...Business Policy Case Study: Toyota Submitted to: Dr. L. Geng Submitted by: R. Stewart, M. Ferguson, S. Ogbonna Date: Nov 26/14 History * The original idea behind the founding of Toyota Motor Company was conceived by Toyoda Sakichi. * His father Sakichi was an entrepreneur and investor whose primary was in textile industry. He was fascinated by the automotive industry after a brief visit to the United States in 1910. His invention in the textile industry led to the ability to lower the costs of weaving high-quality cloth. * He sold his patent rights of the Toyoda automotive loom for 1 million yuan an invested it on is son Toyoda Kiichiro whom he urged to look into the production of Automobiles in Japan. * His son Toyoda met a lot of stiff resistance from the board of Toyoda Automatic loom because the felt the market was dominated with semi knock down cars from Ford and General Motors and deemed it a risk as they felt they could not compete. But a deathbed wish make by his father, propelled Toyoda to forge ahead. Finally in 1933 he was given permission to set up an automobile department with Toyoda Automatic loom. Development * The original idea behind the founding of Toyota Motor Company was conceived by Toyoda Sakichi. * His father Sakichi was an entrepreneur and investor whose primary was in textile industry. He was fascinated by the automotive industry after a brief visit to the United States in 1910. His invention in the textile industry led...
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...Statute and Case Law Relationship Paper Charity Lehman Cev Smith Michelle R Wilson Connie Ferguson-Rangel MGT 434 April 5, 2006 Introduction Anti-Discrimination Laws were enacted to "promote fairness, equality, and opportunity within the workplace." More distinctively, these federal employment laws prohibit employment practices that discriminate on the basis of race, age, gender, national origin, color, disability and religion. The same laws also prohibit employers from striking back against those persons who filed claims of discrimination. There are several civil rights statutes that employers must become familiar with and incorporate into their daily business and employment practices. These statutes would include Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), Age Discrimination Act (ADEA), Equal Pay Act (EPA), and Title VII of the Civil Rights Act, Executive Order 11246, and the Vocational Rehabilitation Act. Religion The first amendment to the United States Constitution states in part “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof…” (Author Unknown, 1791). This statute has been at the root of a number of legal issues surrounding the Ten Commandments from Jewish and Christian religion of late. A number of cases from Texas to Maryland to Nebraska have worked their way through the Federal court system with a few being heard by the Supreme...
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...Table of Contents Executive Summary ………………………………..….………….…….……………….. 4 Institutions ………….……………………………….….…….……….………….……... 6 Socio-cultural Forces …………..…………..…………..……………….……………… 10 Labor Standards in Germany …………………………………………………………... 12 Labor Standards in China ………………………………………………………...…..... 19 Comparative Analysis ………...…………………........…………….……..……....…… 25 Conclusion ………………………......……………………………….……....………… 29 References …………………………...………..……………………………….……….. 31 Appendix A …………………………...………..……………………………...……….. 35 Appendix B …………………………...………..……………………………...……….. 36 Appendix C …………………………...………..……………………………...……….. 37 Appendix D …………………………...………..……………………………...……….. 38 Appendix E …………………………...………..……………………………...……….. 39 Executive Summary As a result of systemic changes in the economy over the last two decades, the world of work has radically changed in eastern European and Asian countries. Transition reforms have led to rapid structural shifts in the economy: China has become a focal point for much of the insecurity that globalization has produced: for the past two decades China has experienced explosive economic growth that has attracted jobs and capital from around the world (Feng, 2007). No other industrializing country has ever attracted jobs at both the high and low ends of the production chain. From basic level assembly work to the upper tiers of industry and services, China is setting the global norm for working standards around...
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...The Diamond of Sustainable Growth A Historical Framework for the study of political economy and economic development George David Smith, Richard Sylla, Robert E. Wright( NYU Stern School of Business For most of its existence, humanity neither enjoyed nor understood economic growth, or society’s capacity for creating wealth. Prior to the 18th century, the aggregate incomes of particular societies may have increased a little for short periods in a few places, but most of the time incomes hovered not far above the subsistence level. Powerful leaders and ruling classes could accumulate vast wealth, but this was normally achieved through the redistribution of incomes from the weak to the powerful, and certainly not through the creation of wealth as we know it today. Going back centuries, to paraphrase the 17th-century English philosopher Thomas Hobbes, human life was solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short. Peace and good weather were more likely to summon forth children more than prosperity. Whenever war, pestilence, and drought returned -- and they always did -- people died in droves. To many observers, humanity appeared doomed to spend eternity wet, cold, hungry, and grief-stricken. In the late 18th century, the English proto-economist Thomas Robert Malthus warned that the mass of humanity, quite aside from the foregoing perils, was doomed to a life at the margins of starvation, as surges of population growth would inevitably outstrip the finite sources...
