T EAM T HUMB S TART
A keyless ignition system using a fingerprint scanner for motorcycles

Brandon Aldecoa Robert Rebich Anas Husain

Table of Contents
1. Background……………………………………………………………………………...1 2. System Architecture……………………………………………………………….....…...2 3. Concepts Considered………………………………………………………………….....4 3.1 Fingerprint Scanner…………………………………………………………….4 3.2 Radio Frequency Link…………………………………………………….…….4 4. Concepts Chosen………………………………………………………………….……..5 4.1 Fingerprint Module……………………………………………………….…….5 4.2 Microcontroller………………………………………………………….……...6 4.3 Transmitter…………………………………………………………….……….7 4.4 Receiver……………………………………………………………….………..8 4.5 Encoder/Decoder……………………………………………………..………..9 4.6 ATTINY45/Relay…………………………………………………….……….10 4. Future Work……………………………………………………………………….…....11 Appendix A…………………………………………………………………………….…13 Table 1. Backup system decision matrix……………………………………….…..13 Table 2. Budget breakdown………………………………………………….……13 Table 3. List of part for transmitter circuitry………………………………….…...14 Table 4. List of part for receiver circuitry…………………………………….…....15 Appendix B…………………………………………………………………………….…16 Figure 8. Transmitter schematic……………………………………………….…..16 Figure 9. Receiver schematic………………………………………………….…...17 Appendix C………………………………………………………………………….……18 Final board layout Appendix D…………………………………………………………………………..…...19 Code for ATMEGA48 in transmitter circuit Appendix E………………………………………………………………………...……...29 Code for ATTINY45 in receiver circuit Important Data Sheets…………………………………………………………………….30

1

1. BACKGROUND
Biketronics Inc, a local company in Moscow Specializing in motorcycle electronics requested the help of a senior design team from the University of Idaho. Team ThumbStart has been chosen to research and design a fingerprint scanner system that can replace the traditional key ignition system that is commonly used on motorcycles. The integration of a keyless ignition system using a fingerprint scanner into existing motorcycle technologies is possible. There are many different design considerations that have been taken into account. We have proposed a design and have a working final prototype that can successfully implement the fingerprint system into a wide variety of motorcycles. This system uses fingerprint data and allows the vehicle owner to operate the motorcycle without the need of keys. The system requires no hardware to be carried, but must maintain the same or higher level of security than the key ignition. The design only allows authenticated users to enroll a new fingerprint as well as start and operate the bike. The system will not activate if an authorized user is not authenticated. A method to train at least two sets of unique fingerprint has been implemented. Bikes have very little open space to store things. The entire package is small enough to fit on a wide variety of motorcycle designs. The final product must be reliable enough to withstand the harsh conditions of the road. The final product will be backed by a lifetime company warranty, which means the final design must be reliable and robust. This project consists of combining of the shelf technologies together in a new way that can be beneficial to motorcyclists and possibly others. Currently, all the main hardware components of our project have been developed by companies and are readily available for purchase. The circuitry and algorithm for the Suprema fingerprint scanner has been purchased in a stand-alone module. Other major components such as the ATMEL
1

microprocessor and the keypad are also available and have been purchased. A large portion of the overall design is coding an algorithm to implement the desired functions between each hardware block. Other major design criteria are the environmental conditions that the system will be exposed to. This means that the device will be exposed to rain, heat, cold, grease, dirt and many other harmful and possibly damaging factors. The device is designed so it can be mounted almost anywhere on the motorcycle. It is also small enough so it can be hidden under other parts of the motorcycle. The integration of this design required knowledge of laboratory equipment, C programming, circuit level board design and chip level communication.

2. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
Fingerprint Scanner Module

Microcontroller
Keypad

Radio Frequency (RF)

Receiver Circuitry/Relay

Figure 1. System Architecture

Above is a top-level block diagram of the system architecture. The design is relatively simple composing of five main components. The main components consist of a microcontroller, a fingerprint scanner module, a keypad, a radio frequency (RF) linkage, and
2

a relay that is controlled through another microprocessor. Some of the main components require external lower-level circuitry for practical operation, which is not depicted in the toplevel diagram. The heart of the system is the microcontroller that is capable of handling communications between the fingerprint scanner module, keypad and transmitter. All operations are controlled though the microcontroller. The microcontroller stores the main C program onboard, which is responsible for the entire system operation. Nothing will function independently of the microcontroller. The fingerprint scanner module is responsible for detecting the thermal signature of the fingerprint into a useable template image. The onboard computer determines if the scan was valid or not and relays that information to the microcontroller. There is two-way communication between the microcontroller and the fingerprint scanner module. The keypad is the only input to the system that the user will have. The keypad is connected directly into the microcontroller, which processes all button inputs. Every system will come with a default code. One first use the user must reset the code to ensure the code is unique to their system. This user code unlocks the system so that new fingerprint can be added to the system. The RF linkage takes place between the microcontroller and the motorcycle’s starter relay. The RF block consists of an encoder and transmitter pair and a receiver and decoder pair. The microcontroller communicates through the transmitter, letting the receiver know that a valid scan occurred. The encoder and decoder are used to convert a digital signal into a RF signal and also to encrypt the RF transmission using KEELOQ. When a valid scan occurs the microprocessor on the receiver will engage the relay.
3

3. CONCEPTS CONSIDERED
Among many different ideas that were considered over the scope of the project the following are the major considerations that we took into account when selecting the major components of the project.

3.1

Fingerprint Scanner
There are many different options for fingerprint scanners that could have met the

needs of this project. We researched various types of scanners, their reliability, and temperature range. Suprema Inc. offers many different solutions with products that offer thermal, optical, capacitive or electromagnetic scanners. Each scanner had it benefits and down sides whether it was fingerprint recognition speed, temperature range, or scanner footprint. All of these factors were taken into consideration when selecting a scanner. Some of the came with DSP that had the fingerprint algorithms already programmed onto them while others just offered the scanner as a stand alone module. We looked at some of the common algorithm methods used for pattern recognition. Though some seemed manageable to possibly implement this seemed unnecessary when there were products that already had the algorithm implemented with the scanner.

3.2 Radio Frequency Link
There are many different companies that produce small RF receivers and transmitters. We were looking for a simple, reliable, easy to implement transmitter and receiver that would meet our needs. Micrel Inc. produced a wide variety of transmitters and receivers. They have simple transmitters that are similar to garage door openers to transmitters that can transmit serial data and all the matching receiver packages. A low cost
4

and low power consumption unit that can transmit an on off signal are going to be the main factors for our selection. Another option is also available. A company produces wireless relays that are turned on using a key fob. We could use this to be our RF link to a relay. The draw back to this is that it is much more expensive. A circuit designed and built by us will be about a quarter of the cost of the wireless relay produced by this company.

4. CONCEPTS CHOSEN
4.1 Fingerprint Module

A company called Suprema Inc offers a stand-alone embedded fingerprint module. The module is comprised of scanner that is controlled directly though a digital signal processor (DSP). Suprema offers four different types of scanners that can be attached to the DSP. The thermal scanner has many advantages over the other scanner technologies. The thermal scanner is very simple with a robust design that can withstand the road conditions. The thermal scanner naturally cleans itself after each swipe, making it ideal for the situation. The DSP contains a built in fingerprint recognition algorithm. The algorithm can process a single fingerprint in less than one second and has the ability to read finger swipes from up to a 45-degree finger rotation. The on-board memory can store almost two
Figure 2 Suprema Scanner Module

5

thousand different fingerprint templates, which allows more than enough users to be enrolled into the system. The orange ribbon cable that connects the DSP with the scanner is only a few inches in length. The cable cannot be lengthened because of the serial communication that happens on the traces. If the cable is longer, the serial communication may become unrecognizable from cross talk and other forms of distortion. The two components are packaged together. The thermal scanner is folded over the bottom of the DSP and mechanically mounted together.

4.2 Microcontroller
There are many different types of microcontroller available for purchase. Biketronics has been using a microcontroller from Atmel in many of their other products. The decision to use an Atmel microcontroller was strongly suggested because of their wide range of chips that vary in memory size, capability and speed.

