...PHILIPPINE FLORA AND FAUNA Flora and fauna refer to plant and wildlife, respectively. The indigenous plant and wildlife of a geographical region is often referred to as that region’s flora and fauna. Both are collective terms, referring to groups of plant or wildlife specific to a region or a time period. For example, the flora and fauna of a warm region may consist of tropical to warm-temperate vegetation and exotic species of birds. By definition, flora is a word of Latin origin referring to Flora, the goddess of flowers. Flora can refer to a group of plants, a disquisition of a group of plants, as well as to bacteria. Flora is the root of the word floral, which means pertaining to flowers. Fauna can refer to the animal life or classification of animals of a certain region, time period, or environment. Fauna is also of Latin origin. In Roman Mythology Fauna was the sister of Faunus, a good spirit of the forest and plains. The flora and fauna of any given region is usually explained in biological terms to include the genus and species of plant and animal life, their preferred growing or breeding habits, and their connection to one another in the environment as well. In addition to geographical groupings, environment also helps further classifications of flora and fauna. For example, aquatic flora andfauna of a region refers to the plant and animal life found in the waters in or surrounding a geographic region. FLORA Garden Plants and Flowers By Johnamendall (see also Flowers...
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...But the Fauna in South Central in Texas are different then the Flora in Texas. The reason for that is there are so many distinct species in South and Central Texas, including birds, reptiles but my favorite are Armadillos. And roadrunners because that's what Texas is known for these animals everywhere in Texas. If you don’t know the difference of a Fauna and Flora is the definition of a Flora is rocks and flowers or just anything green about. Now Fauna here inside San Antonio Texas caverns is animals, fish, Mammals and reptiles even little snails and ants even butterflies. The Fauna inside the cavern is known for the world’s Largest “bat flight.” There are millions of bats living in the Natural Bridge Caverns in San Antonio, Texas. But, sadly...
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...Discuss a solution to the problem of protecting endangered species of flora and fauna Florae purify our environment by performing photosynthesis, and faunae create diversity of our ecosystem. Altogether, they play a significant role in providing us a safe and sound place to live. Unfortunately, in recent years, many endangered species of plants and wildlife are gradually becoming extinct. Without these plants and wildlife, we global citizens will eventually perish. How can we help protect these precious flora and fauna? The solution to the problem lies in governments' measures of building greenhouse and imposing heavy fines for illegal hunting. We always take the diversity of flora and fauna for granted and never appreciate this gift mother nature offers. However, we must immediately change our indifferent attitude towards the conservation of flora and fauna to a positive, responsible one. Governments must allocate budgets on building greenhouses and training botanists, so the endangered species of plants will receive extra care. For instance, the seed conservation research centre established by a group of English botanists work on preserving any kind of seeds and duplicate their genes, so any kind of plants on earth will not be facing extinction. Besides following the steps of these English botanists, governments must also raise the public's awareness of preservation of endangered plants. For example, governments should design advertisements that encourage public...
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...First arising during the industrial revolution, the movement of populations en masse to cities and urban areas with improved transport, enabled large numbers of people to leave their cities for recreation in rural, mountainous or seaside areas. It can be said that the environment of places has contributed to the birth and progress of tourism (Mathieson and Wall 86, p94). Ecotourism more than any other form of tourism depends on the environment of a destination. Of course the growth of all forms of tourism leads to modifications of the environment. Ecotourism strives to keep these modifications to a minimum. In order to do this it is important to take account of these modifications and assess what their impacts on the environment are. There are several difficulties involved in assessing the impacts of tourism on the environment. Andrew Holden in Environment and Tourism tells us there can be difficulties in establishing a base level against which to measure changes; difficulties in separating human-induced | ------------------------------------------------- Top of Form | | | | | | | | | | | | Bottom of Form | | | | | | | | | | | Eco or Not? .... What will be the environmental impacts of ecotourism if the activity is not successful in bringing about development in communities? .... (435 2 ) | | | | Ecotourism .... natural areas that fosters environmental and cultural .... However, in practice, its...
