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Suggested Answers -- Problem Set #1

1. A. False or uncertain. Price elasticity is a measure of responsiveness -- how much quantity demanded will change if there is a change in price. The information given in the statement indicates current quantity demanded and price, but has no information on responsiveness.

B. False. If demand is price-elastic (price elasticity greater than one), then an increase in price causes a proportionately larger decrease in quantity demanded. Thus, total revenue (price times quantity) collected by the tunnel authority will decrease.

C. False. If the cross-price elasticity of demand is negative, then an increase in the price of bananas causes a decrease in the quantity demanded of peanut butter. The two products are complements—the increase in the banana price is causing a decrease in the quantity demanded of bananas, and with this a (complementary) decrease in the quantity demanded of peanut butter.

D. True. The increase in money income results in an increase in the quantity demanded (for a normal good), and the decrease in price also results in an increase in the quantity demanded.

2. A. Movement along the demand curve
D (from point A to point B.)

B. Shift of the demand curve (D to D'), due to a change in "tastes".

C. Shift of the demand curve (D to D"), due to an increase in the price of a substitute.

3. A. Consumer surplus is the net benefit that consumers receive from having access to a market. For each unit purchased, it is the difference between the highest price that someone would be willing to pay for that unit and the price that is actually paid. In the graph, it is the area between the demand curve and the market price line, up to the total quantity demanded. For a linear demand curve, this is a triangle.

B. For a linear demand curve D0, you need to know the market price

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