Figure 3 ATMEGA48 Layout

6

The ATMEGA48 microprocessor from the Atmel AVR family is chosen because it satisfied every need of the design. The 28-pin package is small in size, has industrial temperature ratings and can handle up to 23 input-output pins (I/O’s). Although not all the I/O’s are used, further expansion if the design can be easily implemented. The chip also has two forms of onboard memory: 4Kb Flash and 256b EEPROM. The C code is stored into Flash memory and the unique user code is stored into the EEPROM. The chip also supports serial communication. The universal synchronous asynchronous receiver/transmitter (USART) serial protocol is used to communicate between the fingerprint scanner DSP and the microcontroller. The onboard RC oscillator on the microcontroller cannot be calibrated well enough to maintain precise USART communication; an external crystal oscillator is used for the precise clocking. The operating voltage of this chip is between 3 and 5 volts. The fingerprint scanner module operates at 3.3 volts; the Atmel chip is also being operated at the same potential. The pins on the microcontroller supply up to 40mA of output current that are used to supply onsite power to other board components.

4.3

Transmitter
A transmitter is needed to send the radio frequency transmission to the starter relay

device to engage it.

Micrel Inc provides a wide variety of transmitters for easy

implementation. The MICRF113 is the ideal transmitter for our needs and is the chosen model. This transmitter has an operating voltage range from 1.8 to 3.3 volts and very low current consumption, typically 12.3mA. The device powers from an IO pin on the

microcontroller so that the device is only consuming power when there is a transmission. This keeps the power consumption of the entire system to a minimum. External resistors, capacitors and inductor are used to build a matching network for the antenna.

7

The MICRF113 transmits at a range of frequencies depending on the value of the crystal oscillator as well as capacitors connected to pins 1 and 4. We set our transmitter to transmit at 315MHz using a 9.84375MHz crystal oscillator. It operates with amplitude shift keying/on-off keyed protocol (ASK/OOK). This transmitter transmits up to 200m if
!"#$%&'

properly matched to the antenna. For this application, transmission is a maximum of 5m so '
'

'

antenna matching is not important and a simple Configuration Pin wire antenna is used. The small 6-pin SIOC package is the simplest transmitter produced by Micrel. In the pin layout the ASK pin is the input data pin.
'

Figure 4 Standard 8-Pin SOIC (M)
'

The oscillator and capacitors are connected MICRF010 Receiver Layout Pin Description
Pin pin is Pin Name across pins XTLIN and XTLOUT. The PAOUTNumberconnected to thePin Function antenna. -' 1' ;/0?'$%@/$0'@>'@D%'A>E% #KAK#"@>$'?%@K"&FH'

4.4 Receiver

J0@%00K'7(0A/@:B''$MK@">0N'L> A%$L>$MK0#%'@D%'K0@%00K'"MA%?K0#%'FD>/&?'O%'M

6'

S>E%$'F"@"T%'$'@D #KAK#"@>$'L$>M'@D"F'@>';0F'(0L>$MK@">0N'L>$'F%&%#@">0H'

transmitter.

The MICRF010 we selected on recommendation R"C"@K&']/@A/@'7]/@A/@:B')!]MAK@"O&%'? from a technical 2' R]'
5' _' 9' C"#4&%T%&'#>0

"F'A/&&%?4/A'"0@%$0K&&G'@>';RRH' representative from Micrel. This is also a small 8-pin SIOC package that operates at 5V.

This part also runs on a very low current, 2.9mA typically. The receiver is highly sensitive (104dBm) and has automatic tuning so there is no need to manually do this. An oscillator,

J=)')KAK#"@>$'7U\@%$0K&')>MA>0%0@:B''(0@%C$K@"0 $MK@">0N'L>$'#KAK#"@>$'F%&%#

*%L%$%0#%']F#"&&K@>$'7U\@%$0K&')>MA>0%0@'>$'(0A/ K&"C0M%0@H'

capacitors and inductors are used to set the center frequency at 315 MHz to match with the transmitter. The oscillator is connected to the REFOSC pin. The frequency is set by the values of inductors and capacitors connected to CTH, SHUT, and CAGC. The antenna on the receiver is connected to the ANT pin and again no matching between the antenna and chip

8

because the short distant these devices are transmitting over. The DO pin is the data out

pin. The data put into the ASK pin on the transmitter is the output on the DO pin on the receiver package.

