CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Fishes are caught essentially for consumption. However, catching fish happens to be a well-known recreational pastime as well. Recreational fishing is also known as sport fishing. The main motive behind recreational fishing is pleasure or relaxation along with competition in some cases. It should not be mixed with subsistence or commercial fishing. While subsistence fishing is for basic survival, commercial fishing is essentially for profit. In some countries, recreational fishing has various rules as well as regulations to follow and enjoy the process. The regulations that are imposed on recreational fishing include the laws and the licensing restrictions that deal with limiting the procedures by which the fish might be caught. The most typical of these restrictions include prohibition in using nets and using hooks that are not into the mouth. The most usual form of such fishing is done with the aid of line, reel, rod, hooks, etc. These devices should be used along with the huge range of available baits. In order to help the individuals in the act of fishing, devices called terminal tackle are also used widely. The devices that are generally considered under terminal tackle include floats, swivels, weights, etc. These devices usually help to complement the bait that is being presented to the target. Sometimes lures, instead of baits are also used in recreational fishing. Some of the enthusiastic individuals insist on preparing their own lures instead of using the ones that are available in the market. Nevertheless, it is an extremely popular sport (Frost, 2015).

According to the American Sportfishing Association (2012), recreational fishing is one of the most popular outdoor activities in America. Thirty million adults—13% of the population—go fishing every year. Fun, relaxation, quality time with family and friends, and improved health are the benefits that people want from their recreational activities. The reasons unique to fishing such as catching fish to eat are secondary to the other benefits such as fun, relaxation and spending time with friends and family.

One type of recreational fishing is what we now called “fly fishing.” This is an angling method in which an artificial “fly” is used to catch fish. The fly is cast by using a fly rod, reel, and specialized weighted line. Fly fishing can be done in fresh or salt water. North Americans usually distinguish freshwater fishing between cold-water species (trout, salmon, steelhead) and warm-water species, notably bass. In Britain, where natural water temperatures vary less, the distinction is between game fishing for trout and salmon versus coarse fishing for other species.

The Philippines, being an archipelago composing of 7,107 islands is a natural fishing ground. It has 17,640 km of coastline and 150 million hectares of marine water. With the given geographical condition of our country, the researchers will conduct the study to determine the potential of fly fishing as recreational activity in the Bayabay Ridge, Ternate, Cavite.

Statement of the Problem

Being a tourism student, it is important to identify recreational tourism activity that will bring mutual benefit for the community and government. The young generations nowadays are so much focus with the technological advancement that usually has less physical development. Hence, the researchers will conduct this study to determine perception of tourism students of Lyceum of The Philippines University – Cavite regarding fly fishing as a recreational tourism activity in Bayabay Ridge, Ternate, Cavite.

Specifically, the researchers will find answers on the following statements. 1. What are the demographic profile of the participants in terms of

a. age,

b. gender, and

c. year level?

2. What is the participant’s perception on fly fishing in terms of

a. social impact,

b. health and physical benefits, and

c. environmental impact?

3. What is the potential of fly fishing as a recreational tourism activity in Cavite?

Significance of the Study

Fly fishing is an example of outdoor activities, that will help people stay fit and active that has benefit in the long run. Adequate outdoor activity increases health and physical development by improving sensory development, reducing obesity and stimulating blood cells. More often than not, outdoor activity for young people will give them sense of freedom and will teach them to develop their social skills as well as to appreciate the beauty of nature.

Specifically, the study will have significance to the following:

Students. This study will bring awareness to students the importance of outdoor recreational activity like fly fishing for their mental and physical development.

Schools and other organizations. This study will give them information about fly fishing and how they will introduce this activity to different stakeholders.

Entrepreneurs. This study will provide ideas to entrepreneurs or investors regarding the potential of fly fishing as a viable business venture.

Local government. This study will give information to the local government to introduce fly fishing as a recreational tourism activity.

Future researchers. This study will provide relevant information for future study regarding fly fishing as a recreational tourism activity.