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...illustrates exactly that. It tells the story of the relationship between two sisters and their mother, and the consequences of their poor communication skills and repressed frustrations. In the following analysis and interpretation, I will unravel the tangled threads of the complicated affair, by giving a characterization of the mother and revealing the relationship between the sisters. In addition to this, I will touch on the symbolism, structure and the themes of the short story. The plot begins at home, when Rachel discovers that her sister has stolen her new silk dress. For the evening the family have planned to eat at a modern restaurant, and for the occasion Rachel, the older sister, has bought a beautiful perfect blue silk dress. Flora finds the dress, when she is home alone and finds it impossible to resist the urge to try it on. Suddenly she finds herself strolling down the street, feeling elite and confident all because of the dress; qualities she sees in her sister, but fails to see in herself. By accident she ruins the dress, and in desperation and fear she buries it outside the house in the garden. When they later meet up at the restaurant, Rachel is furious with her sister making an uncomfortable mood at the table. The mother, as the bereavement counselor and low self-confidence woman she is, tries to avoid the fight by babbling on about unimportant stuff like, what is on the menu, quote p. 2 of 5, 57-58: ” The mother sat between them, nibbling olives, talking...
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...HistoryThe earliest identifiably Thai kingdom was founded in Sukhothai in 1238, reaching its zenith under King Ramkhamhaeng in the 14th century before falling under the control of the kingdom of Ayutthaya, which ruled most of present-day Thailand and much of today's Laos and Cambodia as well, eventually also absorbing thenorthern kingdom of Lanna. Ayutthaya was sacked in 1767 by the Burmese, but King Taksin regrouped and founded a new capital at Thonburi. His successor, General Chakri, moved across the river to Bangkok and became King Rama I, the founding father of the Chakri dynasty that rules (constitutionally) to this day. There is evidence of human habitation in Thailand that has been dated at 40,000 years before the present. Similar to other regions in Southeast Asia, Thailand was heavily influenced by the culture and religions of India, starting with the Kingdom of Funan around the 1st century CE to the Khmer Empire.[18]Since the political reform of the absolute monarchy in 1932, Thailand has had 17 constitutions and charters.[24][25] Throughout this time, the form of government has ranged from military dictatorship to electoral democracy, but all governments have acknowledged a hereditary monarch as the head of state. Geography Totalling 513,120 square kilometres (198,120 sq mi),[1] Thailand is the world's 51st-largest country by total area. It is slightly smaller than Yemen and slightly larger than Spain. Satellite image of flooding in Thailand in October 2011.Thailand...
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...t YAKULT DANONE INDIA PRIVATE LTD. Yakult Danone India (P) Ltd is a 50:50 JV between Yakult Honsha, Japan and Groupe Danone of France, both of which are global probiotic leaders. The JV was formed in 2005 to manufacture and sell probiotic products in the Indian market. Yakult, a probiotic drink was launched in India in 2007, and is presently available in Delhi, NCR, Nasik, Chandigarh, Punjab, Jaipur, Mumbai, Pune, Hyderabad, Chennai and Bangalore. Yakult is manufactured at an ISO 9001:2008, HACCP and OHSAS 18001:2007 certified manufacturing facility in Sonepat, Haryana in India. As a pioneer in probiotics, Yakult has formidable research capabilities and product technologies in the field of probiotics. Yakult Central Institute for Microbiological Research has for years researched the use of intestinal bacteria as a factor in health maintenance, conducting a wide range of studies on the benefits of microorganisms in Japan. In India too, Yakult Danone India is working actively to build awareness about probiotics and contribute to a healthier society. Yakult’s benefits have been scientifically established through years of research and 30 million people in more than 30 countries drink Yakult every day. Probiotics for a healthy balance In 1930 Dr. Minoru Shirota, a Japanese scientist, was the first in the world to isolate and culture a probiotic strain which reached the intestines alive in large numbers and imparted health benefits to the host. He used this strain...
