...IES184 P-1071-E 0-606-009 Aldi: A German Retailing Icon “The next Wal-Mart?” Cover story on Aldi, Business Week, April 26th, 2004 “I love my Aldi – good quality at rock-bottom prices. Why do I need ‘brands’ when all they do is rip you off?” Long-time Aldi customer, driving a BMW “Discount means to leave away everything that is unnecessary.” Dieter Brandes, former Aldi executive Introduction In 2005, Aldi, a German-based grocery store chain, was turning heads throughout Europe, Australia and the United States with its rock-bottom prices, efficient store operations and growing global network of limited assortment stores. Founded in the German town of Essen, with antecedents dating back to 1946, Aldi had revenues of €37 billion ($44 billion US)1, This case was prepared by Jordan Mitchel, Research Assistant, under the supervision of Professor Marc Sachon, as the basis for class discussion rather than to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of an administrative situation. October 2005. This case was written with the support of the CIIL (International Center for Logistics Research), IESE. Copyright © 2005, IESE. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials, call IESE PUBLISHING 34 932 534 200, send a fax to 34 932 534 343, or write Juan de Alós, 43 - 08034 Barcelona, Spain, or iesep@iesep.com No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, used in a spreadsheet, or transmitted in any form or...
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...Selling Beer in Spain George A. Murray MG352 International Business July 16, 2010 Abstract This paper explores the possibility of Red Drive Brewery expanding its operations into an overseas market. The country of Spain has been identified as the initial target market for Red Drive’s expansion. Research into this plan has been accomplished using the internet and the Business Source Premier database (BSP). Some of the areas explored in this paper deal with the economics of doing business in Spain, the attitudes of people in Europe generally and Spain in particular toward adult beverages, and an analysis of the overall market for adult beverages complete with specific information concerning beer. Facts and figures are used in an effort to validate a decision rendered as to whether or not to pursue the expansion of Red Drive Brewery operations in overseas markets. Keywords: Alcohol market in Spain, economy of Spain Selling Beer in Spain Spain is located in the extreme southwest portion of Europe. The country shares a border with France to its northeast and Portugal to its west, is bounded by Bay of Biscay to the north, and the Mediterranean Sea to the east and south (See Figure 1). In 1975, the government of Spain moved from a dictatorship to a democracy and began to experience an economy which was both dynamic and rapid in growth [ (CIA - The World Factbook, 2010) ]. The economy of Spain began a period of recession in 2008 with the collapse of its housing market...
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...a few large companies that have a big market share. To give you an example of this Australia have four firms that at the moment have around 75 % of the market while in France there are around 230 000 wineries. The power of buyers seems to be higher in Europe compared to the “New World”, in Europe the consumers have a more sophisticated taste and are more price sensitive compared to the “New World”. In Europe wine is sold through many different supermarkets which provide a wide range of different wine sorts from a lot of different private labels. This can be one of the reasons why the power of the buyers seems to be a bit higher in Europe than in for example the US. In the US they generally don’t sell wine at supermarkets, except from Wal-Mart that just introduced a private label in their wine collection. Another reason might be that the branding in the “New World” creates a wider product differentiation which seems to reduce the power of the buyers. In general the power of the buyers within the wine industry is quite high if we talk...
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...systems:a comparative analysis Nom de l'estudiant:Chiara Pirone Titulació:Ingenieria superior Informatica Crèdits: 37.5 Director/Ponent:Jose M.Cabré Garcia Departament:Organización de Empresas MEMBRES DEL TRIBUNAL President:Ferran Sabate Carriga Toma de decisiones y gestión de proyectos empresariales(PDGPE) Vocal:Francesc Tiñena Salvañà Compresion de datos e imagen (CDI) Secretari:Jose M. Cabré Garcia Empresa y entorno economico(EEE) QUALIFICACIÓ Qualificació numèrica: Qualificació descriptiva: Data: INDEX CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 2: VERTICAL INTEGRATION 2.1. VERTICAL INTEGRATION 2.2: THE THREE A’S OF A SUPPLY CHAIN EXCELLENCE 2.2.1: AGILITY 2.2.2: ADAPTABILITY 2.2.3: ALIGNMENT 2.3: PORTER’S ANALYSIS 2.4: EXAMPLES: WAL-MART AND DELL CHAPTER 3: THE SYSTEM LOCK-IN 3.1 THE DELTA MODEL 3.2: THE SYSTEM LOCK-IN 3.3: EXAMPLE: FORD MOTOR CO 3.3.1: FORD MOTOR CO LOCK-IN CHAPTER 4 : ZARA 4.1 ZARA’S HISTORY 4.2 BUSINESS MODEL 4.2.1: PORTER’S ANALYSIS ON ZARA 4.2.2 PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE CURVE 7 9 9 13 15 16 17 19 30 36 36 39 41 42 45 45 47 47 49 1 4.2.3: KEY FACTORS OF SUCCESS 4.2.4: STRATEGIC DRAWBACKS 4.2.5: LOGISTICS AND SUPPLY CHAIN 4.2.6: STRATEGY 4.2.7: OPPORTUNITIES 4.3 THE MATHEMATICAL MODEL 4.4 FINANCIAL DATA 4.5 COMPETITORS CHAPTER 5 : BENETTON 5.1 BENETTON’S HISTORY 5.2 BUSINESS MODEL 5.2.1: STRENGHTS 5.2.2: WEAKNESSES 5.2.3:PARTNERSHIP 5.2.4: INTEGRATION 5.2.5: SUPPLY CHAIN HISTORY 5.2.6: NETWORKED MANUFACTURING 5.2.7: POSTPONEMENT IN DYEING 5.3:...