Conceptual Framework

This study will adopt the Input-Process-Output model for conceptual framework.
|INPUTS | |PROCESS | |OUTPUTS |
| | | | | |
|Participants’ Profile | | | |Results of the Participants’ |
|-Age | |Survey | |Perceptions on Fly Fishing in|
|-Gender | | | |terms of Social, Physical and|
|-Year Level | |Data Analysis | |Environmental Impact |
| | | | | |
|Perceptions on Fly Fishing, in terms of | |Statistical Treatment | |Potential of Fly Fishing as a|
|-social impact | | | |Recreational Tourism Activity|
|-health and physical benefits, and | | | | |
|-environmental impact | | | | |
| | | | | |
|Fly Fishing as a Recreational Tourism | | | | |
|Activity | | | | |

Figure 1: Conceptual Theory on the Potential of Fly Fishing as a Recreational Tourism Activity

The researchers choose survey questionnaires to obtain inputs from the selected participants. The inputs of this study include participants’ demographic profile in terms of age, gender, and year level. The researchers will determine whether the age, gender and year level of participants has significant relationship on their answers regarding fly fishing. Participants will give their perceptions on fly fishing in terms of its social, physical and environmental impact to the community. The participants will also provide information about the potential of fly fishing as a recreational tourism activity. All data gathered from the survey questionnaires will be analyzed using applicable statistical treatment. Based on the inputs, the researchers will provide the results of the participants’ perceptions on fly fishing in terms of social, physical and environmental impact and the potential of fly fishing as a recreational tourism activity.

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This study will focus on the potential of fly fishing as a recreational tourism activity. Participants of this study are tourism students of Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite campus. The research will exclude the economic impact of fly fishing in terms of its cost and financial benefits for the community.

The study will be conducted to Lyceum of the Philippines University (LPU) – Cavite campus since the selected participants of the study are the tourism students of the College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management of LPU – Cavite.

However, the place in which fly fishing is being proposed to be the location for recreational tourism activity is at Bayabay Ridge in Ternate, Cavite.

Definition of Terms

The researchers provide operational definition to the following terms that will be used in this study:

Environmental impact. This refer to the possible adverse effects caused by a development, industrial, or infrastructural project or by the release of a substance in the environment.

Physical activity. This is often associated with various forms of exercise, but can include vigorous leisure or recreation activities. Examples include: walking, swimming, tennis, bicycling, golf, gardening, etc.

Potential. This refers to the capability of a thing to becoming real or a chance or possibility that something will happen or exist in the future.

Recreation. This is typically associated with structured or organized group activities which are intentionally designed to benefit individuals, groups or communities. Camaraderie, skill development, fitness and enjoyment tend to be primary motivations for recreation participation. Depending on the degree of specialization, participation with sports, creative arts, or service groups are considered forms of structured recreation participation.

Social impact. This refers to the effect of an activity on the social fabric of the community and well-being of the individuals and families.

CHAPTER II

LITERATURE REVIEW

This chapter will discuss topics that provide answers on the statement of the problem. It includes definition regarding outdoor recreation and tourism, the impacts of recreational tourism activity to well-being. This will also include researches regarding history of fishing and the current trends of fishing in global scenario. Moreover, this will specifically discuss various literatures regarding fly fishing.

Defining Outdoor Recreation and Tourism

According to US National Climate Assessment (2012), tourism is taken to refer to travel some distance, which is typically 50 miles away from home for some length of time between 24 hours and one year, for the purpose of business or leisure, whereas outdoor recreation will be assumed to have no spatial or temporal boundaries or restrictions. Thus outdoor recreation may take place anywhere, from an individual’s back yard to a local park to a distant location, i.e., while engaging tourism.

According to Tribe (2011), recreation can be defined as the pursuit of leisure activities during one’s spare time and can include vastly different activities such as golfing, sport fishing, and rock climbing. Defining recreation as it pertains to tourism, however, is more challenging. The following are some recreation-based terms that are common in tourism industry.

• Outdoor Recreation

This is defined as outdoor activities that take place in a natural setting, as opposed to a highly cultivated or managed landscape such as a playing field or golf course. This is typically applied to outdoor activities that individuals engage in and that are located close to their community.

• Adventure Tourism

When outdoor activities are further away, and people must travel some distance to participate in them, it is often described as adventure tourism. According to United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) (2014), adventure tourism is a trip that includes at least two of the following three elements: physical activity, natural environment, and cultural immersion. xamples of adventure tourism in BC include river rafting, helicopter skiing, and rock climbing. Adventure tourism can be “soft” or “hard.” Differentiating between the two is somewhat subjective, but is loosely based on the level of experience required, the level of fitness required, and the degree to which the participant is exposed to risk.

