...Sheet. This will reduce the amount of expenses we are supposed to subtract from our revenue for that period, therefore showing higher earnings for the period. b) Do you believe Gallant’s actions are ethical? Why or why not? Income statement’s depicts a company’s earnings for a period, to other business entities. For consistency and comparability the income statement should fallow GAAP standards. By manipulating and delaying cost that should be matched against the revenue they helped generate in the specific period, Gallant’s is engagement in unethical behavior because the inflated earnings they are trying to report is in a sense a false representation of their financial status. Even if the reclassifications fall within GAAP standards, the intent to deceive is unethical. Usually drastic changes in accounting practices warrant a degree of disclosure along with justifications. This seems like an attempt to look good to the market and potential investors. Additionally by delaying or postponing orders they have already...
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...DEPARTMENT GOAL MAY INCLUDE INCLUDING PUBLIC SAFETY WITH COST EFFECTIVENESS, SECOND IN PURSUING AN ORGANIZATION GOALS MANAGERS MAY MAKE MANY DECISIONS AND FOR THAT THEY NEED INFORMATION. THE INFORMATION NEEDS OF MANAGEMENT EXTEND ACROSS FINANCIAL, PRODUCTION, MARKETING LEGAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES. DEFINITION: “MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING IS THE PROCESS OF PRODUCING FINANCIAL AND NON FINANCIAL INFORMATION TO ASSIST MANAGERS AT ALL LEVELS OF AN ORGANIZATION. MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING INFORMATION SHOULD BE DESIGNED TO MEET MANAGER’S SPECIFIC NEEDS AS THEY CARRY OUT THEIR PLANNING AND CONTROL FUNCTIONS AND MAKE SHORT AND LONG TERM DECISIONS.” OR “THE PRIMARY GOAL OF MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING IS TO PROVIDE INFORMATION THAT HELPS MANGERS PLAN AND EVALUATE COMPANY ACTIVITIES AND MAKE BUSINESS DECISION. PROVIDING INFORMATION FOR PLANNING, EVALUATION AND DECISION MAKING IS THE PRIMARY OBJECTIVE OF MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING. MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING vs. FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING USERS OF INFORMATION ➢ FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING IS AIMED PRIMARILY AT EXTERNAL USERS LIKE BANKS ,SHARE HOLDERS, CREDITORS, STOCK EXCHANGE ETC EXTERNAL USERS NEED INFORMATION TO MAKE INVESTMENT , LENDING AND REGULATION DECISON WHERE AS MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING IS AIMED PRIMARILY AT INTERNAL USERS (MANAGERS AT ALL LEVELS) WHO NEED INFORMATION FOR ROUTINE PLANNING AND EVALUATION DECISION OF FIRM’S INTERNAL...
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...Introduction to Accounting Why Study Accounting? Engineering Accounting • Accounting is pervasive • Used in all types of organizations An Overview Richard S. Barr – For-profit companies – Not-for-profit companies – Governmental organizations 1 2 Organizations Accounting Common characteristics: • An objective or group of objectives • A set of strategies to achieve its objectives • Managers • A key element of management • You must understand what is being reported – – • Managers' performance is often measured by accounting data • This data is used for decision making • An organizational structure – • A need for information 3 Accounting Systems 4 Types of Information • Are the primary quantitative information system in most organizations In accounting systems: • Attention-directing – – Types of information – Purposes of accounting systems • Problem-solving – • Scorekeeping – 5 6 1 Introduction to Accounting Purposes of Acctg Systems Accounting Systems • Internal reporting to managers for planning and control • Internal reporting for special decisions, policies, and long-range plans • External reporting Four Standard Types 7 8 Types of Accounting Systems Financial Accounting 1. 2. 3. 4. • Primarily for the external decision maker Financial Tax Management Cost – – – • External reporting follows legal and GAAP requirements • Objective:...
