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Clean Cooking Solutions through Clean Cooking Solutions through Biogas in Nepal
Presented on First CCAAC Day 10 July 2014, Kathmandu

Biogas
•Biogas is odorless, colorless gas produced from any organic waste from any organic waste •It contains 60% methane gas and 40% of CO2 and others created by the bacteria in the d h created by the bacteria in the absence of oxygen. •The ideal temperature to generate biogas is •The ideal temperature to generate biogas is 30‐35° C

Scenario without Biogas
CO2 around ½ year Result = 0 t of CO2

CO2

Result = + 50 kg of CO R lt + 50 k f CO2 per bottle of LPG

Scenario with Biogas
CO2 around ½ year

CH4 & CO2

Result = 0 t of CO2

Savings from Biogas
Annual savings of: • Reduction of workload of women/children @ 3 hours/plant/day • Fuelwood @ 2 tonnes/plant/year • Agriculture residue @0.35 tonnes/plant/year • Dung cakes @ 0.60 tonnes/plant/year t / l t/ • Kerosene @6.4 liters/plant/year • Dry bio-slurry/bio compost@1.75 tonnes/plant/year p y • Annual reduction of GHGs emission CO2 equivalent @4.2 tonnes/plant/year bio slurry bio • Proper usages bio-slurry and biocompost@80% HHs • Average Plant size is 6 cum
Key findings of biog technolo under BS gas ogy SP

History of Biogas development in Nepal
 1955 ‐Father B R Sauboll built a demonstration biogas plant at St 1955 ‐Father B.R. Sauboll built a demonstration biogas plant at St. Xavier's School, Godavari, Lalitpur.  1968 ‐ Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) of India built a 1968 and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) of India built a plant for an exhibition in Kathmandu.  1974/75 ‐ (Agriculture Year) A Gobar Gas Development Committee / ( g ) p was formed under the Energy Research and Development Forum at Tribhuvan University.  1974 ‐The Development and Consulting Services (DCS) built 4 floating drum plants of KVIC design.

Contd.
1977 ‐The Gobar Gas and Agriculture Equipment
Development Company (P) Ltd (GGC) was formed with Company (P) Ltd. (GGC) was formed with the joint investment of the United Mission to Nepal (UMN), ADB/N and Nepal Timber Corporation under the DCS biogas extension programme.

1979‐ USAID provided grant to the programme 1980 A Chinese modification plant, fixed dome design, was 1980‐ A Chinese modification plant, fixed dome design, was introduced. 1981‐1986‐GGC was extensively involved in R&D of biogas technologies. t h l i

1982/83‐ Subsidy of Rs. 5,500 per plant was provided in
, p Sunsari, Rupandehi and Banke districts under intensive Rice Crop Development Programme

Contd.
1987 For the first time, biogas was incorporated in to a National 1987‐ For the first time biogas was incorporated in to a National
Plan Document.

1987–92 ‐(7th Plan) 25% subsidy on construction and 50% on interest. 1991‐ The government announced a subsidy scheme with separate rates for Terai and the hills. t t f T i d th hill

1992‐ Private sector companies started to enter into the biogas market (BSP established). market (BSP established).

1992‐1994‐ BSP Phase I was implemented with a target of
7,000 plants.

Contd.
1992 97 (8th Plan)The Plan focused on privatization 1992‐97‐ (8th Plan)The Plan focused on privatization policy. 1997‐ Kreditanstalt fur Wiederaufbau (KfW) started providing financial support for investment subsidies and credit. financial support for investment subsidies and credit.

1994‐1997‐ BSP Phase II was implemented with a target of
13,000 plants. , p

1995/96‐ Higher subsidy rate introduced for remote hill districts. 1997‐2003‐ BSP Phase III was implemented with a target of
100,000 plants

1995‐ Nepal Biogas Promotion Group (NBPG) was established as an umbrella organization of all biogas construction companies.

Contd.
1996‐The Alternative Energy Promotion Centre (AEPC) was established under the Ministry of Science and Technology. established under the Ministry of Science and Technology

1997–2002 ‐(9th Plan) Developed long‐term vision on RET development. A target of 90,000 plants. development. A target of 90,000 plants.

1999/2000 ‐Subsidy rates were reduced by Rs 1000. 2003 ‐ The Biogas Sector Partnership ‐ Nepal was established as an
NGO involving the experienced persons who had worked under BSP/SNV. BSP‐N was entrusted by AEPC and SNV/N to implement the biogas programme.

Contd.
 2002 07 (10th Pl ) The Plan further developed long term approach for RET 2002‐07‐(10th Plan) ‐ The Plan further developed long‐term approach for RET

development. A target of 200,000 plants.

