...Econ 573: Homework #1 Solution Key Question I The file CEOSAL2.wfl contains data on 177 chief executive officers. The variables are defined as follows: 1. salary – 1990 compensation, $1000s 2. age – in years 3. college – =1 if attended college, 0 otherwise 4. grad – =1 if attended graduate school, 0 otherwise 5. comten – years with company 6. ceoten – years as CEO with company 7. sales – 1990 firm sales, millions 8. profits – 1990 profits, millions 9. mktval – market value, end 1990, mills. 10. lsalary – ln(salary) 11. lsales – ln(sales) 12. lmktval – ln(mktval) 13. comtensq – comtenˆ2 14. ceotensq – ceotenˆ2 15. profmarg – profits as % of sales We would like to investigate how CEO compensations are determined. Use lsalary as dependent variable to conduct the analysis. Include a constant, age, college, grad, comten, ceoten, lsales, profits, lmktval as independent variables. Please note that a one unit change in ln(z) can be interpreted as a 100% change in z. 1. Assess the overall goodness of fit the model. (You could imagine how “bad” this model should be given your prior belief that CEO compensations were “out of whack.”) Answer: The regression output is as follows. As can be seen, the R2 is very low, 0.355378, which means only about 35% of the sample variation in lsalary is explained by the model; so the model does not fit well. 1 Dependent Variable: LSALARY Method: Least Squares Sample: 1 177 Included observations: 177 Variable C AGE COLLEGE GRAD COMTEN CEOTEN LSALES PROFITS...
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...International Conference On Applied Economics – ICOAE 2010 299 DOES STOCK MARKET DEVELOPMENT CAUSE ECONOMIC GROWTH? A TIME SERIES ANALYSIS FOR BANGLADESH ECONOMY MD. SHARIF HOSSAIN (PH. D.)1 - KHND. MD. MOSTAFA KAMAL2 Abstract In this paper the principal purpose has been made to investigate the causal relationship between stock market development and economic growth in Bangladesh. To investigate long-run causal linkages between stock market development and economic growth the Engle-Granger causality and ML tests are applied. In this paper another attempt has been made to investigate the non-stationarity in the series of stock market development and economic growth by using modern econometric techniques. The co-integrated tests are applied to know whether this pair of variables shares the same stochastic trend or not. From our analysis it has been found that the stock market development strongly influences the economic growth in Bangladesh economy, but there is no causation from economic growth to stock market development. Thus unidirectional causality has prevailed between stock market development and economic growth in the Bangladesh economy. Also it has been found that all the variables are integrated of order 1, and both the variables stock market development and economic growth share the same stochastic trend in Bangladesh economy. JEL Code: C010 Key Words: Stock Market Development, Causal Relationship, Non-stationarity, Unit Root Test, Co-integrated Tests 1 ...
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...YOUR ECONOMETRICS PAPER BASIC TIPS There are a couple of websites that you can browse to give you some ideas for topics and data. Think about what you want to do with this paper. Econometrics is a great tool to market when looking for jobs. A well-written econometrics paper and your presentation can be a nice addition to your resume. You are not expected to do original research here. REPLICATION of prior results is perfectly acceptable. Read Studenmund's Chapter 11. One of the most frustrating things in doing an econometrics paper is finding the data. Do not spend a lot of time on a topic before determining whether there is data available that will allow you to answer your question. It is a good idea to write down your ideal data set that would allow you to address your topic. If you find that the available data is not even close to what you had originally desired, you might want to change your topic. Also, remember that knowing the location of your data – website, reference book, etc – is not the same as having your data available to use. It may take a LONG time to get the data in a format that EVIEWS can read. Do not leave this till the last minute. For most data, I enter the data into Excel first. I save the Excel sheet in the oldest version, namely MS Excel Worksheet 2.1 . The reason is that format can be read by most programs whereas newer formats may or may not be read. Eviews easily reads an Excel sheet 2.1 version. You should use the...
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...e YOUR ECONOMETRICS PAPER BASIC TIPS There are a couple of websites that you can browse to give you some ideas for topics and data. Think about what you want to do with this paper. Econometrics is a great tool to market when looking for jobs. A well-written econometrics paper and your presentation can be a nice addition to your resume. You are not expected to do original research here. REPLICATION of prior results is perfectly acceptable. Read Studenmund's Chapter 11. One of the most frustrating things in doing an econometrics paper is finding the data. Do not spend a lot of time on a topic before determining whether there is data available that will allow you to answer your question. It is a good idea to write down your ideal data set that would allow you to address your topic. If you find that the available data is not even close to what you had originally desired, you might want to change your topic. Also, remember that knowing the location of your data – website, reference book, etc – is not the same as having your data available to use. It may take a LONG time to get the data in a format that EVIEWS can read. Do not leave this till the last minute. For most data, I enter the data into Excel first. I save the Excel sheet in the oldest version, namely MS Excel Worksheet 2.1 . The reason is that format can be read by most programs whereas newer formats may or may not be read. Eviews easily reads an Excel sheet 2.1 version. You should use...