HCS300

KEELOQ® Code Hopping Encoder
DESCRIPTION
The HCS300 from Microchip Technology Inc. is a code hopping encoder designed for secure Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) systems. The HCS300 utilizes the KEELOQ code hopping technology, incorporating high security, a of these fingerprint scanner systems. ThereThe HCS300 is a small package outline and low cost. needs perfect solution for unidirectional remote keyless entry receiver for systems and access control a receiver will security reasons so that systems.

FEATURES

4.5 Encoder/Decoder Security

• Programmable 28-bit serial number • Programmable 64-bit encryption key Biketronics will be producing many • Each transmission is unique • 66-bit transmission code length •to be a hopping code one transmitter to one 32-bit way to pair • 28-bit serial number, 4-bit button code, 2-bit status •engagekeys relay only when it receives a transmission Crypt the are read protected

PACKAGE TYPES from PDIP, SOIC

HCS515
HCS300

Operating its paired transmitter. An encoder OQdecoder are used to EE and ®

8 VDD • 2.0V - 6.3V operation LED 7 2 S1 •ensurebutton inputs Four pairing between only the two devices. Microchip FEATURES DESCRIPTION • No additional circuitry required 6 PWM 3 S2 The Microchip Technology Inc. HCS515 is a code hop•sells functions available 15 a variety of encoder and decoders that are very Security VSS ping decoder designed for secure Remote Keyless S3 4 5 • Selectable baud rate • Encrypted storage of manufacturer’s code Entry (RKE) systems. The HCS515 utilizes the pat•inexpensive; each unit is less that $2.00. Automatic code word completion ented code hopping system and high security learning • Encrypted storage of encoder decryption keys • Low battery signal transmitted to receiver mechanisms to make this a canned HCS300 BLOCK DIAGRAMsolution when used • Up to seven transmitters can be learned code • Non-volatile encoders anddata This synchronization decoders use a protocol with the HCS encoders to implement a unidirectional called hopping technology remote and Oscillator control systems. The HCS515 can access Figure 6 Power • Normal and secure learning mechanisms latching Other be are as a stand-alone decoder or in conjunction used and Controller KEELOQ to encrypt and decrypt data. The encoder we RESET circuit switching with a microcontroller. • Easy-to-use programming interface

K

L

Code HoppingS0Decoder 1

Operating

LED

HCS300 Encoder Layout

LED driver •using is the HCS300. It has an input voltage of 3.3V and also On-chip EEPROM PACKAGE TYPE • 4.5V – 5.5V operation • On-chip oscillator and timing components • Internal oscillator PDIP, SOIC •draws very low current when it is idle. This encoder has Button inputs have internal pull-down resistors EEPROM • Auto bit rate detection • Current limiting on LED output NC 1 •four input pins that are pulled high or low for input states. Low external component cost Other PWM

Encoder

14

NC NC

NC

• Stand-alone decoder Typical Applications

13 2 32-bit shift register

12 Vss VDD 3 These pins are for connectedstorage the ATMEGA48 to • Internal EEPROM transmitter The HCS300 is ideal for Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) VSS S1 • Synchronous serial interface 4 Button input11 port RF_IN applications. These applications include: • 1 Kbit user EEPROM microprocessor. The KEELOQ protocol encrypts these VDD 10 S_CLK 5 S0 • Automotive RKE systems • 14-pin DIP/SOIC package • Automotive alarm systems 9 S_DAT into a different unique 64-bit packet that it sends out on the MCLR 6 S3 S2 S1 S0 • Automotive immobilizers Typical Applications 8 NC 7 NC • Gate and garage door openers • Automotive remote entry systems The HCS300 combines a 32-bit hopping code, PWM line. Even for the same input the 64-bit packet is • Identity tokens generated by a nonlinear encryption algorithm, with a • Automotive alarm systems Figure 6 • Burglar alarm systems 28-bit serial number and 6 information bits to create a • Automotive immobilizers unique for every transmission. The PWM pin is connected word. The code word length eliminates the BLOCK DIAGRAM 66-bit code HCS515 Decoder Layout • Gate and garage openers threat of code scanning and the code hopping mechaElectronic door RFIN to• the ASK inputlocks on the transmitter. pin nism makes each transmission unique, thus rendering Reception Register • Identity tokens code capture and resend schemes useless. • Burglar alarm systems DECRYPTOR

HCS515

EE_DAT

Compatible Encoders
! 2001 Microchip Technology Inc.

