...(Online) Male Rape: The Unseen World of Male Rape By Aliraza Javaid1 Abstract This research explores the phenomenon of male rape and how the police recognise it, together with uncovering male rape myths in a local police force. Whilst male rape research is expanding, it was found that the police have a lack of knowledge, understanding, awareness, and specialised training of male rape. Therefore, police officers’ attitudes, ideas, views, perspectives, and beliefs on specific topics pertinent to male rape are discussed. This project also seeks to comprehend gender expectations and stereotypes of men, so as to comprehend the prevalence of male rape, the negligence of male rape, and the under-reporting/recording of male rape. Moreover, because male rape is a part of sexual violence, feminist theory is used as a foundation for this project, since feminism seeks gender equality. Ultimately, this research emphasises the need for the police to adequately manage male rape victims and take male rape seriously, without any negative attitudes, ideas, views, perspectives, and beliefs. 1 MRes Social Sciences www.internetjournalofcriminology.com 1 Internet Journal of Criminology © 2014 ISSN 2045 6743 (Online) Contents Page 1.0 Introduction............................................................................................................3 2.0 Male Rape Victims in the Criminal Justice System...............................................4 3.0 The Police and Policing Male Rape..........
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...seen as political equals. The second wave deals more on establishing the sexual rights of women; its aim was to de-sexualize and de-objectify women and treat them as more than domesticated human beings (DuBois, 1971). But with the rise of the modern age comes the age of New Feminism, a feminism where a woman’s point of view is being emphasized (Sommers, 1994). Since the New Feminism puts an emphasis on the woman, modern feminists often disregard the standpoint of men, putting to naught the objective of Old Feminism, which is equality. Modern feminists have even reached a point of quarreling with women who don’t share their own viewpoint of feminism. The problem presents itself here because the rise of New Wave feminism is cultivating a culture of counter-productivity due to its sexist, ironic nature and its nature of anti-equality. But this idea of counter-productivity is not shared among these feminists, which is why it is important that we hear their side as well. Modern feminism, or gender feminism, purports a new sex/gender system wherein their perspective of oppression claims that gender struggles are more evident when seen through this lens. New wave feminists claim that all men have a personal and collective vendetta against them and modern feminism has this role to satisfy and protect women against this more radical form of oppression whereas the old wave...
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...services, due to its convenience and cheaper fare rides than taxis. However, this expansion has led to several faulty background checks on drivers that resulted in several rape incidents. Since Uber is a cheaper way of moving around, drivers have to put more hours of work and tend to be from low to middle class backgrounds. Uber has provided so many people with work opportunities by making it easy to apply. As the company grew in size, background checks have lagged and employing just anyone doesn’t always work out for the best. Alejandro Done a Boston native Uber driver was charged with aggravated rape, including kidnapping and assault and battery. The driver pled guilty to raping a young women that was told she had to pay cash for her ride knowing that Uber only takes credit/debit card transactions. Done took the women to a secluded area, in order to withdraw cash from the ATM and ended up physically assaulting her. This story was one of the many incidents that have been occurring with Uber drivers around the world. So, is it worth risking your life for a cheaper ride? Rape can be defined as unwanted sexual intercourse or physical interaction. Forcible rape is considered a violent act and a social problem. Rape is often the result of men exerting power over women. The US report statistics on statuary rape is not valid, as many of the victims are discouraged from reporting the crime. The victims are usually embarrassed or scared that the abuser might find out and attack again...
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...sitting on a bench at the county morgue. They are looking at the bodies being brought in and three in particular interest them. One is a woman who was six months pregnant due to rape and died from the pregnancy complication. She wanted to have an abortion but it (abortion) was illegal under all circumstances in her state. One is the body of a woman who died after attempting to give herself an abortion with a coat hanger. She was a poor woman who lives in the slums; she had no money to take care of the child and no way to feed her living children if she lost her work from the pregnancy. Another body is that of a one-month-old fetus that was aborted once the mother found out that it was going to be a girl. She has just had one child and wanted to wait for a couple of years to have another. While looking at these bodies the philosophers begin to discuss the question: “Is abortion immoral”? How would the discussion proceed if the two philosophers were: 1) You and Judith Thomson? 2) You ad Sidney Callahan? 3) Which position (s) do you find morally compelling and why? In this scenario, the two philosophers are sitting on a bench at the county morgue. They are looking at the bodies that died involving abortion’s issues. I will call case A – a woman who was six months pregnant due to rape and died from the pregnancy complication because abortion was illegal in her state. Case B is the poor woman with too many responsibilities in life, died from self-abortion....
