society living together. However, India has had an unstable colonial past and it is still growing and developing economically, socially, politically and culturally. Currently, it is faced with poverty, illiteracy, and infant mortality, underdevelopment, overpopulation and corruption. In spite of that, India is one of the world’s fastest growing economies and is finding its place on the Global stage. Demography plays a vital role in determining a country’s stand in terms of economic, social and cultural development. Currently, the major theme in Indian demography is its transition. In my paper, I will discuss India’s demography and analyze the various reasons for why it is such. I will also talk about the consequent implications the current demographic characteristics have on Indian society. India gained its independence from the British Empire on 15th August, 1947. What followed immediately after independence was the beginning of a tragic, violent and turbulent phase in India’s history. India was partitioned into two nation states – India and Pakistan. There were mass migrations, voluntary and involuntary, from one country to another. It was one of the largest migrations to be recorded in human history. An estimated 14.5 million people...
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... Child Brides in India Improving Child Nutrition – The achievable imperative for global progress – UNICEF REPORT 17th-April-2013 Key fact and figures on nutrition 17th-April-2013 Trends in Divorce in India UNICEF REPORT: Water Situation in India- Situation and Prospects Khap Panchayat: Tradition v. Modernity Gender Discrimination and child abuse Child Mortality In India- UN Report 2012 Urban Mental Health in India Global Hunger Index -2011 Anemia in Urban India 10th-September-2011 Still Births in India 16th-April-2011 2011 Provisional Census Figures of Kishanganj 9th-April-2011 Sex Ratio in Bihar- 2011 Census 9th-April-2011 Census of India- 2011: A Provisional Report Paediatric HIV/AIDS in India 2nd-December-2010 India’s Progress towards MDG Goals: Report 30th-November-2010 Clean Birth Kits- Potential to Deliver 30th-November-2010 NASSO Report – 2008-09 23rd-November-2010 HIV and Drug Abuse in India 26th-July-2010 Indian States Poorer than African nations: UNDP 15th-July-2010 Changing Gender Roles 06th-July-2010 Gender Bias in Health Concerns in India 06th-July-2010 Status of Sanitation in Cities in India 12th-May-2010 Situational Analysis of Young Children in Delhi 7th-May-2010 The State of the World’ Mothers 2010 Report 5th-May-2010 Waste Management in India 3rd-May-2010 Unorganized Labor Trends in India-ILO Report 3rd-May-2010 Right to Education Act 5th-Apr-2010 World Urbanization Prospects: 2009 29th-Mar-2010 Crimes...
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...the sexes causes more societal ills than almost any other factor in the developing world. The gap in male and female primary schooling around the world needs to be narrowed, to the point where both girls and boys can sit together in classroom without having the obstacles of poor funding, bias, and poverty corner them out. Many strides have been made in education gender equality since the end of World War Two. The amount of girls frequenting schools, even in the least-developed of nations, has exponentially risen rapidly over the last five decades. Industrialized nations in the western hemisphere have achieved “maximum education equality for girls,” while in the still-emerging expanses of the Middle East, Pacific Asia, and South America, girls are slowly, yet steadily, catching up to their male counterparts in their census department (Medel-Anonuevo 4). In other regions of the world, however, gender equilibrium in education still leaves a lot to be desired. The often-stereotyped arenas of Sub-Saharan Africa and India struggle to meet the yearly standard for equality as set by UNESCO, while growth in Baltics and Central Asia has stuttered for a decade. There remain one-hundred million minors around the world that still lack primary schooling, and of this number, a head-hanging sixty-percent are girls. Nations such as Yemen, Nepal, and Afghanistan have “half the female literacy rates” than that of...
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...EDUCATION REFORMS- SIGNIFICNACE OF RIGHT TO EDUCATION Current ministry of human resource and development- kapil sibal Budget- rs.31,036(US $-7.05 billion)(2009-2010) Literacy2001 Total- 66% Male-76.9% Fem-54.5% • Ayurveda is the earliest school of medicine known to the world and 'charaka' is known as the father of Ayurveda. He developed this system some 2500 years back. • Takshila was the first university of world established in 700 B.C. • Nalanda University, built in 4 AD, was considered to be the honor of ancient Indian system of education as it was one of the best Universities of its time in the subcontinent. • Indian language Sanskrit is considered to be the mother of many modern languages of world. • Place value system was developed in India in 100 B.C. • India was the country, which invented number system. • Aryabhatta, the Indian scientist, invented digit zero. • Trigonometry, algebra and calculus studies were originated in India. CURRENT CHANGES IN EDUCATION 2010 At first, the HRD ministry has allowed the entry of the Foreign Universities to set-up campuses on Indian shores to boost higher education for top B-school students. While on the other hand, a revolutionary change in taking the educational system of CBSE in conformation to the international standard aptly serves the interest of primary education. 1) Education Bill Regulating Entry of Foreign Universities. 2) Introduction of International syllabus in CBSE. ...
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...production. This statement, which forms the crux of Malthusianism, argued for greater birth control measures to keep population in check. The 19th century, though not without its problems of population related urbanization, didn’t see Malthus’ premonition come to fruition and his argument seemed to have been laid to rest, albeit for half a century when in the wake of unshackling of slavery’s yoke by very many nations in the post war world, it was resurrected by the aptly named neo-Malthusians, including the likes of Paul Ehlrich (the Population Bomb) and the Paddock Brothers (Famine 1975! America's Decision: Who Will Survive?) Influenced by Soviet ideas, India was the first country to have an official population control policy in 1951. While the numbers would say that the policy hasn’t been successful, India has a population of 1.25 billion, the country has, by serendipity or by plan, reached a stage where the potential of its large population and the structure of it has become an important weapon in the country’s growing economic arsenal. The Demographic dividend, as this weapon is popularly called, depends on the make-up of the population, particularly on the dependency ratio, which is the number of dependents in a population (Age 0-14 and 65 above) as a part of the working population. As of 2015 this ratio stands at 0.52 1 and with declining fertility and child mortality rates this could fall as low as 0.48 in the next decade. What this number promises is...
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