Textile
This article is about the type of fabric. Textile is also a jargon term used by naturists or nudists to describe a person who wears clothes, and also the property that nudity is not allowed, e.g. in "textilebeach", "textile campsite", etc.
A textile is any kind of woven, knitted, knotted (as in macrame) or tufted cloth, or a non-wovenfibers that have been bonded into a fabric, e.g. felt). fabric (a cloth made of
Textile also refers to the yarns, threads and wools that can be spun, woven, tufted, tied and otherwise used to manufacture cloth. The production of textiles is an ancient art, whose speed and scale of production has been altered almost beyond recognition by mass-production and the introduction of modern manufacturing techniques. An ancient Roman weaver would have no problem recognizing a plain weave, twill or satin.
Many textiles have been in use for millennium, while others use artificial fibers and are recent inventions. The range of fibers has increased in the last 100 years. The first synthetics were made in the 1920s and 1930s.
Sources and types
Textiles can be made from a variety of materials. The following is a partial list of the materials that can be used to make textiles.
Animal origin
• Alpaca
• Angora rabbit hair
• Camel hair
• Cashmere
• Mohair
• Silk
• Vicuña hair
• Wool: divided into woollen and worsted
Vegetable
• Bark cloth has various uses, and is used in sheets.
• Coir: the fibre from coconuts.
• Cotton
• Grass, rush and straw
• Hemp (mostly used in rope making)
• Jute
• Kapok
• Linen, made from flax
• Nettle: processed in a similar manner to flax.
• Ramie
• Seaweed: a water soluble fibre (alginate) is produced. This is used as a holding fibre in the production of certain textiles: when the cloth is finished the alginate is dissolved, leaving an open area.
• Sisal
Derived from plant products
• Paper
• Rayon
Mineral
• Asbestos: now has very limited uses.
• Glass fibres can be used in the manufacture of textiles for insulation and other purposes.
• Metal fibre , metal wire and metal foil have some uses in textiles, either on their own or with other materials (see, for example, goldwork embroidery).
Man-made
• Acrylic fiber
• Lurex
• Spandex, tactel, lycra and other 'stretch' fabrics
• Nylon fiber
• Polyester fiber
• Polypropylene (comes under various common trade names such as Olefin or Herculon)
Production methods
• Braiding/Plaiting
• Crochet – usually by hand.
• Embroidery – threads which are added to the surface of a finished textile.
• Felt – fibres are matted together to produce a cloth.
• Knitting – by hand or on knitting machines .
• Knotting, including macrame: used in making nets.
• Lace – again both hand made and machine made.
• Pile fabrics – carpets and some rugs
• Velvet, velveteen , plush fabrics and similar have a secondary set of yarns which provide a pile.
• Weaving – the cloth is prepared on a loom, of which there are a number of types. Some weaving is still done by hand, but the vast majority is mechanised.
Processes
• Carding
• Bleaching – where the natural or original colour of the textile is removed with bleach.
• Dyeing – adding colour to textiles: there is a vast range of dyes, natural and synthetic, some of which require mordants.
• Waterproofing and other finishings.
• Starching
Uses
Textiles have been used in almost every possible context where their properties are useful. In cleaning
• Bags and other means of carrying objects
• Balloons, kites, sails, parachutes and other transport use. Earlyairplanes used cloth as part of the construction.
• Clothing
• Flags
• Furnishings, including towels and table cloths
• Geotextiles
• Industrial and scientific uses, including filtering
• Nets
• Rugs and carpets
• Tents
• Towels
•
Fiber
(Redirected from Fibers)
For other meanings of fiber please see Fiber (disambiguation).
Fiber (American English) or fibre (British English) consists of elongated stringy natural , man-made or manufactured material. In the case of natural fibers, they often tie together the parts of natural creatures.
• Natural vegetable fibers generally comprise cellulose: examples include cotton, linen, and hemp. Cellulose fibers serve in the manufacture of paper and cloth. Natural animal fibers includespider silk, sinew, hair, and wool. Naturally occurring mineral fibers include asbestos.
• Man-made fibers include those made artificially, but from from natural raw materials (often cellulosic). Examples includefiberglass, rayon, acetate, cupro , and the more recently developed Lyocell.
• Synthetic fibers are a subset of man-made fibers, which are based on synthetic chemicals rather than arising from natural chemicals by a purely physical process. Such fibers are quite often made from nylon, polyester, or acrylic polymers, although pure polyacrylonitrile fibers are mostly used to make carbon fiber. More exotic fibers have strong bonding between polymer chains (i.e. aramids), or extremely long chains (i.e., Dyneema).Elastomers can even be used, i.e. in spandex.

Dietary fiber
Dietary fibers are long-chain carbohydrates (polysaccharides) that are indigestible by the human digestive tract. The value of dietary fiber is that it provides bulk to the bolus moving through the digestive tract. There are two great advantages to this: by bulking up the bolus, eventually the stool, it's easier for the digestive system to move it through, and the bulkier stool also tends to retain moisture to make it easier to eliminate with less straining and abrasion.
There are two principal types of dietary fiber: soluble and insoluble. Insoluble fiber is simply bulk that changes little as it passes through the body. Soluble fiber, on the other hand, forms a soft gel in solution with water. Soluble fiber has been shown to be able to reduce bloodcholesterol levels and slows the absorption of glucose from the intestine.
However, massive amounts of soluble fiber can cause diarrhea and worsen irritable bowel syndrome.
Soluble fiber is found in some fruits (particularly oranges, also applesand bananas), oats, legumes (peas, soybeans, and other beans), other vegetables, such as broccoli and carrots, and a grain calledpsyllium. Legumes also typically contain shorter-chain carbohydrates that are indigestible by the human digestive tract but which are digested by bacteria in the small intestine, which is a cause offlatulence.
Sources of insoluble fiber include whole wheat foods, wheat or cornbran, nuts and seeds, vegetables such as green beans, cauliflower, and potato skins, and the skins of fruit and root vegetables.

Cloth / Fabrics
(Redirected from Fabrics)
Fabric (which redirects here), is also the name of a London dance club

Cloth or fabric is a flexible artificial material made up of a network of natural or artificial fibresthread or yarn) formed by weaving or knitting(textiles), or pressed into felt. (
Cloth is most often used in the manufacture of clothing, householdfurnishings, and art such as tapestry. Before the advent of woven cloth, the functions of textiles were fulfilled by furs and skins.
In the past, all cloth was made from natural fibres, including plant sources such as cotton, flax, and hemp, and animal sources such aswool, hair, and silk. In the 20th century, these were supplemented by artificial fibres such as polyester and rayon.
Cloth is most often dyed, with fabrics available in every colour. Coloured designs in fabric can be created by weaving strands of different colours (plaid) and adding coloured stitches to finished fabric (embroidery), but also by using various printing processes on finished fabric.
Cloth is made in many varying strengths and degrees of durability, from the finest gossamercanvas sails. The relative thickness of fibres in cloth is measured in deniers. Microfiber refers to fibers made of strands thinner than one denier. fabrics to sturdy
Types of cloth
• Broadcloth
• Calico
• Cambric
• Corduroy
• Crêpe
• Denim
• Felt
• Flannel
• Gabardine
• Gingham
• Linen
• Organza
• Satin
• Serge
• Silk
• Twill
• Velvet
• Worsted