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...EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES: RFID RFID TECHNOLOGIES: SUPPLY-CHAIN APPLICATIONS AND IMPLEMENTATION ISSUES Rebecca Angeles RFID technologies hold the promise of closing some of the information gaps in the supply chain, especially in retailing and logistics. As a mobile technology, RFID can enable “process freedoms” and real-time visibility into supply chains. This article provides an introduction to the technology, several case examples, and implementation guidelines for managers based on published reports. REBECCA ANGELES is an Associate Professor, Management Information Systems Area, Faculty of Administration, University of New Brunswick Fredericton, Canada. Her current research interests include B2B commerce, mobile commerce and supply chain management. EWLY EMERGING WIRELESS TECHnologies, one of which is radio frequency identification (RFID), hold the promise of closing the information gaps in the supply chain. The applications of RFID are wide-ranging and include the manufacturing and distribution of physical goods such as automobiles and transmission assembly (Mintchell, 2002), minting bank notes (Anonymous2, 2002), oil exploration (Anonymous1, 2002), shipping and port operations (D’Amico, 2002; Dornheim, 2002), and pharmaceutical packaging processes (Forcinio, 2002), among others. Keen and Macintosh (2001) consider RFID technologies as part of the “universal infrastructure” that will support mobile commerce. These authors also foresee RFID as an example of technologies...
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...1 March 30, 2003 To the reader: You are enrolled in a principles of marketing course. This publication is intended to supplement your lecture materials. As you read through the text, note that it is keyed to illustrations used in class. The course is divided into three sections. Section one covers introduction to marketing, consumer behavior, industrial buyer behavior, the marketing environment, where marketing fits into the organization, market segmentation, and product differentiation. Section two covers product and pricing. Section three covers promotion (sales) and distribution. As you read the book, consider that it is organized as follows: marketing and its environment (consumer behavior, industrial buyer behavior, marketing environment), product, pricing, promotion, and distribution. So, coverage begins with introductory concepts and proceeds into the marketing mix elements (product, price, promotion and place). You may wonder whether this book covers all aspects of marketing. No, it does not cover all aspects of marketing. You will find only basic concepts herein. If you seek specific, contemporary examples of marketing concepts, check out a traditional textbook from the library or purchase a recent edition from a used book store. Try the Perreault and McCarthy textbook (14th edition) or the Kotler and Armstrong textbook. Section I: Concepts of Marketing A. Who is a Marketer? Consider first that marketing is driven by people and their needs. It is people driven...
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...The World is Flat Thomas L Friedman Kq p K To Matt and Kay and to Ron Kq p K Contents How the World Became Flat One: While I Was Sleeping / 3 Two: The Ten Forces That Flattened the World / 48 Flattener#l. 11/9/89 Flattener #2. 8/9/95 Flattener #3. Work Flow Software Flattener #4. Open-Sourcing Flattener #5. Outsourcing Flattener #6. Offshoring Flattener #7. Supply-Chaining Flattener #8. Insourcing Flattener #9. In-forming Flattener #10. The Steroids Three: The Triple Convergence / 173 Four: The Great Sorting Out / 201 America and the Flat World Five: America and Free Trade / 225 Six: The Untouchables / 237 Seven: The Quiet Crisis / 250 Eight: This Is Not a Test / 276 Developing Countries and the Flat World Nine: The Virgin of Guadalupe / 309 Companies and the Flat World Geopolitics and the Flat World Eleven: The Unflat World / 371 Twelve: The Dell Theory of Conflict Prevention / 414 Conclusion: Imagination Thirteen: 11/9 Versus 9/11 / 441 Acknowledgments I 471 Index I 475 Kq p K :::::How the World Became Flat ::::: ONE While I Was Sleeping Your Highnesses, as Catholic Christians, and princes who love and promote the holy Christian faith, and are enemies of the doctrine of Mahomet, and of all idolatry and heresy, determined to send me, Christopher Columbus, to the above-mentioned countries of India, to see the said princes, people, and territories, and to learn their disposition and the proper method of converting them to our...
