...essay Financial And Business Accounting Financial And Business Accounting Print version essay is available for you! You can search Free Term Papers and College Essay Examples written by students!. Join Essays24.comand get instant access to Financial And Business Accounting and over 30,000 other Papers and Essays Category: Business Autor: anton 01 December 2010 Words: 1039 | Pages: 5 Financial accounting is defined as measuring and recording business transactions and providing financial statements that are based on generally accepted accounting principles. It focuses on external reporting. The purpose of financial accounting it to aid accounts in their function of overseeing an organizations financial assets. The central outputs of financial accounting are audited financial statements such as balance sheets and income statements. Financial accounting is geared toward providing information to parties outside the firm, for example prospective shareholders. By contrast, managerial account which measures and reports financial and non-financial information tat helps managers make decisions to abide by the goals of an organization. It focuses on internal reporting. The tools used by managerial accountants to meet their goal of decision support are such things as budgets, activity-based costing and financial planning. Managerial account is designed for internal use by firm’s managers. Cost accounting is a subset of the more inclusive area of managerial accounting. Cost...
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... Auditing and accounting principles in the United States of America are considered strong and sophisticated. Transparency and disclosure are really emphasized in American companies, and because of this the downfall of Andersen and Enron still raises questions. This has since become a case of reference in review of issues concerning financial reporting and auditing. It has also been used to explain about regulations on auditing and accounting inside and outside America. This case has brought about huge implications on corporate governance to other countries. Enron Corporation declared its bankruptcy in the year 2001. Afterwards, Anderson’s downfall occurred in 2002. It has been a big question, outside America, on what brought about this failure. The General Accepted Accounts Principles, in the US, are very well developed. These principles require clear disclosures of financial statements that are audited. They also require an established federal agency and a commission to monitor financial reporting. Cases have been written, from the failures of Enron and Andersen, for the exploration of accounting, auditing and financial reporting issues in the US. The head of auditing of Enron Corporation was fired during the company’s downfall for destroying important documents, upon realizing that the company’s accounting methods were being investigated by the commission of Securities and Exchange. The destruction of the accounting documents compromised with accounting standard principles...
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...BUS5AFS ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE FOR SUSTAINABLE VALUE CREATION Topic 2: Principles of Accounting Semester 1, 2014 ACCOUNTING AND FINANCE FOR SUSTAINABLE VALUE CREATION TOPIC 2: PRINCIPLES OF ACCOUNTING La Trobe Business School BUS5AFS: Topic 2 – Principles of Accounting 1 Topic Learning Outcomes 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Discuss the nature and purpose of accounting. Explain the five basic financial elements of a business. Explain the underlying concepts of recognising and measuring the financial elements. List the four basic financial statements used in business decision making. List the basic tools for analysing financial statements. BUS5AFS: Topic 2 – Principles of Accounting 2 La Trobe Business School Prescribed reading Hill, G. and Martin, T. Principles of Accounting and Finance Pearson Australia, 2014 Chapter 2 La Trobe Business School BUS5AFS: Topic 2 – Principles of Accounting 3 1.1 Discuss the nature and purpose of accounting. PURPOSE OF ACCOUNTING …….. to provide information to permit informed judgments and decisions regarding the allocation of resources, managing & directing those resources, custodianship (stewardship) & mandatory requirements …….. La Trobe Business School BUS5AFS: Topic 2 – Principles of Accounting 4 ACCOUNTING VALUE ADDS • • • • • • Improve quality and reduce costs Improve sharing knowledge Improve supply chain Improve efficiency and effectiveness Improve internal control Improve decision...