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...45 2014 January International Business Studies and the Imperative of Context. Exploring the ‘Black Whole’ in Institutional Theory Michael Jakobsen ©Copyright is held by the author or authors of each Discussion Paper. Copenhagen Discussion Papers cannot be republished, reprinted, or reproduced in any format without the permission of the paper's author or authors. Note: The views expressed in each paper are those of the author or authors of the paper. They do not represent the views of the Asia Research Centre or Copenhagen Business School. Editor of the Copenhagen Discussion Papers: Associate Professor Michael Jacobsen Asia Research Centre Copenhagen Business School Porcelænshaven 24 DK-2000 Frederiksberg Denmark Tel.: (+45) 3815 3396 Email: mj.int@cbs.dk www.cbs.dk/arc International Business Studies and the Imperative of Context. Exploring the ‘Black Whole’ in Institutional Theory Michael Jakobsen Associate Professor Asia Research Centre Copenhagen Business School mj.int@cbs.dk Abstract The aim of this article is to take a critical look at how to perceive informal institutions within institutional theory. Douglas North in his early works on institutional theory divided the national institutional framework into two main categories, formal and informal institution or constraints as he called them. The formal constraints consisted of political rules, judicial decisions and economic contracts, whereas informal constraints consisted of socially sanctioned norms...
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...S w 908M68 CRESCENT STANDARD INVESTMENT BANK LIMITED — GOVERNANCE FAILURE1 Muntazar Bashir Ahmed wrote this case solely to provide material for class discussion. The author does not intend to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of a managerial situation. The author may have disguised certain names and other identifying information to protect confidentiality. Ivey Management Services prohibits any form of reproduction, storage or transmittal without its written permission. Reproduction of this material is not covered under authorization by any reproduction rights organization. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials, contact Ivey Publishing, Ivey Management Services, c/o Richard Ivey School of Business, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 3K7; phone (519) 661-3208; fax (519) 661-3882; e-mail cases@ivey.uwo.ca. Copyright © 2008, Ivey Management Services Version: (A) 2008-12-12 KET Securities Limited’s head office at Karachi in Pakistan had been receiving unofficial reports since May 2006 that there had been a number of frauds at Crescent Standard Investment Bank Limited (CSIBL). This was confirmed when the bank did not circulate the audited accounts for the year ended December 31, 2005, even as late as August 2006. Early in September 2006, a business analyst at KET was asked to investigate what the press had been reporting. Management was shocked to read the information the newspapers had...
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...ouLabour standards and poverty reduction Labour standards and poverty reduction May 2004 FOREWORD BY THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT One of the greatest moral and political challenges of our time is the ending of mass poverty. To ensure action on a global scale, and to assess progress, the international community has set itself ambitious targets for the reduction of poverty, embodied in the Millennium Development Goals and affirmed by governments worldwide at the UN Millennium Assembly in 2000. These have been adopted by major development agencies, and are supported by NGOs. They express the conviction that it is possible to improve substantially the living conditions and opportunities of the world’s poor over the coming decade. The MDGs can be achieved only if poor people themselves are involved in the decisions which affect their lives. They should therefore have the freedom to organise themselves in associations which promote their interests in the societies in which they live. They should not be subject to forced labour, or suffer from discrimination in the labour market. They should be able to maintain their livelihoods without having to make their children work rather than go to school. An essential part of poverty elimination is those human rights known as core labour standards: freedom of association and the right to free collective bargaining; elimination of all forms of forced or compulsory labour; effective abolition of child labour;...