Internal EEPROM

CONTROL EE_CLK

All encoders and transponders configured for the following setting: • PWM modulation format (1/3-2/3)
OSCILLATOR

S_DAT S_CLK S0 9 S1 MCLR DS21137F-page 1

The decoder, HCS515, is connected to the MICRF010 receiver. This also operates at 5V just like all the circuitry in the receiver module. The DO pin on the receiver is connected to the RF_IN pin on the decoder. This data is still encrypted and the KEELOQ protocol decodes the data stream and then outputs it on pins S0 and S1. The data has now traveled from the microprocessor, been encrypted, transmitted, received and then decrypted again. The HCS515 is not the smallest decoder Microchip manufactures but it is the smallest chip that has the data out pins S0 and S1. The smaller modules only output serial data, which is more complex and unnecessary for our application. An encoder and decoder are paired together. There are several different pairing techniques and we are using the most basic pair method. To do this we have purchased a KEELOQ Evaluation Kit. The decoder is put into a learn mode and then the encoder sends it a data stream. The decoder then knows the unique seed for the encoder and the two devices are paired and only work with each other.

4.6

ATTINY45/Relay
Each motorcycle has several relays that control different electronics, lights or ignition

of the bike. We modified the relay that controls the ignition so that a microprocessor controls when the relay is engaged. The microprocessor selected was the Atmel ATTINY45 due to the small package. There are 8 pins on the package and only 6 I/O’s. This is the smallest package Atmel produces.

10

When the receiver receives a good scan signal, an input pin is pulled high on the ATTINY45 for 50ms. The ATTINY45 then pulls an output pin high turning on a Nchannel enhancement mode MOSFET. The code on the microprocessor is very basic. It loops and waits for an input on one pin and when it gets an input on that pin it pulls a different pin high to turn on the MOSFTET. The MOSFET is connected and used as the switch is in Figure 7 to turn on the relay. The gate of the MOSFET is connected to the output from the ATTINY45, the drain is connected to relay and the source is connected to ground. The relay will not be able to be turned on until the MOSFET is turned on.
Figure 7 Bike Relay Circuit

5. FUTURE WORK
A working prototype of this product was produced and confirmed by starting a motorcycle. The user was able to set a new unique user code, enroll new fingerprints, delete all the fingerprints currently on the system and most important start the motorcycle. Though the prototype did function areas of the design still need to be improved before it can be sold as a reliable final product. The microcontrollers on both the receiver and transmitters have working code. The code for ATMEGA48 microcontroller on the transmitter needs to be expanded. The user needs to have a user code they program into the system when they first receive it. This user code needs to be stored to EEPROM so that it will not be lost when power to the system is

11

lost. The menu for a user to input a unique code is in place it only needs to be modified to store the value into the non-volatile memory. The RF link is functional and has shown to have a much greater range than is necessary for this application. When testing the RF we found that it is much more sensitive than we expected. The parts had to be handled with care not to damage any of them. For this reason a package that is very protective for the circuit is extremely necessary to minimize the amount of vibration, temperature swings, and overvoltage to the part. If these items are taken into consideration for the packaging the device should operate properly over the short distance range. The packaging for the entire transmitter module must also be considered. Though this module has shown to be more rugged than the receiver module this is still subject to temperature and other weather conditions. The enclosure holding the scanner module as well as the other transmitter circuitry also needs to be aesthetically pleasing on a motorcycle.