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...entrepreneur is often defined as one who starts his own, new, and small business. But, not every new small business is entrepreneurial or represents entrepreneurship. For instance, the husband-and-wife team which opens another Mexican restaurant in the American suburb surely takes a risk. But, are they entrepreneurs? What they do has been done many times before. They gamble on the increasing popularity of eating out in their area but create neither a new concept of customer satisfaction nor a new consumer demand. Seen under this perspective, they are surely not entrepreneurs even though theirs is a new venture. WHAT IS ENTREPRENEURSHIP? The setting up of McDonald’s, however, was entrepreneurship. McDonald’s did not invent anything new; its final product was what any decent American restaurant had produced years ago. But, by applying management concepts and techniques (for instance, by asking what is ‘value’ to the customer), standardizing the ‘product’ across all locations and countries, designing processes and tools, and streamlining training on the analysis of the work to be done and then setting the standards it required, McDonald’s both drastically upgraded the yield from resources and created a new market and a new customer base. This is entrepreneurship. Equally entrepreneurial was the growing foundry started more than 20 years ago by a husband-and-wife team in America’s Midwest to heat-treat ferrous castings to high performance specifications — for example, the axles for the...
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...An Integrated Approach to Strategy Running Case Featuring Wal-Mart Wal-Mart’s Competitive Advantage (Chapter 1) ● Working Conditions at Wal-Mart (Chapter 2) ● Wal-Mart’s Bargaining Power over Suppliers (Chapter 3) ● Human Resource Strategy and Productivity at Wal-Mart (Chapter 4) ● How Wal-Mart Became a Cost Leader (Chapter 5) ● Wal-Mart’s Global Expansion (Chapter 6) ● WalMart Internally Ventures a New Kind of Retail Store (Chapter 8) ● Sam Walton’s Approach to Implementing Wal-Mart’s Strategy (Chapter 9) Strategy in Action Features A Strategic Shift at Microsoft (Chapter 1) ● The Agency Problem at Tyco (Chapter 2) ● Circumventing Entry Barriers into the Soft Drink Industry (Chapter 3) ● Learning Effects in Cardiac Surgery (Chapter 4) ● How to Make Money in the Vacuum Tube Business (Chapter 5) ● The Evolution of Strategy at Procter & Gamble (Chapter 6) ● Diversification at 3M: Leveraging Technology (Chapter 7) ● News Corp’s Successful Acquisition Strategy (Chapter 8) ● How to Flatten and Decentralize Structure (Chapter 9) Practicing Strategic Management Application-based activities intended to get your students thinking beyond the book. Small-Group Exercises Short experiential exercises that ask students to coordinate and collaborate on group work focused on an aspect of strategic management. Exploring the Web Internet exercises that require students to explore company websites and answer chapter-related questions. Designing a Planning System (Chapter 1) Evaluating...
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...An Integrated Approach to Strategy Running Case Featuring Wal-Mart Wal-Mart’s Competitive Advantage (Chapter 1) ● Working Conditions at Wal-Mart (Chapter 2) ● Wal-Mart’s Bargaining Power over Suppliers (Chapter 3) ● Human Resource Strategy and Productivity at Wal-Mart (Chapter 4) ● How Wal-Mart Became a Cost Leader (Chapter 5) ● Wal-Mart’s Global Expansion (Chapter 6) ● WalMart Internally Ventures a New Kind of Retail Store (Chapter 8) ● Sam Walton’s Approach to Implementing Wal-Mart’s Strategy (Chapter 9) Strategy in Action Features A Strategic Shift at Microsoft (Chapter 1) ● The Agency Problem at Tyco (Chapter 2) ● Circumventing Entry Barriers into the Soft Drink Industry (Chapter 3) ● Learning Effects in Cardiac Surgery (Chapter 4) ● How to Make Money in the Vacuum Tube Business (Chapter 5) ● The Evolution of Strategy at Procter & Gamble (Chapter 6) ● Diversification at 3M: Leveraging Technology (Chapter 7) ● News Corp’s Successful Acquisition Strategy (Chapter 8) ● How to Flatten and Decentralize Structure (Chapter 9) Practicing Strategic Management Application-based activities intended to get your students thinking beyond the book. Small-Group Exercises Short experiential exercises that ask students to coordinate and collaborate on group work focused on an aspect of strategic management. Exploring the Web Internet exercises that require students to explore company websites and answer chapter-related questions. Designing a Planning System (Chapter 1) Evaluating...