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...1.0 Managerial Accounting Managerial accounting is a field of accounting that provides economic and financial information for managers and other internal users (Weygandt, Kimmel & Kieso, 2012). Managerial accounting is an important internal business function. Many companies use managerial accounting to record and report their internal financial information. There are differences between financial accounting and managerial accounting. Financial accounting focuses on preparing financial reports and releasing information to the public while managerial accounting focuses on preparing financial information for internal review and decision making. Managerial accounting offers several important tools for measuring the company operational performance. Common types of managerial accounting include job costing, process costing, activity-based costing and also budgeting. 2.0 Benefits of Managerial Accounting Practices Towards Business Organization Create Competitive Advantage Management accounting can help businesses create a competitive advantage. Many business owners focus on creating consumer goods with lowest-priced and highest-quality product in the market. The ability to review financial information through managerial accounting is important in creating a financial competitive advantage. In 2010, Maxis Berhad wins excellence award in management accounting from the national award for management accounting (NAfMA). One of the winning criteria is the company ability to create...
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...1. Introduction: Financial accountancy (or financial accounting) is the field of accountancy concerned with the preparation of financial statements for decision makers, such as stockholders, suppliers, banks, employees, government agencies, owners and other stakeholders. Financial capital maintenance can be measured in either nominal monetary units or units of constant purchasing power. The central need for financial accounting is to reduce the various principal-agent problems, by measuring and monitoring the agents' performance and thereafter reporting the results to interested users. Financial accountancy is used to prepare accountancy data for people outside the organization or for those, who are not involved in the mundane administration of the company. Management accounting, provides accounting information to help managers make decisions to manage and enhance the business. In short, financial accounting is the process of sum-arising financial data, which is taken from an organization's accounting records and publishing it in the form of annual or quarterly reports, for the benefit of people outside the organization. Financial accountancy is governed not only by local standards but also by international accounting standard. 2. Role of Financial Accounting: • Financial accounting generates some key documents, which includes profit and loss account, patterning the method of business traded for a specific period and the balance sheet that provides a statement, showing mode...
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...Introduction: 2 P1.1: Accounting in tourism or hospitality organization. 3 P1.2: Difference between financial and management accounting 3 P1.3: Difference between a sole trader, a partnership and a limited company 4 P1.5: Use of financial software in Tourism and Hospitality business 5 P1.6: Impact of changes in IT and internet on hotels and airlines 6 P2.1: Double-entry book-keeping 6 P2.2: Calculattion and account for VAT on purchases and Sales 7 P2.3: Cash receipts, cash payments and bank reconciliation 8 P3.1: How a trial balance is constructed 8 P3.2: Trial balance along with adjustments used to prepare fianl accounts 9 P4.1: Sources of finance available to a business 9 P4.2: Reasons and the process of budgetary control 10 P4.3: How to prepare a simple cash budget 11 Conclusion: 12 References…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….13 Introduction: Business organizations face intense competition in today’s global business world. Tourism and hospitality are very large industry. A lot business organization is competing for their success in tourism and hospitality industry. The success of business organizations depends mostly on managerial decision making. However managers cannot make proper decisions if there is no information available. Financial information is the most important information for all kinds of business organizations. Without proper financial information proper...
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...Accredited Undergraduate Courses AUSTRALIAN CAPITAL TERRITORY The Australian National University University of Canberra NEW SOUTH WALES Australian Catholic University Australian Institute of Higher Education Avondale College Charles Sturt University Kings Own Institute Macquarie University Southern Cross University Top Education Institute The University of New England The University of New South Wales The University of Newcastle The University of Sydney University of Technology, Sydney University of Western Sydney University of Wollongong Williams Business College NORTHERN TERRITORY Charles Darwin University QUEENSLAND Australian Catholic University Bond University Central Queensland University Christian Heritage College Griffith University James Cook University Queensland University of Technology The University of Queensland The University of Southern Queensland University of the Sunshine Coast SOUTH AUSTRALIA Flinders University Kaplan Business School The University of Adelaide University of South Australia Open Universities (conferred by Uni of SA) TASMANIA University of Tasmania VICTORIA Australian Catholic University Cambridge International College Carrick Higher Education Deakin University Holmes Institute Holmesglen Institute of TAFE La Trobe University Melbourne Institute of Technology Monash University Northern Melbourne Institute of TAFE RMIT University Swinburne University of Technology The University of Ballarat The University of Melbourne Victoria University WESTERN AUSTRALIA...