12

Appendix A Pros Key fob (RF)
·Wireless ·Already using RF for starter relay ·Need to have device with you

Keypad
·No hardware to carry ·Cheap, simple ·Universal: stock or custom ·Extra piece of hardware to implement

Handle bar combo
·No external device needed

Smart card
·Cheap ·Small, light

Bluetooth
·Ubiquity of Bluetooth phones

Cons

·Complicated to implement ·Near impossible to implement on a stock bike

·Smart card required

·Need cell phone with Bluetooth capability ·A diff. transceiver ·Licensing expensive

Table 1 Budget Part
Atmel AVR PIC Suprema SFM3010-FC Keypad Relay Oscillators All LED's, Capacitors, and Inductors Voltage regulators MICRF010 Receiver MICRF113 Transmitter HCS300 Encoder HCS515 Decoder Total Cost

Cost
$2.50 $125.00 $10 $15 $1.50 $5.00 $0.78 $2.21 $0.88 $1.63 $3.35 $152.85

Order size
1 1 1 1 1 20 of each 20 10 10 10 10 -

Table 2 Cost breakdown of various components

13

Part name
Suprema Abracon C1 C1_T C10_T C13_T ,C14_T C2 C2_T C3 , C4 C5_T C7_T Encoder I_lim1,2,3 IC1 L1_T

Value
N/A 1.8432 22 10 0.1 18 10 100 18 10 6.8 HCS300 147 MIRCF113 470

Unit
N/A MHz uF uF uf pF uF pF pF pF pF Encoder Ohm Transmitter nH

Package/Footprint
SFM 3010-FC HC49/U Threw hole 1.00mm _0805 _0603 _0603 _0805 _0603 _0603 _0603 _0603 8-SOIC _0603 SOT23-6 _0805

Manufacturer
Suprema INC Abracon Corporation Panasonic - ECG muRata muRata muRata muRata muRata muRata muRata muRata Microchip Technology Panasonic - ECG Micrel Inc Toko America Inc JW Miller A Bourns Company Micrel Inc

Digi‐key Part number
N/A 535-9009-ND P950-ND 490-1717-1-ND 490-1519-1-ND 490-3573-1-ND 490-1717-1-ND 490-1427-1-ND 490-3573-1-ND 490-3570-1-ND 490-3563-1-ND HCS300/SN-ND P147HCT-ND 576-3229-1-ND LLQ2012-ER47J-ND

L4_T LM340MP-05

150 5 ATMEGA 48 N-Channel 100 9.84375

nH V

_0603 SOT223

M1257CT-ND MIC2920A-5.0BS-ND

MEGA-48 Q4 - MOSFET R2_T Y1

N/A N/A kOhm MHz

28-DIP SOT 23-3 _0603 HC49/US

Atmel STMicroelectronics Vishay/Dale Abracon Corporation

ATMEGA48-20PI-ND 497-3111-1-ND 541-100KHCT-ND 535-9689-1-ND

Table 3 Parts List for the Transmitter side

14

Part name
C2_R C3_R C5_R, C10_R C7_R C8_R C9_R D1 Decoder IC2 L3_R L5_R L6_R, L7_R, L9_R Q3 Q4 MOSFET

Value
1.8 6.8 4.7 100 0.47 100 5.1V Zener HCS515 ATTINY45 51 39

Unit pF pF uF pF uF nF Diode Decoder N/A nH nH

Package
_0603 _0603 _0603 _0603 _0603 _0603 DO-214AC 14-SOIC 8 - DIP _0603 _0603

Manufacturer muRata Electronics muRata Electronics muRata Electronics muRata Electronics muRata Electronics muRata Electronics Micro Commercial Co Microchip Technology Atmel Taiyo Yuden muRata Electronics

Digi‐key Part number
490-1378-1-ND 490-3563-1-ND 490-3297-1-ND 490-1427-1-ND 490-3291-2-ND 490-1519-1-ND SMAZ5V1-TPMSCT-ND HCS515-I/SL-ND ATTINY45-20PU-ND 587-2057-1-ND 490-1176-1-ND