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...Abhorring rape is central to many feminist ideals. This aggressive and violent action is perhaps one of the most vivid representations of male dominance over females. Rape is an act of aggression, a classified war crime, and an assertion of men’s dominance and power. Emma Sulkowicz, a Columbia University student, was raped by a peer and is now calling her school and community to awareness and action by carrying around the scene of the crime: a dorm mattress. Sulkowicz’s experience of rape, while not connected with an official or militarized war like that of the United States-Mexico border, is part of a larger call to arms by transnational feminists and human rights activists around the world who wish to end the brutality and expansive damage rape causes its victims. Columbia University is burdened, although not as heavily as Emma Sulkowicz, by the constant physical reminder of the rape on campus. Sulkowicz has transformed her experience and recovery into a work of art for her senior thesis project and, under the stipulations, cannot ask for help but is able accept aid from fellow students or spectators if it is offered. This mattress has brought the university community together in support of a fellow student during her recovery from a traumatic experience along with the raised awareness of the violence and damage of rape. The school body is also bonded by the general distaste of the manner in which the administration handled, or refused to handle, the incident. According to...
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...One of the primary concerns of feminism is, and has been for a while, not only gender inequality in social and political terms, but also the way both sexes are viewed by the society. People’s mentality is a source of stereotypes, gender stereotypes in particular. Marge Piercy, a poet and a feminist, considers these stereotypes a serious issue, which is inevitably reflected in her creativity, particularly the four poems under analysis – “Barbie Doll”, “What Are Big Girls Made Of?”, “Rape Poem” and “The Friend”. The poems “Barbie Doll” and “What Are Big Girls Made Of?” concentrate on the topic of sexualization of women and young girls. The issue that worries the author most is the way the society treats females: they are perceived as mere commodities,...
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...The legal history of marital rape laws in the United States is a long and complex one that evolves through several decades. Traditional rape laws in the US defined rape as forced sexual intercourse by a male with a "female not his wife", making it clear that the statutes did not apply to married couples. The criminalization of marital rape in the United States started in the mid-1970’s and by 1993 marital rape was a crime in all 50 states, under at least one section of the sexual offense codes. In 1992, a survey by the National Victim Centre in Arlington, Virginia states that 10% of all sexual assault cases reported by women involved a husband or ex-husband. During the 1990’s, most states differentiated between the way marital rape and non-marital...
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...This essay will discuss the sociological imagination and social construction. It will offer insights of problem families and will look at it from a feminist theory and functionalism theory it will discus oppression and the impact on social institutions and underpin social work practise and the relevance. Charles Write Mills was an American Sociologist. His most famous was The Sociological Imagination, where mills states that personal troubles should become issues of the public. (mills books) By sharing these personal troubles with society will help a person realise they may not be alone and others maybe going through the same thing for example if a husband with his wife and children loses his job and is struggling to find another one. By...
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...The purpose of this paper is to explain the following terms in detail: radical feminism; socialist feminism; rape; masculinities; violence; sexual harassment; biology is not destiny; and negative feminist stereotypes. I have chosen to discuss the two feminist theories that were previously mentioned due to the fact that they both focus heavily on the oppression of men in society, as well as the evident gender division between the sexes. I have chosen to focus on the six concepts that were previously mentioned because they focus on how women are oppressed, and mistreated in society. Radical Feminism Radical feminism supports the idea that patriarchy is the main form of oppression women face. The goal of radical feminism is the elimination of patriarchy. From a radical feminist perspective, women are oppressed in three main ways or areas: the state, the nuclear family, and through reproduction and mothering. Radical feminism also suggests that the lack of control women have over their own bodies and own reproduction is central to oppression. Radical feminists aim towards eliminating sexual, as well as physical violence against women (Calixte et al., 2009). The significance of radical feminism is that it focuses on what is seen as the major oppressors in our culture. Moreover, radical feminism opens our eyes to male dominance and how it has been highly normalized. It alerts us to how ‘normal’ or common images from pornography reduce women to sexual objects. Moreover, it makes...
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...Patriarchy is best defined as control by men. The opposite is matriarchy which means women are in charge and the head of families. Obviously, the culture of the United States and most other countries is patriarchal. Men have the power and control the women. If you don't believe that consider the basics of how our society functions. Women constantly must fight for their rights and sometimes they struggle just to survive without the power and domination of men threatening them. Whether an individual woman wants to conquer patriarchy will come from her desire to be independent and defined outside the context of men. Look to most world leaders to see how powerful patriarchy is. Women are certainly as capable as men to be President of the United States, yet they are not and probably won't be any time soon. Men have been in that role for so long that our country probably does not believe it is possible. Consider who is typically at the head of a company or leaders in local governments. While certainly more women are fulfilling these roles, it is a constant struggle for the ones who are able to achieve that success with men having much more power just by their biological nature. Men have not had to fight for their place in society like women have. It has been an expectation that they will become leaders because that is what patriarchy is about. Much of patriarchy also has its roots in Christianity. Religions which believe the Bible or other religious text often follow it faithfully...