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...Identify customer's buyer behaviour and explain the factors may affact it ……………………………………………….7 Evaluate the relationship between brand loyalty, corporate image and repeat purchasing……………………….8 Task 2 13 Evaluate different type of market research techniques 14 Use source of primary/secondary data to achieve marketing research objectives 16 Assess the validity and reability of market research findings 17 Prepare a market research plan to obtain information in a given company 19 Task 3 22 Assess market size trends for a chosen target market 23 Plan and carry out a competitor analysis on a rival 24 Evaluate organization's opportunities and threats 27 Task 4 30 Evaluate various techniques of assessing you customers responses 31 Design and complete a customers satisfaction survey 32 Review the success of a completed survey 31 Appendix 34 References 36 Task 1 Task 1 (Outcome 1) a. Describe the main stages of the purchase decision-making process within your chosen company * Refreshing drink is the basic human’s demand. Therefore, it is understandable when people expect to have a comfort drink to satisfy thirst. In Vietnam, Pepsi and Coca Cola took large amount of market share in beverage industry, applying consumer buyer decision process will help them a part in purchasing battle. * As usual buying decision process will cover through 5 steps. However, buying Pepsi does not need that much. Before any purchasing decision was make, the need...
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...9 -7 1 1 -0 1 0 REV: MARCH 6, 2012 DIEGO COMIN RICHARD H. K. VIETOR China “Unbalanced” We urgently need to transform the pattern of economic development,” pronounced Premier Wen Jiabao in March 2010. “We will work hard to put economic development on the track of endogenous growth, driven by innovation. — Premier Wen Jiabao, March 20101 Since the early 2000s, the success of China’s export-led growth strategy had been alienating major trade partners—especially Europe and the United States. By 2005, China’s trade surplus had reached $134 billion, of which $114 billion was with the United States alone. Foreign-invested firms accounted for more than half of this amount. 2 In the U.S., organized labor and various pundits and politicians increasingly blamed China for the loss of as many as 3.5 million manufacturing jobs.3 U.S. Senator Chuck Schumer (D-NY) became a leading voice calling for punitive tariffs if China did not allow its currency, the yuan, to appreciate.4 When China did allow the yuan to appreciate beginning in May 2005, the yuan grew by almost 21% over the next three years, from 8.3 to 6.8 yuan per dollar. However, in October 2008, China once again froze the exchange rate. By then, China's trade surplus with the United States had grown to $258 billion, while its overall current account surplus reached $426 billion. Although political complaints about China’s export-led growth model achieved limited traction, the global financial crisis brought the...
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...Supply Chain Management (SCM) be applied to an organisation? 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Types of firms/ organisations where SCM can be applied Duration and implementation cost of Supply Chain Management Conditions for implementation European organisations supporting the implementation of the method 3 Implementation procedure 3.1 Steps-actions/ phases 3.1.1 Implementing a competitive approach to Warehousing and Distribution 3.2 3.3 Partial techniques and tools included in each step Related software 4 Bibliographic References Annex INNOREGIO project S. Zygiaris, Msc, BPR Engineer BPR Hellas SA SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT 1 DESCRIPTION 1.1 2 What is the Supply Chain Management (SCM) The best companies around the world are discovering a powerful new source of competitive advantage. It's called supply-chain management and it encompasses...
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...Journal of Management http://jom.sagepub.com/ The Role of Sampling in Strategic Management Research on Performance: A Two-Study Analysis Jeremy C. Short, David J. Ketchen, Jr. and Timothy B. Palmer Journal of Management 2002 28: 363 DOI: 10.1177/014920630202800306 The online version of this article can be found at: http://jom.sagepub.com/content/28/3/363 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com On behalf of: Southern Management Association Additional services and information for Journal of Management can be found at: Email Alerts: http://jom.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://jom.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav Citations: http://jom.sagepub.com/content/28/3/363.refs.html >> Version of Record - Jun 1, 2002 What is This? Downloaded from jom.sagepub.com at University at Buffalo Libraries on June 20, 2014 Journal of Management 2002 28(3) 363–385 The Role of Sampling in Strategic Management Research on Performance: A Two-Study Analysis Jeremy C. Short∗ School of Business Administration, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97207, USA David J. Ketchen, Jr. College of Business, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA Timothy B. Palmer Department of Management, Haworth College of Business, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, USA Received 4 June 2001; received in revised form 30 October...