• Nature-based tourism

This refers to tourism experiences that are directly or indirectly dependent on the natural environment. This term is often used to describe activities that are closely connected to nature, such as whale watching, birding, or self-propelled travel such as hiking and kayaking

Impacts of Recreational Tourism Activity to Rural Well-Being

Critics argue that the tourism industry—consisting mainly of hotels, restaurants, and other service-oriented businesses—offers seasonal, unskilled, low-wage jobs that depress local wages and income. As more of a county’s workforce is employed in these jobs, tourism could increase local poverty and adversely affect the levels of education, health, and other aspects of community welfare. Meanwhile, the rapid growth associated with this development could strain the local infrastructure, leading to problems such as road congestion.

On the other hand, if tourism and recreational development attracts significant numbers of seasonal and permanent residents, it could change the community for the better. For example, the new residents could spark a housing boom and demand more goods and services, resulting in a more diversified economy with more high-paying jobs. Even low-paid recreation workers could benefit if better employment became available. Income levels could rise, along with levels of education, health, and other measures of community welfare, and poverty rates could be expected to decline (Brown and Reeder, 2016)

Seligman (2011) stated that the evidence on the effects of physical activity, recreation, leisure and sports are compelling. Those are not only essential resources for promoting optimal mental health and well-being, but they are critical components of efforts to recover from and stay well when living with a mental illness or addiction. A recent Chronicle Herald article (Tierney, 2011) describes the research of Dr. Martin

Seligman and identifies factors he views as critical to well-being: positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment. People of all ages and abilities can experience these elements of well-being from involvement in personally meaningful and enjoyable physical activity, recreation, leisure and sport

A 2013 adventure tourism market study discovered that people who travel for adventure experiences tend to be well-educated, with 48% holding a four-year degree or higher credential. They value natural beauty and rank this as the highest factor when choosing a destination, and the most cited reasons for their travel are relaxation “relaxation, exploring new places, time with family, and learning about different cultures” (UNWTO, 2014).

The History of Fishing

Fishing, which is also called angling, is the sport of catching fish, freshwater or saltwater, typically with rod, line, and hook. Like hunting, fishing originated as a means of providing food for survival. Fishing as a sport, however, is of considerable antiquity. An Egyptian angling scene of about 2000 BC shows figures fishing with rod and line and with nets. A Chinese account of about the 4th century BC refers to fishing with a silk line, a hook made from a needle, and a bamboo rod, with cooked rice as bait. References to fishing are also found in ancient Greek, Assyrian, Roman, and Jewish writings.

Today, fishing, often called sport fishing to distinguish it from commercial fishing, is, despite the growth of towns and the increase of pollution in many sources, one of man's principal relaxations and is, in many countries, the most popular participant sport. The problems of the modern angler are still those of his ancestor: where to find fish, how to approach them, and what sort of bait to use. The angler must understand wind and weather. Fishing remains what it has always been, a problem in applied natural history.

Types of Fishers

There are three (3) types of fishers which are commercial fishers, recreation fishers and indigenous fishers (Australian Fisheries Research and Development Corporation and Ridge Partners, 2014).

• Commercial Fishers

This refers to fishers who undertake fishing activities directed to a financial return from sale of seafood and non-edible aquatic products including pearls, sponges, etc. This sector comprises activity in two subsectors: (1) wild catch fishers utilising limited entry marine, estuarine and inland fresh and saline waters; and (2) aquaculturists utilising marine cage or flow through systems in limited entry marine, estuarine and inland fresh waters; or custom built impoundment based systems on land. In addition to profit, participants in both subsectors gain a level of personal and professional satisfaction from their participation in the sector.

• Recreational Fishers

This refers to fishers who undertake activities that create personal enjoyment and recreation from fishing, utilising wild catch marine, estuarine and inland fresh and saline waters. Recreational catch may be released live, or retained for personal use only (e.g. as food)

• Indigenous Fishers

This refers to fishers who undertake commercial or recreational activities, as well as fishing activities based on their tradition or custom.

Recreational Fisheries

Recreational fisheries involve millions of people globally, generating billions of US dollars in economically developed countries, and, in addition, they are emerging as a social and economic factor in many economies in transition (e.g. Argentina, Brazil, China, India) and some developing countries (FAO, 2011). The perspective of individual fishing protagonists using fishing activity to generate resources for their livelihood does differentiate between recreational fisheries and subsistence fisheries. Moreover, as a rule, recreational fishers have the financial capacity to substitute the fishing products by other products to meet nutritional needs and secure protein intake and survival.