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...(finance and accounting) as both have very wide meanings and applications in the business world. Most business has an aim to make profit and to remain solvent and the above two concepts play an important role in achieving this objective. This paper aims to answer the above questions and further goes on to say why both should and are considered a vital part of business and their importance in the whole business set up. Literature Review Accounting has been defined as the soul of the business (Collin P, 2004). Accounting is described as the means by which information is communicated in a firm, and is thus known as the language of business. Accounting is described as a vital function in preventing fraud and corporate corruptions in organisations (Glautier, M.W.E. and B. Underdown, Accounting theory and practice). Accounting is important as it provides information to external parties (stakeholders) by providing a true picture on the business financial position. Finance is described as an administrative function aimed at raising funds for the business (B.B Howard. Introduction to Business Finance). Finance is aimed to maximise the value of the firm and attain the main objectives of the firm; I. Shareholders wealth maximisation II. Profit maximisation This is achieved by determining the optimum capital structure and the efficient utilisation of resources by analysing risk and return (B. B Howard. Introduction to Business Finance). Findings and analysis Accounting Accounting may be...
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...Introduction Accounting is the core of a business or organization as it helps to provide the necessary information which is required to make important economic decisions to ensure the organization or business is moving forward. In the business world, companies are now looking for something to be understood mainly to contribute on its effective business and management progress. The advanced pace in technology and the increasing level of competition among organization structure drastically impacts the position of an accountant. The information required by a company to make decision to make sure it is moving forward is provided by accounting. Both managerial and financial accounting plays a big role by working along to ensure the growth of the organization is in the right path. However, both managerial and financial accounting has its own purpose of improving an organization or a business. “Earlier financial accounting experiments typically sought to determine whether specific accounting policy choices would affect investors’ decisions.” (Pg778-experimental research) (122words) Role of Financial Accounting Every organization or business should be able to know their monetary progress or else they would never be able to evaluate if the business is profitable or the other way around. “The purpose of financial accounting is to provide users of financial statements with information that is useful for efficient decision making.”(accounting for intangible-pg102).It prepares the...
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...The Role of Accounting Accounting is often called “the language of business.” Why? Because it communicates so much of the information that owners, managers, and investors need to evaluate a company’s financial performance. These people are all stakeholders in the business—they’re interested in its activities because they’re affected by them. In fact, the purpose of accounting is to help stakeholders make better business decisions by providing them with financial information. Obviously, you wouldn’t try to run an organization or make investment decisions without accurate and timely financial information, and it’s the accountant who prepares this information. More importantly, accountants make sure that stakeholders understand the meaning of financial information, and they work with both individuals and organizations to help them use financial information to deal with business problems. Actually, collecting all the numbers is the easy part—today, all you have to do is start up your accounting software. The hard part is analyzing, interpreting, and communicating the information. Of course, you also have to present everything clearly while effectively interacting with people from every business discipline. In any case, we’re now ready to define accounting as the process of measuring and summarizing business activities, interpreting financial information, and communicating the results to management and other decision makers. Fields of Accounting Accountants typically work in...
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...Financial Reporting Research In many cases, a business is not successful without a well-organized financial branch of their company. Whether it is a small business and reporting is done by the owner or if it is a large business that has a financial department, a company needs to know if it is making a profit. Modern accounting is believed to have begun around 1494 A.D. Book keeping entered into the Unites States in late 19th century. The first accounting exam was held by and organization in 1896. Today, accounting is used throughout the world and business to communicate, buy, sell and barter with each other very frequently and therefore, International accounting principles have been developed for the entire globe (Csebfalvi, 2012). In today’s highly competitive business world the environment requires companies to create a business strategy that includes accounting. This portion of their business strategy will help them achieve their strategic goals for the organization. In 1973, the International Accounting Standings Committee came in to existence in order to establish new international standards. The International Accounting Standards Board is the committee responsible for developing International Financial Reporting Standards (Knowledge guide to international accounting standards). This firm ensures that businesses are applying these standards to their financial reports. The first recorded account of international accounting was an article by Lord Benson called The...