Ferrite bead 9.7941MHz

N/A Oscillator

_0603 HC49

muRata Electronics Abracon Corporation

240-2377-1-ND 535-9694-1-ND

N-Channel

N/A

SOT 23-3

STMicroelectronics Stackpole Electronics Inc

497-3111-1-ND RMCF1/24705%RDKRND

R2 R4_R, R6, PULLUP U1

470

Ohm

_2010

100 MIRCF010

kOhm Receiver

_0603 8-SOIC

Vishay/Dale Micrel Inc

541-100KHCT-ND 576-1962-5-ND

Table 4. Parts List for the Receiver side

15

APPENDIX B

Figure 8 Transmitter Circuit Schematic

16

Figure 9 Receiver Circuit Schematic

17

APPENDIX C

Figure 10 Final Board Layout (transmitting side)

18

APPENDIX D
/********************************************* * Team ThumbStart Univeristy of Idaho * Code Date: 12/07/2008 * Chip type : ATmega48 * Clock frequency : 1.843200 MHz * * PD0 RX PB1 Row 1 * PD1 TX PB2 Row 2 * PD2 COL1 PB3 Row 3 * PD3 COL2 PB4 Row 4 * PD4 COL3 PB5 Button for scanner * PD5 Power for Suprema PB6 XTAL1 * PC0 green LED PB7 XTAL2 * PC1 yellow LED * PC2 red LED * PC4 So for transmitter * PC5 Power for transmitter *********************************************/ #include #include #include #include #include #define F_OSC 1843200 #define baud 9600 #define baudnum F_OSC/16/baud-1 #define keyport PORTD #define keyportddr #define keyportpin PIND #define col1 #define col2 #define col3 #define TRUE #define FALSE #define RETRY #define EXIT #define LOCK #define UNLOCK #define EX #define OK //Clock Speed //Baud Rate //baudnum calculation //Keypad Port //Data Direction Register //Keypad Port Pins //Column1 PD2 //Column2 PD3 //Column3 PD4

DDRD PD2 PD3 PD4 1 0 2 3 0 1 2 3

//void led_on(int); int getkey(void); void setulock(void); void store_code(void); void keypad_init(void); void delayus(unsigned char); void delayms(unsigned char); void send_bytes(char *, int); char getinput(unsigned char); void init_usart(unsigned int);

//get input from keypad and buttons //used to set a new user code //stores the new user code //initializes all the ports

//initializes the USART serial communication

19

unsigned char usart_receive(void); void usart_transmit(unsigned char); unsigned char translate(unsigned char);//translates the key inputs to values int check(unsigned char *,unsigned char *,unsigned char); void reset_receive(void); //resets the receive array after receiving a string void get_scan(void); //decodes received string void transmit_signal(void); //turns on all transmitter parts and send data pulse unsigned char input[10], userlock[5], defaultulock[5], masterlock[10]; unsigned char masterlock[10]="1234554321", defaultulock[5]="96543", userlock[5], input[10]; char enroll[15] = {0x41,0x01,0x00,0x05,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x79,0xC0,0x0A}; //enroll char del[15] = {0x41,0x01,0x00,0x17,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x59,0x0A}; //delete char identify[15] = {0x41,0x01,0x00,0x11,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x53,0x0A}; //identify char en_no_scan[15] = {0x41,0x01,0x00,0x05,0x02,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x6C,0xB5,0x0A}; char no_snan[15] = {0x41,0x01,0x00,0x11,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x6C,0xBF,0x0A}; volatile char receive[29]; char EEMEM storEEPROM[15]={0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}; char hex = 0xB5; char hex1 = 0xBC; char hex2 = 0xBE; char hex3 = 0xB6; char hex4 = 0x6C; char hex5 = 0xBF; char hex6 = 0x05; char hex7 = 0xB6; char hex8 = 0x11; char hex9 = 0x6B; char hex10 = 0xB9; char hex11 = 0x61; char hex12 = 0x41; //Hex values to decode the received signal from Suprema

int lockstatus, keystatus=FALSE, newlock=FALSE, keyval; //declares/initializes int global variables unsigned char status; //declares unsigned char global variable volatile int z=0;//declares z volatile int, z is counter in the receive array void main() { init_usart(baudnum); UCSR0B |=(18); //set baud rate UBRR0L = (unsigned char)ubrr; //set baud rate UCSR0B = (1