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...Feminist Theories Liberal / Reformist Feminism * Concerned with civil rights and freedom of individuals * They believe that all human beings should have equal rights * Reformism is the progress towards equal rights and freedoms through gradual reforms * They feel that laws against sex discrimination will lead towards a rise in equal rights * Also they feel that changes in culture will help equality, e.g. stereotypes being abolished Sex and Gender * Like Ann Oakley liberal feminists find a difference between sex and gender; * Sex refers to biological differences * Gender refers to culturally constructed differences between masculine and feminine roles * While sex differences are fixed, gender is different for different cultures, this is the part Liberal feminists want to change * Want to promote equality in education and the media * Take political action to introduce anti-discriminatory laws * Liberal feminist criticise the Funtionalist views of Parsons, regarding the Instrumental and Expressive roles * They feel that men and women are equally capable of performing either role, however society is constructed to tell us which role to adhere to * Liberal feminists do have a consensus view on society – they accept that there are conflicts between men and women but argue that it’s a product of outdated attitudes Evaluation of liberal feminism * Experiments conducted by liberal feminists have produced evidence legitimising...
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...In many countries women still do not have equal status to men, either legally or socially. There is no justification for this, but it happens. Feminism is the approach to issues of equality and equity based on gender, gender expression, gender identity, sex, and sexuality as seen through social theories and political activism. Through feminism and social change, our society has made a big impact on how we view women since the beginning of time. Only 23 percent of women and 16 percent of men consider themselves feminists even though 82 percent of both genders believe in equality. Issues such as pay wage gaps, rape culture and even gender stereotyping are still a big reoccurring problem in our day to day lives. Gender stereotypes are overgeneralizations...
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...Rape Culture Views: Attitudes and Practices in our Society that Normalize or Excuse Rape. Brianna Burke Sociology of Women Dr. King June, 20, 2013 Abstract Rape Culture views are based on attitudes and practices in our society that normalize or excuse rape. Society excuses rape because it has come to the belief that sex is an act of male domination and female submission. Although we have laws against rape they do not appear to be a main focus point. Society seems to minimalizes rape to the point of not caring, in some cases making the victims seem to be at fault. Because it seems that the repercussions of the rapist are not as tough as they should be, rapists repeat their actions without fear of severe punishment. The average sentence for convicted rapists was 11.8 years, while the actual time served was 5.4 years. In the US because of our rape culture, rape in the military became a major problem in recent years, even up until this problem was publicized. When first brought into the public’s eye the military didn’t seem to be taking rape seriously. Rape is not just a nightmare for military women but for men as well. Rape seems to be more main stream than some might think. Society more often than not are blaming the victims, the proof is in a recent 12-minute video of young men in Steubenville, Ohio, joking about the brutal, extended gang rape of a 16-year-old girl. According to one study of 16,000 Americans, 17.6% of women report having been victims of rape or...
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...do not understand the importance of feminism and gender equality. Feminism is the advocacy of women's rights on the grounds of political, social, and economic equality to men. Recently, in a class we were asked to raise our hand if we considered ourselves a feminist. I was the only one out of about 20 people that raised their hand. This only proves how misinformed the general population is about this issue. Feminists and activists for gender equality are not seen as they truly are. Gender equality is believing that men and women deserve the same respect, and that is something that has been stripped from women everywhere. I believe that women should be able to stand up for their beliefs freely, be equal to men, and that the general population should know what feminism is and how important it is. The Consequence of Beliefs Feminists receive mistreatment every day, all over the world for standing up for the rights of women. In October 2014, Utah State University received a letter stating that if they did not cancel their event featuring feminist speaker Anita Sarkessian a “Montreal Massacre style attack will be carried out” (Feminist Speaker Receives Death Threats). The Canadian Blogger has received a number of death, rape and bombing threats. A female activist cannot spread the truth about an outstanding issue in today’s society without being threatened. How many woman are we going to let walk around in...
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...Artemisia Gentileschi the Renaissance Feminist Artist Manuel Hernandez Devry University Abstract Why exactly is Artemisia Gentileschi considered an early feminist? Doing a brief search and looking into her artwork, even for a brief amount of time and you quickly see why she was considered so. Her gender as well as the things she went through and experienced in her life heavily influenced Artemisia Gentileschi’s artwork. Some of the more famous and controversial paintings focus on females as being the main protagonist. There is plenty of controversy surrounding the paintings as well, since her father Orazio Gentileschi a painter in his own right trained her. Some of her early paintings are questioned and he is given credit for them. Artemisia Gentileschi went through some unfortunate events in a short and young time in her life, which I believe influenced her greatly and made her focus on feminism. As stated in her biography (n/a) her mother died when she was 12 years old, a huge loss for a young girl. When she was around the age of 17, Agostino Tassi who was one of her father’s colleagues raped Artemisia Gentileschi (Biography et al., n/a). Further adding to the pain, because of the rape her father Orazio wanted Agostino to marry Artemisia (Biography et al., n/a). Luckily for Artemisia he refused to marry her saving her the pain of living with her rapist, and this caused Orazio to pursue a legal case against Agostino that lasted several months. In looking through Artemisia’s...
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