 2003‐ BSP: Phase IV was initiated.  2005 ‐ Puxin biogas plant introduced by a private company.  2010‐2012‐ Interim Phase to bridge gap to NRREP

 2012 July onward AEPC/NRREP Program is being implemented with domestic and waste to energy portfolios  2013 The 5 Fiberglass Biogas Plants are installed for piloting 2013‐ The 5 Fiberglass Biogas Plants are installed for piloting

Program Targets NRREP Program Targets‐NRREP
• 130 000 domestic biogas plants 130,000 domestic biogas plants • 1200 Large Plants (Institutional, Community,
Commercial and MSW) Commercial and MSW)

• New Technologies are piloted, Tested and Extended E t d d

Total HHs T t l HH 5427302

Feasible HHs Biogas Installed HHs (Potential HH ) (P t ti l HHs) (23%) 1323936

Remaining HH R i i HHs 1023936

300000

Program Implementation Partners Program Implementation Partners
NBPA its regional offices/Biogas Cos / g and workshops

AEPC/NRREP /

BSP‐N together with other NGOs ith th NGO

MFIs/Banks MFIs/Banks through Credit provision

DDC/DEECCS

Other Other Development Partners

Local Communities and households

•Sales Agreement • 4 Years Guarantee Card •Catalogue C t l

NSP NBPA Builds Capacity of BCs

Working Procedure

• User

Subsidy Application pp through BC to NSP

NSP (BSP_N)examin es and es and recommends to BSC Deduction of Deduction of 10% and disbursed after ASS provided

BSC examines the forms and recommends to REF



SAF • Citizenship Certificate Recommendation for Poor, Conflict Victim, etc. •

Subsidy Disbursement to BCs through BCs through Bank A/C

•Sales Agreement • 4 Years Guarantee Card •Catalogue C t l

Subsidy Delivery Mechanism Institutional/Community
BCC examines and issues Construction letter through PQ BCC Deduction of Deduction of 10% and disbursed after ASS provided BSC examines the forms and recommends to REF

• User

Subsidy Application to A li ti t BSC

• • •

• SAF Registration/Comm unity Decision Recommendation d Feasibility Study Report

Subsidy Disbursement to BCs through BCs through Bank A/C

Commercial and WtE

Stoves used Stoves used
Workshops manufacture these stoves in their brand name. The standard has been set by b tb then BSP Program and which is under review to enhance the efficiency.

Current efficiency on an average is 32%

Technical Parameters of Biogas Stove Technical Parameters of Biogas Stove
S. N. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 1 16. 17. 18. Parameters Burner cap centre and pan base , burner clearance ( in mm) Size of hole on burner cap (in mm) No. of hole on burner cap (in mm) Size of stove (in mm*mm) Burner nozzle air, M.S (in mm) Inner dia. of burner pipe (in mm) Angle of Pronge Dia. of side hole (in mm) Distance of side hole from one end (in mm) Angle between burner holes and burner axis Location of burner Pan support (in mm3) Burner pipe length, G.I, (in mm) Burner material Frame size of stove (i mm) i f (in ) Color of burner pipe Type of fit in burner cap and burner base Inner dia of air regulating ring (in mm) BSP standard 25-30 Not defined Not defined 200*200 16 12.7 Not defined 8 18 450 Centered 20*6*125 150 Aluminum 25×6 2 6 Black Tight/ push type 19.0, Black

Achievements
• Nepal has 54,23,297 households Nepal has 54,23,297 households • Out of this ca 315,000 households are with biogas (5.80% of total HHs) biogas (5.80% of total HHs) • The 23% households are owned by women and16.72% are DAG owned and16.72% are DAG owned • It is found that for 20 years or more plants are running running • There are record of some 300 institutional plants are running plants are running

Biogas Dissemination in Nepal Biogas Dissemination in Nepal
\.

Achievements
• AEPC/NRREP implemented Plant Rehabilitation C/ p e e ted a t e ab tat o and Efficiency Improvement Project (PREIP) with support from KfW, a German Development Bank in 2013‐2014 • Under the PREIP out of targeted 41032 plants, 37108 were visited and 28580 were rehabilitated. 37108 i it d d 28580 h bilit t d in 9 districts of CDR and WDR of Nepal • Which means the clean cooking practice is in the Which means the clean cooking practice is in the rural and semi‐urban households even plants constructed before 2003

Achievements…
• Till today Biogas has earned 9 895 977 USD Till today Biogas has earned 9,895,977 USD • From July 2012 onwards all biogas plants to be built are under CDM built are under CDM • 2,6073 plants are financed through Credit provision through AEPC, which is 6% plants ii h h AEPC hi h i 6% l • Invested already 356 million NPR in credit • Almost 65% of the constructed plants are with toilet connection

Major Achievement in the Sector
Favourable government policy Continued supports by development partners Institutional strengthening, research and development Credit and micro-financing opportunities Subsidy support for making biogas systems affordable to the poor Widely accepted model GGC 2047 Deliver quality product Guarantee of after sales services Establishment of linkage between stakeholders

Benefits of Biogas Systems after clean cooking
Health benefits

Field Survey Data, SE v ETM, 2014

Major health benefits of smoke reduction

Other benefits from smoke reduction

Toilet connection to the biogas system in %age

The approach for NACC The approach for NACC
• Targets are defined not the technology first Targets are defined not the technology first • Ensure the contribution of technologies to be provided by delineation of the area in provided by delineation of the area in particular or giving the options • J i Joint planning, collaboration in l i ll b i i implementation and review is needed • How it is determined that CCS is provided?

How can we contribute How can we contribute
• • • • Sharing the happenings Sharing the happenings Sharing of experience and knowledge Sharing the best practices Sh i h b i Joint effort in bringing knowledge products and organizing the relevant events to allow the broader framework on technology and sectoral development.

Thank You! Thank You!
Questions?? For further contact, For further contact Uttam Jha National Advisor, Biogas N ti l Ad i Bi AEPC/NRREP E‐mal:uttam.jha@aepc.gov.np Tel. 5539390

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