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...AND COMMENTS TO Joy de Beyer ( jdebeyer@worldbank.org) and Ayda Yurekli (ayurekli@worldbank.org) World Bank, MSN G7-702 1818 H Street NW Washington DC, 20433 USA Fax : (202) 522-3234 Contents I. Introduction 1 Purpose of this Tool 1 Who Should Use this Tool 2 How to Use this Tool 2 II. Define the Objectives of the Analysis 4 The Reason for Analysis of Demand 4 The Economic Case for Demand Intervention 4 Analysis of Demand for the Policy Maker 5 Design an Analysis of Demand Study 6 Components of a Study 6 The Nature of Econometric Analysis 7 Resources Required 7 Summary 8 References and Additional Information 8 III. Conduct Background Research 9 IV. Build the Data Set 11 Choose the Variables 11 Data Availability 11 Data Types 12 Prepare the Data 13 Data Cleaning and Preliminary Examination 14 Preparing the Data Variables 14 References and Additional Information 19 V. Choose the Demand Model 20 Determine the Identification Problem 20 Test for Price Endogeneity 21 ...
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...Financial Econometrics With Eviews Roman Kozhan Download free books at Roman Kozhan Financial Econometrics Download free eBooks at bookboon.com 2 Financial Econometrics – with EViews © 2010 Roman Kozhan & Ventus Publishing ApS ISBN 978-87-7681-427-4 To my wife Nataly Download free eBooks at bookboon.com 3 Contents Financial Econometrics Contents Preface 6 1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Introduction to EViews 6.0 Workfiles in EViews Objects Eviews Functions Programming in Eviews 7 8 10 18 22 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 Regression Model Introduction Linear Regression Model Nonlinear Regression 34 34 34 52 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 Univariate Time Series: Linear Models Introduction Stationarity and Autocorrelations ARMA processes 54 54 54 59 www.sylvania.com We do not reinvent the wheel we reinvent light. Fascinating lighting offers an infinite spectrum of possibilities: Innovative technologies and new markets provide both opportunities and challenges. An environment in which your expertise is in high demand. Enjoy the supportive working atmosphere within our global group and benefit from international career paths. Implement sustainable ideas in close cooperation with other specialists and contribute to influencing our future. Come and join us in reinventing light every day. Light is OSRAM Download free eBooks at bookboon.com 4 Click on the ad to read more Contents ...
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...and Mckibbin, W.J. (2007). Financial Liberalization, Financial Sector Development and Growth: Evidence from Malaysia. Journal of Development Economics, 84(1), 215-233. Arcand, J., Berkes, E., Panizza, U. (2012), Too Much Finance? International Monetary Fund.Research Department. Asteriou, D., & Monastiriotis, V. (2004). What do unions do at the large scale? Macro-economic evidence from a panel of OECD countries. Journal of Applied Economics, VII(I), pp. 27-46. Arellano, M. (2003): Panel Data Econometrics, Oxford University Press. Arellano, M., and O. Bover. (1995). Another Look at The Instrumental Variable Estimation of Error- Components Models. Journal of Econometrics, 68, 29-52. Arellano, M., & Bond, S. R. (1991). Some tests of specification for panel data: Monte Carlo evidence and an application to employment equations. The Review of Economic Studies (new York), 58, 194, 277- 297. Blundell, R., & Bond, S. (1998). Initial conditions and moment restrictions in dynamic panel data models. Journal of Econometrics, 87, 1, 115-143. Baltagi, B. (2008). Econometric analysis of panel data, John Wiley and Sons, Chichester. Baltagi, Gri, and Xiong (2000). To Pool or Not To Pool: Homogeneous Versus Heterogeneous Estimators Applied to Cigarette Demand. Review of Economics and Statistics 82: 117. Barro, R.J. (1991). Economic Growth in a Cross Section of Countries. Homepage of National Bureau of Economic Research (online). Beck, T., (2008). The Econometrics of Finance and Growth, Palgrave...