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...NEW DELHI SUMMER PROJECT REPORT On THE STUDY OF SELECTION & RECRUITMENT PROCESS IN DLF PROJECTS LTD. & ITS EFFECTIVENESS FOR THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT OF MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION SUBMITED BY SATYAPRAVA MANTRI M.B.A II SEMESTER 2010-2012 CERTIFICATE Certified that this project report “The study of selection & recruitment process in DLF Projects Ltd. & its effectiveness” is the bonafide work of “Satyaprava Mantri” who carried out the project work under the supervision of Mr.Sanjay Bharatwaj. SIGNATURE Mr.Sanjay Bharatwaj DECLARATION We hereby declare that the following project titled ‘Study of selection & recruitment process in DLF Projects Ltd. & its effectiveness’ is an authentic work done by me. This is to declare that all of the work indulged in the completion of this Project Report such as research, competitor analysis, and data collection is profound and honest. This report is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Masters of Business Administration (MBA) in IILM Business School, New Delhi. We have not submitted the project report for any academic purpose elsewhere. Satyaprava Mantri ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I owe a great thanks to many people who helped and...
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...MANAGEMENT PRACTICE S.A.I.M. S.A.I.M. CASE-STUDY WORKBOOK Prepared by Dr Norris W Dalton. Copyright 2002 SAIM Management Practice 1 Copyright @ 2002 - South African Institute of Management All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from SAIM. Copyright @ 2002 Copyright 2002 SAIM First Edition (2002) Management Practice 2 MANAGEMENT PRACTICE CASE-STUDY WORKBOOK CONTENTS Page 1. Introduction. 5 2. Management in Context. 7 3. Learning to be a manager. 9 4. Case-study analysis. 11 5. Problem-solving and decision-making. 14 6. Caselets: First-line and Middle-management (Tactical/operational levels). 21 7. Case-studies: Executive / Senior management (transitional / strategic level). 119 8. Case-studies: Management failures (Reference studies). 173 9. Lessons: 201 Business {Managerial) Failure. 10. References and Further Reading. Copyright 2002 SAIM 207 Management Practice 3 Copyright 2002 SAIM Management Practice 4 MANAGEMENT PRACTICE Management Principles are easy; Management Practice is difficult. 1. Introduction The Theory of Management (20%) is easy and can be learnt in a classroom setting, since it relates to knowledge acquisition and book-learning...
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...March 2013 Keywords: Servitization Open service innovation Business model Performance a b s t r a c t As manufacturing businesses operate in an ever more competitive, global economy where products are easily commoditized, innovating by adding services to the core product offering has become a popular strategy. Contrary to the economic benefits expected, recent findings pinpoint implementation hurdles that lead to a potential performance decline, the so-called ‘servitization paradox’. In this paper, we analyze this paradox by disentangling the value creation and value appropriation processes of 44 national subsidiaries of a global manufacturing firm turned product-service provider, in the 2001–2007 period. Our findings show that the firm under study is able to successfully transcend the inherent substitution of products by services and to enact complementary sales dynamics between the two activities. Moreover, labor-intensive services such as maintenance, which imply higher levels of customer proximity, further enhance product sales. Empirical results also reveal a positive yet non-linear relationship between...
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...´ NOELLE J. MOLE PRINCETON UNIVERSITY Living it on the skin: Italian states, working illness A B S T R A C T In this article, I examine the codification of an Italian work-related illness caused by mobbing, a type of psychological harassment that emerged at the moment neoliberal policies transformed Italy’s historically protectionist labor market. I trace how the medicalization of mobbing has expanded workers’ access to compensation, resources, and discursive tools for criticizing neoliberal labor conditions, even as it has produced new structures of surveillance. I unravel the neoliberal politics of a state that protects workers’ health yet governs worker–citizens through an apparatus of medical experts. I find that workers’ labor problems are experienced and managed as bodily problems in ways important to remaking Italian citizenship. [neoliberalism, state, labor, biopolitics, citizenship, bodies, Italy] An institution, even an economy, is complete and fully viable only if it is durably objectified . . . in bodies. —Pierre Bourdieu1 It was the spirit of capitalism made flesh. —Upton Sinclair2 n 2003, a new psychophysical disturbance, organizational coercion pathology (disturbi psichici e fisici da costrittivit` organizzativa sul a lavoro), or OCP, became a work-related illness that was insurable by an Italian state public-health institution (Istituto Nazionale per l’Assicurazione contro gli Infortuni sul Lavoro [INAIL] 2003).3 Telltale symptoms, often likened to those...
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