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...PROBIOTICS Rachel Alvernaz BIOSC 119-Spring ’14 Sunday, April 20, 14 What are probiotics? • Probiotics: “live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host.” When used in animal feed, the FDA refers to them as “direct fed microbial” and when used for human drugs, are referred to as “live biotherapeutics.” Can be taken orally by capsules, in food, or in powders. Sometimes referred to as “complementary” or “alternative” medicine. Available in supermarkets, pharmacies and health food stores. • • • • Sunday, April 20, 14 Brief History • • Ilya Metchnikoff (1845-1916) Awarded the Nobel Prize in 1908 for work on immunity Linked regular consumption of lactic acid bacteria in fermented dairy products to health and longevity in Bulgarian peasants. • Sunday, April 20, 14 Common Probiotics Used • Bacteria • Lactobacillus • Bifidobacterium group • Yeast • Saccharomyces boulardii Sunday, April 20, 14 Some Health Benefits • Normalize the intestinal tract. • Suppress growth of pathogenic bacteria. • Increase resistance against infections. • Increase overall digestive abilities of the GI tract. • Support and strengthen overall immunity. • Improve tolerance to lactose. Sunday, April 20, 14 Examples of conditions treated by probiotics • Viral Diarrhea • Antibiotic associated diarrhea • Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea • Traveler’s diarrhea • Atopic dermatitis • Irritable bowel syndrome • Halitosis ...
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...Microorganisms are all round us. Everyday at any given minute our bodies contain flora or normal microbiota. Which as described in the textbook Microbiology An Introduction as, “Some normal microbiota protect us against disease by preventing the overgrowth of harmful microbes, and others produce useful substances such as vitamin K and some B vitamins. Unfortunately, under some circumstances normal microbiota can make us sick or infect people we contact. For instance, when some microbiota leave their habitat, they can cause disease. ” (Tortora, Funke, and Case 17) In my experience of working in a hospital on the medical-surgical floor, I have become very familiar with the opportunist infection formally know as Clostridium Diffcile and informally known as C. diff. C. Diff is an infection that affects the colon and causes the patient to have irretractable diarrhea and can even cause inflammation of the colon that can sometimes be lethal. C. diff is very common in the elderly and patients on multiple antibiotics which causes the natural bacteria in the colon to be irradiated allowing opportunistic bacteria to invade. The New York Times reported that “Two factors typically lead to the infection: taking antibiotics, which make the intestine vulnerable, followed by exposure to the bacteria or their spores in a hospital, clinic or nursing home that has not been properly disinfected. Spores can survive for weeks or maybe even months outside the body, and it takes bleach or other...
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...What Shotgun Sequencing has uncovered about the Human Microbiome Institutional affiliation Name Date Introduction The human microbiota consists of microorganisms that live inside as well as on humans and they outnumber the human germ cells and somatic cells ten times (Turnbaugh et al. 2007). The collection of genes of these microbial organisms (the microbiome) provides the characteristics that human beings lack (Zimmer 2010). There are two major techniques that are currently used to characterize the microbiome, namely; the (rRNA) small-subunit ribosomal RNA, and the metagenomic study, wherein shotgun sequencing is used to characterize community DNA of these microorganisms. Shotgun sequencing of the human microbiome Shotgun sequencing, also called shotgun cloning in genetics, is a process used for sequencing long strands of DNA. Shotgun sequencing was referred so by resemblance with the quasi-random shotgun firing pattern. The shotgun sequencing method was developed by Fredrick Sanger in the 1970s. The chain termination sequencing process is only be used to sequence relatively short DNA strands. Longer sequences of DNA must be sub-divided into shorter fragments, and then subsequently reassembled to give the entire sequence (Venter et al. 2004). Shotgun sequencing process, which uses random fragments, is used to sequence shorter fragments of longer DNA strands. The process is faster but more complex process. The DNA strand is randomly broken...
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...Sanil Modi Biol-4910 Summer 2014 M-F Dr. De Vries, Christopher T. Fields The Effects Of Toll Like Receptor 2 Deletion on Social Behavior Neural Network Introduction During this past summer I had the opportunity to conduct research at the Neuroscience Institute at Georgia State University. The research I participated in was under Christopher T. Fields who is working on getting his doctorial degree. In these last few months I have worked on many exiting projects, learned how create experiments and analyze them. From the first day of lab I learned to work with many different lab instruments, software and mastered the structures of the mice brain. The instruments I started working with were a digital microscope and its software Stereo Investigator that took pictures at HD quality of mice brain. Shortly after came the analysis of the pictures we captured and the software used was ImageJ and Excel. In ImageJ you can measure different thresholds of the mice brain and get analysis which is imputed into excel and then the numbers from excel are put into a statistical software where graphs are made and you can check if your experiments had any change from the control. What I also learned was how mice brains are put on a slide. First you would use a cryostat, which slices the mice brain at the amount of thickness needed. While you are slicing the mice brains you are putting them onto a slide. Then they are taken from the slide put into a buffer solution, which lets you add to another...