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...INTRODUCTION TO FINANCIAL O UC O O C INFORMATION LECTURE 1 LEARNING OBJECTIVES Understand the key differences between economics, accounting and finance Understand why financial information is important List the main users of accounting information and understand their information needs Distinguish between management accounting and financial accounting List the main types of business ownership and outline their characteristics Summarize the advantages and disadvantages of each type of business ownership p 2 Panagiotis Dontis Charitos WBS, 2013-14 IN TODAY’S LECTURE... Topics Differences between economics, accounting and finance Importance of financial information Users of accounting information and their information needs Differences between management accounting and financial accounting i Main types of business ownership Characteristics Advantages vs. disadvantages 3 Panagiotis Dontis Charitos WBS, 2013-14 ECONOMICS - FINANCE – ACCOUNTING Economics is a social science Study the production, consumption and distribution of services or goods Explain how economies work and how do different economies interact Finance is a subset/tool of economics that studies the financial markets Personal finance, corporate finance, state finance Accounting is an essential part of finance and economics Precise recording, reporting and assessment of financial deals and transactions of a business Preparation of statements or declarations concerning assets, liabilities...
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...http://ocw.mit.edu ____________ MIT OpenCourseWare 15.963 Management Accounting and Control Spring 2007 For information about citing these materials or our Terms of Use, visit: ________________ http://ocw.mit.edu/terms. 15.963 Managerial Accounting and Control Spring 2007 Prof. Mozaffar Khan MIT Sloan School of Management Main Line vs. Basinger Selected Filmography Kim Basinger Sherilyn Fenn Novel Romance (2006) Dream Warrior (2004) Darkness Falls (1999) Outside Ozona (1998) Boxing Helena (1993) Backstreet Dreams (1990) The Wild Life (1984) 2 The Sentinel (2006) Cellular (2004) 8 Mile (2002) L.A. Confidential (1997) The Getaway (1994) Batman (1989) Hard Country (1981) 15.963 [Spring 2007] Managerial Accounting & Control Main Line vs. Basinger Evaluate the defense argument that Mazzocone “has a duty under the law to minimize his loss, and this does not include going out and making a picture knowing you are $2m short. At what stage in the negotiations did Basinger withdraw? If late, it is possible some costs were contractual obligations (such as rights to script) at the time, and these obligations were assumed with the presumption of Basinger participating. Managerial Accounting & Control 3 15.963 [Spring 2007] Main Line vs. Basinger What were Mazzocone’s options following Basinger’s withdrawal? Do not make movie – this assumes all costs sunk. Make with another actress...
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...Accounting: Text and Cases Managerial Accounting Anthony, Hawkins and Merchant 13th Edition Garrison, Noreen and Bewer 13th Edition Management Accounting 1 2 Because… 3 4 5 6 ! " # 7 Chapter 15 The Nature of Management Accounting 8 Learning Agenda Describe the differences between financial and management accounting Measurement used in management accounting system Textbook problem exercises 9 Differences Between Financial and Managerial Accounting Financial Accounting 1. Users 2. Time focus 3. Verifiability versus relevance 4. Precision versus timeliness 5. Subject 6. Requirements External persons who make financial decisions Historical perspective Emphasis on verifiability Emphasis on precision Primary focus is on the whole organization Must follow GAAP and prescribed formats Managerial Accounting Managers who plan for and control an organization Future emphasis Emphasis on relevance for planning and control Emphasis on timeliness Focuses on segments of an organization Need not follow GAAP or any prescribed format 10 Accounting Differences Financial External focus Whole organization Historical Quantitative Monetary Verifiable GAAP Formal recordkeeping Managerial Internal focus Segments or divisions Current/projected Quantitative/qualitative Monetary and nonmonetary Timely/reasonable estimate Benefits exceed costs Formal and informal recordkeeping 11 Management vs. Financial accounting ...
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...http://ocw.mit.edu ____________ MIT OpenCourseWare 15.963 Management Accounting and Control Spring 2007 For information about citing these materials or our Terms of Use, visit: ________________ http://ocw.mit.edu/terms. 15.963 Managerial Accounting and Control Spring 2007 Prof. Mozaffar Khan MIT Sloan School of Management Main Line vs. Basinger Selected Filmography Kim Basinger Sherilyn Fenn Novel Romance (2006) Dream Warrior (2004) Darkness Falls (1999) Outside Ozona (1998) Boxing Helena (1993) Backstreet Dreams (1990) The Wild Life (1984) 2 The Sentinel (2006) Cellular (2004) 8 Mile (2002) L.A. Confidential (1997) The Getaway (1994) Batman (1989) Hard Country (1981) 15.963 [Spring 2007] Managerial Accounting & Control Main Line vs. Basinger Evaluate the defense argument that Mazzocone “has a duty under the law to minimize his loss, and this does not include going out and making a picture knowing you are $2m short. At what stage in the negotiations did Basinger withdraw? If late, it is possible some costs were contractual obligations (such as rights to script) at the time, and these obligations were assumed with the presumption of Basinger participating. Managerial Accounting & Control 3 15.963 [Spring 2007] Main Line vs. Basinger What were Mazzocone’s options following Basinger’s withdrawal? Do not make movie – this assumes all costs sunk. Make with another...