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...permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springeronline.com ° Springer Berlin ´ Heidelberg 2006 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Hardcover-Design: Design & Production, Heidelberg SPIN 11543282 43/3153-5 4 3 2 1 0 ± Printed on acid-free paper Foreword Hans-Joachim Körber Chief Executive Officer of METRO AG In general, retailing is perceived as a...
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...Five-Years Marketing Plan Table of Content Executive Summary……………………………………………………………………3-4 Company Product Description……………………………………………………….5 Strategic Plan and Focus……………………………………………………………..…6 Situation Analysis…………………………………………………………………………..7 Product-Market Focus…………………………………………………………………….8 Marketing Program…………………………….…………………………………………9 Financial Data and Projections……………………………………………………….10-11 Implementation Plan………………………………………………………………………..12 Evaluation and Control…………………………………………………………………….13 Bibliography…………………………………………………………………………………….14 Executive Summary If you still think that hacking webcams is only possible on movies, you are in for a big surprise. Unfortunately, many people still don’t believe that their web cams can be hacked. Hacking web cams is not a big deal now a day. Eexperts say that the technology is readily available for hackers to seize control of home computers, including webcams. And while such cases are rare, law enforcement officials have arrested people in cases that involved webcam hacking. How do hackers control your computer? It usually happens when you click on a file, link or pop-up window created by a hacker and without realizing you could install malicious software on your hard drives. That opens the door for hackers to control your computer. All of these began a few years ago with well-known China cyber-spy network...
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...books and also on the editorial advisory boards of several academic journals. He has a first class honors degree and doctorate in economics from Sussex University, UK. In parallel to his business career, he has also pursued a full academic career, holding senior posts at various universities. He is now a visiting professor at De Montfort, Oxford Brookes and Portsmouth Universities, teaches economics for the Open University and marketing for Exeter University. Jane Fae Ozimek The author is a writer and researcher in the areas of IT, Business and the Law. Jane is currently editor of the Journal of Database Marketing and has previously published works on the use of statistics in business and Marketing Resource Management. Recent research papers include publications on the misuse of security protocols by major corporations, and a re-evaluation of the Loyalty Ladder concept in marketing theory. Jane was also co-author of the recently published Carbon Trading and the Effect of the Copenhagen Agreement (published by Business Insights, 2010). 2 Disclaimer Copyright © 2011 Business Insights Ltd This report is published by Business Insights (the Publisher). This report contains information from reputable sources and although reasonable efforts have been made to publish accurate information, you assume sole responsibility for the selection, suitability and use of this report and acknowledge that the Publisher makes no warranties (either express or implied) as to, nor accepts liability...
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...1 Retail logistics: changes and challenges John Fernie and Leigh Sparks It is often taken for granted that products will be available to buy in the shops. The cornucopia of goods that is available in a hypermarket or a department store sometimes means that we forget how the products were supplied. We expect our lettuces to be fresh, the new Playstation to be available on launch day and our clothes to be in good condition and ready to wear. With the introduction of e-commerce we have come to demand complete availability and home delivery at times of our choosing. Consumer beliefs and needs have altered. Our willingness to wait to be satisfied or served has reduced and we expect instant product availability and gratification. It should be obvious from this that the supply or logistics system that gets products from production through retailing to consumption has also needed to be transformed. Physical distribution and materials management have been replaced by logistics management and a subsequent concern for the whole supply chain (Figure 1.1). This logistics transformation derives from cost and service requirements as well as consumer and retailer change (see Fernie, 1990; Fernie and Sparks, 1998). Elements of logistics are remarkably expensive, if not controlled effectively. Holding stock or inventory in warehouses just in case it is needed is a highly costly activity. The stock itself is expensive and might not sell or could become obsolete. Warehouses and distribution...
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...Introductory Marketing Place Chapter 11 Armstrong/ Kotler Marketing: An Introduction Marketing Channels and Supply Chain Management I. The Nature of Distribution Channels Channels of Distribution is known as "Place" in the "4 P's" model of Marketing. Distribution Channels provide the utility of place, of having products where the customer wants when the customer wants them. In these days of customer focus and emphasis on competition, the 4 P's model is considered very simplistic, and I've always thought that was probably why Marketers began referring to Place as Channels, to move us away from "The "4 P's" as a description of all of what Marketing is about; nevertheless, "place" is a convenient way to think of the term Channels of Distribution. |Distribution is particularly important in a country |[pic] | |like Canada with our huge size and our northern | | |climate. Every spring, trucks go down through the ice | | |in places where frozen water is used as a seasonal | | |road; this truck is sinking in Lake Winnipeg. | | |[pic] ...
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