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...York University Faculty of Liberal Arts & Professional Studies Department of Economics Fall 2014 Course Outline Course # and Title: AP/ECON 4140 3.0A Financial Econometrics Course Webpage: http://www.yorku.ca/rsufana/teaching.htm Course Instructor/Contact: Name: Prof. Razvan Sufana Office: VH 1030 Phone: 416-736-2100 Ext. 66065 Office Hours: Tuesday 2 – 3 PM, Thursday 2:45 – 3:45 PM Email: rsufana@yorku.ca (Please include course number in subject line) LectureTime and Location: Thursday 11:30 – 2:30 PM, ACE 002 Prerequisite: AP/ECON 3210 3.00 or AP/ECON 3500 3.00 or equivalent. Course Credit Exclusions: None. PRIOR TO FALL 2009: Course credit exclusion: AK/ECON 4130 3.00. Course Description: This course is an introduction to financial econometrics. Background knowledge of finance is not required. The objective of the course is to explain, in simple terms, the use of selected statistical methods and econometric models in finance. The content of the course includes simple static and dynamic models of financial returns, elements of portfolio theory, the CAPM regression model, elements of option pricing, the Value-at-Risk (VaR), and the ARCH model. Weighting of Course: Assignment 1 (12.5% of final grade): available October 2, due at beginning of class on October 9 Midterm Exam (30% of final grade): October 16 Assignment 2 (12.5% of final grade): available November 20, ...
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...This page intentionally left blank Introductory Econometrics for Finance SECOND EDITION This best-selling textbook addresses the need for an introduction to econometrics specifically written for finance students. It includes examples and case studies which finance students will recognise and relate to. This new edition builds on the successful data- and problem-driven approach of the first edition, giving students the skills to estimate and interpret models while developing an intuitive grasp of underlying theoretical concepts. Key features: ● Thoroughly revised and updated, including two new chapters on ● ● ● ● ● ● panel data and limited dependent variable models Problem-solving approach assumes no prior knowledge of econometrics emphasising intuition rather than formulae, giving students the skills and confidence to estimate and interpret models Detailed examples and case studies from finance show students how techniques are applied in real research Sample instructions and output from the popular computer package EViews enable students to implement models themselves and understand how to interpret results Gives advice on planning and executing a project in empirical finance, preparing students for using econometrics in practice Covers important modern topics such as time-series forecasting, volatility modelling, switching models and simulation methods Thoroughly class-tested in leading finance schools Chris Brooks is Professor of Finance at the ICMA Centre, University...
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...Does Saving really matter for Growth in Developing Countries? The Case of a Small Open Economy Olajide S. Oladipo, PhD Department of Economics and Finance School of Business, Medgar Evers College 1637 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11225 Email: ooladipo@ mec.cuny.edu Abstract The study employed the Toda and Yamamoto (1995) and Dolado and Lutkepohl (1996) – TYDL- methodology to uncover the direction of causal relationship between savings and economic growth in Nigeria between 1970 and 2006. The empirical results suggest that savings and economic growth are positively cointegrated indicating a stable long run equilibrium relationship. Further, the findings revealed a unidirectional causality between savings and economic growth and the complementary role of FDI in growth. Keywords: Cointegration, FDI, Savings and Economic Growth JEL Classification: C32; E21;O11 Does Saving really matter for Growth in Developing Countries? The Case of a Small Open Economy Introduction The relationship between savings and economic growth has received increased attention in recent years especially in developed and emerging economies [see Bacha (1990), DeGregorio (1992), Levine and Renelt (1992), and Jappelli and Pagano (1994)]. This might not be unconnected to the central underpinning of Lewis’s (1955) traditional development theory that increasing savings would accelerate economic growth. Research efforts by Kaldor (1956) and Samuelson and Modigliani (1966) examined how different savings...
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...International Journal of Business and Society, Vol. 11 No. 2, 2010, 35 - 50 THE EFFECTS OF MACROECONOMIC EVILS ON PROPERTY AND VIOLENT CRIMES IN MALAYSIA Chor Foon Tang♣ University of Malaya ABSTRACT The main objective of this study is to investigate the effects of macroeconomic evils – unemployment and inflation on different categories of crime rates – property and violent crimes in Malaysia via the multivariate Johansen-Juselius and Granger causality techniques. This study used annual data from 1970 to 2006. Johansen-Juselius cointegration tests revealed that property and violent crimes are cointegrated with unemployment and inflation. Furthermore, the empirical evidence exhibit that unemployment and inflation are the driving factors for crimes in Malaysia. Therefore, supply-side economy may be an ideal choice of policy to reduce crime rates in Malaysia. Keywords: Crime, Inflation, Unemployment, Malaysia 1. INTRODUCTION Recent deliberation on whether “Malaysia is a safe haven for travel and investment?” was frequently asked by the international tourists and foreign investors owing to the increasing trend of crime rates in Malaysia. From the visual inspection in Figure 1, both property and violent crime rates in Malaysia has increased quite significantly between 1970 and 2006. Over a decade from 1970 to 1980, both property and violent crime rates in Malaysia increased more than two folds. The property crime rate increased drastically from 25 thousand...