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...Although the term poop pills may sound disgusting, it may just be a life changing antibiotic. Thousands of Americans get Clostridium difficile (C-diff) each year and 14,000 of them die from C-diff. But, there is an antibiotic that’s known to destroy the C-diff and also harm the body as well. Though studies show that a fecal transplant can restore the bacteria and prevent infections to form in your body. Doctors have gave the transplant a try, but they have not really been successful. The stool that is transplanted usually comes from relatives, and doctors extract the bacteria from the poop and insert it into gel capsules. Even though this pill seems gross, the pill does not affect the smell or health of your body. This transplant does require...
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...A superb blend of specifically formulated of good bacteria (probiotics) FLORA BABY is designed for the enhancement of the colon in the intestinal tract of children. Its intensive properties allow for the combination of its flavorless powder with various cool or warm drinks for healthy consumption. Children, most times have a difficult time of taking supplements, FLORA BABY now allows parents to easily provide probiotics to children. FLORA BABY provides 5 strains of probiotics that synergistically enhance a healthy micro bacterial environment in the intestinal tract of children. While considered a bacteria, probiotics are friendly and beneficial with the immense means of supporting existing conditions in children. Probiotics inhabit the small...
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...E-coli (Escherichia coli) is a germ that lives in the digestive system of animals as well as humans. E-coli was first isolated by Theodore Escherich a German bacteriologist in 1885 and was named after him. E-coli first became a household name during an outbreak in the western United States that began in late 1992 and lasted into 1993. Which was caused by eating ground beef. It was routinely found in the intestines of cattle companion have developed a vaccine to reduce the number of bacteria in the cattle. It has been commonly used for biological lab experiments and research. There are many types of e-coli, and most of them are harmless. Although some may cause bloody bowel movement also known as hemorrhagic diarrhea. This diarrhea illness was first recognized when the CDC personnel isolated e-coli from patients in two separate outbreak one in Oregon and the other in Michigan. The illness also was associate with eating hamburgers at a restaurant of a national chain. Some people experimented inflammation and bleeding of the colon. Infections dealing with e-coli are more common during the summer season and in northern states. Some strains of e-coli bacteria can cause anemia of kidney failure which leads to death. Other strains of e-coli can cause infection throughout the body such as the urinary tract and many more. By coming into contact with the feces, or stool of humans and animals you can get e-coli.it is normally inhabitant in small intestines and colon but do not cause...
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...every 9 patients aged 65 or older with a healthcare-associated C. difficile infection died within 30 days of diagnosis.”2 By knowing these statistics, the population needs to understand the causes, prevention, and treatments of Clostridium difficile. “Everyone has natural bacteria in their body, called normal flora or microbiota. Different bacteria make up the normal flora of each area of the body. However, when the levels of flora change (e.g., due to stress, illness, alterations in the immune system, or medications), the typical balance of bacteria is upset, which can cause problems. C. diff bacteria is usually confined to the digestive tract, which maintains a healthy balance and prevents overgrowth of bacteria by releasing antibacterial agents and producing waste products. When the levels of flora change—from stress, illness, or certain medications—they can upset this balance and cause problems.”3The two main ways of getting C. diff is by 1.) acquiring the infection from an object, food, or person after it has been contaminated by feces, and then rubbing your eye or swallowing the specimen, or 2.) antibiotics are given to a patient, and causing the person’s normal flora to decrease allowing C. diff bacteria to act up. “The people who are most at risk for this infection is as follows, the patient has been treated with antibiotics and/or medications that suppress stomach acid (e.g., Prilosec, Prevacid, and Nexium), has had gastrointestinal surgery, has undergone an extended length...
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