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...------------------------------------------------- Management accounting From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia | This article contains wording that promotes the subject in a subjective manner without imparting real information.Please remove or replace such wording and instead of making proclamations about a subject's importance, use facts and attribution to demonstrate that importance. (February 2012) | Accounting | | * Historical cost accounting * Constant purchasing power accounting * Management accounting * Tax accounting | Major types of accounting[show] | Auditing[show] | People and organizations[show] | Development[show] | Business portal | * v * t * e | In Management accounting or managerial accounting, managers use the provisions of accounting information in order to better inform themselves before they decide matters within their organizations, which aids their management and performance of control functions. Contents [hide] * 1 Definition * 2 Scope, practice, and application * 3 Differences between financial accountancy and management accounting * 4 Traditional vs. innovative practices * 5 Role within a corporation * 6 Specific methodologies * 6.1 Activity-based costing (ABC) * 6.2 Grenzplankostenrechnung (GPK) * 6.3 Lean accounting (accounting for lean enterprise) * 6.4 Resource consumption accounting (RCA) * 6.5 Throughput accounting * 6.6 Transfer pricing * 7 Resources...
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...MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING SOMNATH DAS BASICS OF MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING Purpose of the course - familiarize you with: 1. Managerial accounting concepts. 2. Managerial accounting practices. 3. Use of managerial accounting information for decision making. 4. Pitfalls. Accounting is a branch of study concerned with the generation ( identification & measurement ) and provision (Communication) of information. Managerial accounting is in particular accounting for the internal management of organizations. A. Financial versus Managerial Accounting Financial Accounting Management Accounting Approach ! unifying concept: assets=equities ! no underlying unity-- many approaches Rules ! G.A.A.P. ! no general principles ! mandatory ! mostly optional Measurement ! almost exclusively $ ! many non-financial elements ! emphasis on precision, objectivity ! subjective estimates Past/Future ! based on past ! many future estimates and forecasts Aggregation ! overall summary of business ! very segmented ! general purpose information ! specific purpose reports Frequency ! less/mandatory frequency ! more frequent and optional Similarity ! basic data source same End result ! ends with financial statements ! integral part of other business aspects B. Cost Accounting Terminology 1. Nature of Cost Cost - A sacrifice of resources:...
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...This is a paper that will explain the difference between cost accounting and managerial accounting. It will describe the aspects of the philosophy of lean production. Also, those principles will be compared to those principles of a typical production. Lastly, recommendations for the reductions needed for Dr. White’s clinic will be given. INTRODUCTION Cost accounting systems are useful for managers to use when trying to figure out the best ways to determine the cost of producing and manufacturing their products. They help in ways to manage each activity done such as machine hours for particular business production tasks. The information obtained can also help to determine and evaluate the performance of employees as well as reward performance. The information provided by cost accounting tools can be divided into external and internal; which may make cost determination much easier. There are, also, different types of accounting for businesses. Specifically, managerial accounting differs from that of cost accounting. (Wild and Shaw, 2012). DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MANAGERIAL AND COST ACCOUNTING Managerial Accounting This type of accounting has more to do with the actual recording of a business’ financial endeavors. It is the recording of fiscal sales within the business as well as reporting them in the monetary statements. It involves the generation of advice from certain accounting tools that help in making financial decisions and plans and maintaining them. It is a help aid for...
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...| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Question 1 | | | Accounting is the process of identifying, measuring, and communicating economic information about an organization for the purpose of making decisions and informed judgements. Accounting is the process of identifying, measuring, and communicating economic information about an organization for the purpose of making decisions and informed judgements. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | The work that accountants do is divided into three broad fields: 1. Financial Accounting consists of the process that results in the preparation and reporting of financial statments. The Bookkeeping activity is an important subdivision of financial accounting. Bookkeeping is the process of accumulating the financial results of an entity's activities. 2. Managerial Accounting consists of the use of economic and financial information to plan and control many activities of the entity and to support the management decision-making process. Cost Accounting is a subset of managerial accounting that is involved with the determination and accumulation of product or service costs. 3. Auditing, or Public Accounting is the function in which a firm's financial statements are reviewed or examined by an independent third party (the auditor). Public accounting firms and individual certified Public Accountants (CPAs) provide this auditing service...