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...On the Relationship between stock return and exchange rate: evidence on China Yaqiong Li a b , Lihong Huang b a b The Business School, Loughborough University ,UK College of Mathematics and Econometrics, Hunan University, Changsha ,Hunan ,China Abstract The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between RMB exchange rate and A-share stock returns in China, in particular in Shanghai stock market. We find that both stock returns and RMB nominal exchange rate are integrated of order 1. The Engle–Granger cointegration test is then performed, suggesting that there is not a long-run equilibrium relationship between stock returns and RMB exchange rates at 5% significance level. However, there is strong evidence suggesting that there is a short-run uni-directional causality relationship from the nominal exchange rate to the stock returns. Keywords: cointegration; Granger causality; RMB exchange rate; stock return; unit root test. 1. Introduction The China’s exchange rate policy has recently emerged as one of major issues in the trade between the PR of China and the United States of America. The controversy is fuelled by China’s pegging of RMB to USD. Since a major devaluation of the RMB in 1994, the Chinese currency’s exchange rate vis-a-vis USD remained more or less unchanged until 21 July 2005, and has fluctuated from RMB 8.22 to 8.11 per dollar since then. The Chinese Authority has recently announced that “RMB will be no longer pegged to the US dollar”...
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...EXECUTIVE SUMMARY. A case study seeks to associate with reward and employee motivation and identify association between employee motivation and employee motivation variables for instance gender, age, education, and income level and job experience in banking in Pakistan. The study should be based on primary data and sample size, by use of questionnaires. The partners are, therefore, in case of a business opportunity should apply relevant entrepreneurial skills in order to succeed especially by following the following path. Two hypotheses were developed for the present study and were tested by using Chi-square Test and binary Regression Test. The result of Chi-square shows that P- value is 0.048 of Chi-square its mean there is an association between salary and gender. The correlation between rewards and Employee Motivation is 0.546, which shows the positive relationship between compensation and employee motivation Payment structure is a crucial element in a business plan and should be carefully be looked into for instance the partners should make sure that they recruit a reasonable number of workers that they are able to manage. Objectives of this study (i).To determine if there is an association between rewards and employee motivation, biographical factors (Gender, age, education, qualification, and Income level). (ii).To identify the types of reward system in Pakistani Banks. (iii).To determine the impacts of rewards system on Banks employees’ biographical variables. (iv)...
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...This page intentionally left blank Introductory Econometrics for Finance SECOND EDITION This best-selling textbook addresses the need for an introduction to econometrics specifically written for finance students. It includes examples and case studies which finance students will recognise and relate to. This new edition builds on the successful data- and problem-driven approach of the first edition, giving students the skills to estimate and interpret models while developing an intuitive grasp of underlying theoretical concepts. Key features: ● Thoroughly revised and updated, including two new chapters on ● ● ● ● ● ● panel data and limited dependent variable models Problem-solving approach assumes no prior knowledge of econometrics emphasising intuition rather than formulae, giving students the skills and confidence to estimate and interpret models Detailed examples and case studies from finance show students how techniques are applied in real research Sample instructions and output from the popular computer package EViews enable students to implement models themselves and understand how to interpret results Gives advice on planning and executing a project in empirical finance, preparing students for using econometrics in practice Covers important modern topics such as time-series forecasting, volatility modelling, switching models and simulation methods Thoroughly class-tested in leading finance schools Chris Brooks is Professor of Finance...
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...have been conducted in this field. The following paper focuses on the pollution haven hypotheses stating that lax environmental regulations increase Foreign Direct Investment inflow since investing firms experience significant cost efficiencies and comparative advantages. The data set is mainly chosen from the World Data Bank and five explanatory variables are used to investigate their influence on FDI inflow (as percentage of GDP). During the empirical analysis a pivotal factor will be the OECD membership even if several environmental standards are controlled. We expect to see some significant determinants of FDI inflow in order to either agree or reject the pollution haven hypotheses. Contents 1 Introduction 2 The Two Hypotheses 3 Data Set 4 Econometric Model and Results 4.1 Linear Regression Model (OLS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 Assumptions of Gauss-Markov-Theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.3 Chow Test for Structural Break . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Conclusion A Appendix A.1 Program Code EViews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 1 2 3 4 6 7 9 9 1 Introduction International trade theory is based on the concept of comparative advantages which is consistent with what we could observe in the booming globalization process during the last decades. A multinational firm...
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