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Fifth Business: More Than Meets the Eye

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Fifth Business: More Than Meets The Eye
Jeffery Soy

Carl Jung’s literary archetypes determine the structure of literary works. In the novel Fifth Business, by Robertson Davies, many of Jung’s archetypes are reflected in the characters. These archetypes include the Eternal Boy, the Wise Old Man, the Hero, the Maiden, and the Persona. The characters of Boy Staunton, Dunny Ramsay, Paul Dempster, Mary Dempster, and Leola Cruikshank symbolize these archetypes and support the overall theme of appearance versus reality in Fifth Business.
Upon analyzing Carl Jung’s archetypes, one would find that Boy is the most obvious example of the Eternal Boy archetype. Over the course of the novel, Boy grows physically, but he acts very childish. He constantly denies throwing the snowball that struck Mary Dempster. He tries to prove to Dunny that he is better than him in every way. As kids, he ridiculed Dunny’s old sled and wool mitts (Davies, 3). In the future, he even goes as far as waving Leola’s naked photos in front of Dunny’s face (Davies, 148). Boy never grew mentally. Boy symbolizes the appearance of things, directly conflicting Dunny’s values of reality. And while many may believe that Dunny is the Hero of Fifth Business, he is better suited to the archetype of the Wise Old Man. The Wise Old Man acts as uses his personal knowledge to help offer guidance.To support this claim, one could take the example of his teenage years when he worked in a library. Dunny became focused on his goal of being a polymath. He read encyclopedias and various books on magic. As the novel progresses, Dunny ends up teaching at a private school as well as studying history and becoming a hagiologist, writing a book about saints. After the Great War, Dunny is injured and has to use a cane to walk. With this, he visually resembles an old man. The Wise Old Man is a mentor and teacher, especially to

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