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...ACCOUNTING REPORT PREPARED BY BENJAMIN ARNOLD STUDENT ID: 1209002 MODULE NAME: INTRODUCTION TO ACCOUNTING MODULE CODE: AC4002 CONTENTS Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..03 The Income Statement of King Charles Fittings ……………………………………………………………………… 03 The Statement of Financial Position of King Charles Fittings …………………………………………………..04 Analysis of financial position ………………………………………………………………………………………05 A short report of accounting ………………………………………………………………………………………………….06 Accounting concepts ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..08 The main accounting professional bodies ………………………………………………………………………………08 Comparison and contrast ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….09 Similarities and differences of the accounting professional bodies ………………………………………..09 References ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..10 INTRODUCTION This is a report of about accounting that will look at two financial statements of King Charles Fittings, income statement and the statement of the financial position, a short report and commentary of accounting bodies listing their similarities and differences . King Charles Fittings Income Statement for the year ended 31 December 2013 £ £ 000 000 Income (Sales) ...
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...* Background * A business is a continuous economic activity carried out to earn profit through: * Production and sales of goods and services to customers * Generating and rendering services * It may be- Manufacturing, Merchandising/Trading Companies, Services or Hybrid companies. * Business Organizations will be of different forms- Sole Proprietorship , Partnership Firm, Joint Stock Company and Others like cooperative, non-profit making etc. * Such organizations need to take different decisions for their business activities. * Financial information is needed for decision making purpose. * Book keeping and Accounting will provide such information. * Meaning of Financial Accounting * Process of identifying, measuring, classifying, recording, summarizing and interpretation of the transactions of a business in terms of money to ascertain the result and financial position of business activities of particular period. * Accounting is the art of recording, classifying and summarizing, in a significant manner and in terms of money, transactions and events which are in the part at least, of a financial character and interpreting the results there of.- AICPA * Its features are- * Financial language * Financial information * Systematic process * Functions * Information system * The Purposes of Financial Accounting The objectives of accounting are- * To maintain records- * To generate accurate and authentic...
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...Advantages of accounting concepts, conventions and regulations. There are many advantages that accounting concepts have on financial statements. Four important accounting concepts that underpin the preparation of any sets of accounts one of which is going concern that helps an account to assume for any future problems that occur in a business. This helps companies to make future plans and gives them time to gather money to sort out any financial problems. Consistency also has an advantage in helping in accounting by users of accounts can make more meaningful comparisons of financial performance. Prudence helps investors sort out financial performance such as future problems and cost of the business before recognising any signs of profits. Accruals also help financial data to be useful for users by all business revenues and cost are recorded in the appropriate statements and at the appropriate time. Conventions also have many advantages in influences financial statements to be useful for investors. Separate entity is one example this convention seeks to ensure that all private transactions and matters relating to the owners are segregated from transactions that relate to the business. This is an advantage because owner’s transactions are kept private. Also they are not mixed with the business finance so that users can clearly see the business financial state. Also materiality is also an important convention in a business financial statement use for users. The preparation...
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...is not sufficient to assure that the Financial Accounting Standards Board will undertake its solution … There must be a suitably high likelihood that the Board can resolve the issues in a manner that will be acceptable to the constituency—without some prior sense of the likelihood that the Board members will be able to reach a consensus, it is generally not advisable to undertake a formal project”. Introduction: The above quotation has been taken from the book of Professor Miller which was published in 1986. Professor says that identifying a problem in the audit process is no guarantee that a solution will be found to the problem. The problem that is referred to in the above quotation is the problems that emerge during an audit that is performed in a business entity. What professor Miller tries to explain is that even if the issue is placed in front of the Financial Accounting Standards Board there is no surety that the Board will take action or responsibility in finding a solution to the problem. When a problem is presented to the Financial Accounting Standards Board there must be reason to believe that the Board members will be able to understand the problem collectively and create a solution to the problem by harmony, if however the chances are not there then an individual or an audit firm should not take up a project formally to try and find resolution though the Financial Accounting Standards Board. Financial Accounting Standards Board The main responsibilities...
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