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...How to use various accounting methods by Maxine Barclay Managerial Accounting Kristina Unutoa, Professor Abstract Accounting is a critical part of running a business. Since there are various forms of accounting that can be used, it is important to know which technique is best to use for what companies since they are unique. Once a particular technique is established, it is also important to keep an open mind if there are changes that need to take place in the organization. Keeping an open mind helps the company adjust and move forward in a timely fashion Most businesses exist to make a profit. Accounting is an important part in helping understand how the profits and expense amounts are derived. Accounting involves the process of summation, estimation, forecasting and analysis of financial transactions. Accounting can broken up into many areas which are all slightly different in nature depending on the process and objectives. Many of the formulas, statements and mechanisms are used and the fundamentals of them are still the same (Scholasticus, 2011) . Cost accounting systems record manufacturing activities for inventory systems that update records for cost of materials, goods in process and finished product. It must be timely information about inventory and manufacturing costs in order for management to control costs and set selling prices (Wild & Shaw, 2012). A cost accounting system requires five parts that include an input measuring basis...
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...Managerial accounting is concerned with providing information to managers-that is, people inside an organization who direct and control its operation. In contrast, financial accounting is concerned with providing information to stockholders, creditors, and others who are outside an organization. Managerial accounting provides the essential data with which the organizations are actually run. Managerial accounting is also termed as management accounting or cost accounting. Financial accounting provides the scorecard by which a company's overall past performance is judged by outsiders. Managerial accountants prepare a variety of reports. Some reports focus on how well managers or business units have performed-comparing actual results to plans and to benchmarks. Some reports provide timely, frequent updates on key indicators such as orders received, order backlog, capacity utilization, and sales. Other analytical reports are prepared as needed to investigate specific problems such as a decline in the profitability of a product line. And yet other reports analyze a developing business situation or opportunity. In contrast, financial accounting is oriented toward producing a limited set of specific prescribed annual and quarterly financial statements in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). (Ray H. Garrison Eric W Noreen 1999). Managerial accounting is managers oriented therefore its study must be preceded by some understanding of what managers do, the...
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...Role g of Managerial Accounting in a y Dynamic Business Environment McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Learning Objective 1 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Define Managerial Accounting g g Managerial accounting is the process of Identifying Measuring Analyzing Interpreting Communicating information 1-3 Learning Objective 2 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Managing Resources, Activities, and P d People l An organization . . . Directing Acquires Resources Organized set of activities Decision Making Controlling g Planning Hires People 1-5 Learning Objective 3 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. How Managerial Accounting Adds Value to the Organization Add V l t th O i ti • Providing information for decision making and planning. • Assisting managers in directing and controlling g g g g activities. g g p y • Motivating managers and other employees towards organization’s goals. • Measuring performance of activities, managers, and other employees. • Assessing the organization’s competitive position. 1-7 Learning Objective 4 McGraw-Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Managerial versus Financial Accounting A ti Financial Accounting...
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...Bachelor of Commerce 2007, Accounting Department, Alexandria University. • Master of Business Administration Student (MBA) 2011, Supply chain Major - (Third semester), Arab Academy For Science And Technology And Maritime Transport, Graduate School of Business – Alexandria. LANGUAGES: ARABIC : Mother tongue. English : Good. Objectives: - Good communication and interpersonal skills. - Working individual and with work groups. - leadership skills and ability to work under pressure. CERTIFICATES AND COURSES: ▪ Financial accounting: 1) Financial accounting diploma (in Arabic). 2) Financial accounting diploma (in English) about accounting cycle, keeping books and making periodic and annually reports. 3) Financial Analysis workshop under supervision of international finance corporation (IFC) All these Certificates there preparation and tests were via Eaac group for training and consultancy. ▪ Cost and managerial accounting: 1) Cost and managerial accounting via Arab academy for science and technology which approved from American university (AUC). 2) Cost accounting and comparison course about how to reduce industry's costs Via El Sahn office for consultancy. (official and approved accounting and auditing office deals with multinational leading companies). ▪ Computer and Ready accounting program: 1) International...
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