Globally, angling is by far the most common recreational fishing technique, which is why recreational fishing is often used synonymously with angling. However, in some countries, recreational fishers use gear such as spears, bows and arrows, rifles, traps and gillnets.

Broadly speaking, recreational fishing activity increases with the economic development of societies because people can afford to spend time fishing for leisure rather than fishing to secure nutrient input or survival. Although the use of coastal, and sometimes offshore, marine fish stocks by recreational fisheries also develops with a society’s economic development, the shift from subsistence to commercial and, finally, to an often exclusive recreational use of wild fish stocks is particularly pervasive in inland fisheries (FAO, 2012).

Common Reasons to Go Fishing

The Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries (2016), provide these ten (10) reasons to go fishing:

1. Contribute to Conservation

Anglers put their money where their mouth is and are passionate about the environment. By purchasing fishing licenses and paying special taxes that they themselves have agreed upon anglers have helped to fund many of the wildlife and conservation programs that exist in the United States and here in Virginia. They also contribute to non-game and education programs, and to the purchase of thousands of acres of public lands, where everyone is welcome to recreate year round. Anglers are also acutely aware of the importance of clean water and air and pride themselves on protecting and preserving our environment, natural communities, and valuable habitat.

2. Stress Relief

For most anglers, the word "freedom" is the reason why they enjoy spending time in the outdoors. Spending a day afield casting for trout on a cool mountain stream or bobber fishing for bluegills on a pond helps to release us from our highly stressful, everyday environment. Nothing brings on the sense of being alive and helps to rebuild our personal reserves like a day spent interacting with nature.

3. Social Bonding

Sharing a fishing experience helps strengthen relationships with family and friends. It also offers a person the chance to give back to society through mentoring others in the pleasure and importance of being good stewards of our natural resources.

4. Supports Wildlife and Fisheries Management

Angling is an important wildlife management tool. For more than 100 years anglers have helped to contribute to wildlife and fisheries management efforts by helping to set seasons and creel limits. Wildlife populations of most fish species remain stable and in some cases flourish, a far cry from a decade ago when many species suffered from over harvest and the ill effects of pollution. Anglers also have a vested interest in and support many efforts to preserve and protect all species and the environment-all the while helping to increase biodiversity.

5. Health Benefits

More than fifty percent of Americans are overweight. Being outside and being active helps to make you feel better and encourages a healthier way of life. Driving to your local grocery store and fast food restaurant might be convenient, but fishing can also help you burn those unwanted calories, increase the quality of your lifestyle, and add years to your life.

6. Recreation

Having a bad day of fishing still beats a day in the office or tending to house chores. The most common reason you will find with people who like to fish is that it is simply fun, whether you enjoy trolling for stripers or outwitting a weary brook trout with a hand-tied fly that imitates an insect the size of a pin head.

7. Self Fulfillment

Fishing offers the chance to improve self-esteem through respect for the environment, mastering outdoor skills and achieving personal goals. Fishing can also play an important role in ones’ personal and social development. Fishing is a lifetime skill and activity that can be enjoyed at any age. Just ask a youngster who reeled in their first fish how much fun fishing can be.

8. Boost to the Economy

In Virginias, anglers generate millions in state and local taxes and directly support thousands jobs, that gives an economic boost that any state government would be pleased with.

9. Fishing for Food

Wild fish are low in fat and cholesterol and high in protein. In fact, the American Heart Association recommends a regular diet of fish. Besides it's a lot more challenging to catch that plate of fresh fish than to stroll endlessly down a supermarket aisle if you decide to keep your catch.

10. The Thrill

Fishing has a way of fulfilling an age-old need of pursuing and catching. The thrill lies in the challenge, such as stalking an elusive wild trout or matching the hatch. But there are many who will be quick to profess that it's not the catching of fish that's important, but the immeasurable life lessons that you will experience along the way.

What is Fly Fishing?

Fly fishing is the activity of catching fish by using artificial flies. An artificial fly is cast by use of a fly rod, a reel, and a relatively heavy oiled or treated line. The fly line is heavy enough to send the fly to the target. Flies can be made to either float or sink, depending on the angler’s preference. Whatever type of fly you use, the principal is the same; you lure the fish in with the promise of food.

The first flies were made with all natural materials, but now flies made of artificial materials are quite common. The flies are made to look like local terrestrial and aquatic insects. The more authentic they look, the more fish people can manage to catch.

Many people credit the first recorded use of fly fishing (with an artificial fly) to the Roman Claudius Aelianus, near the end of the second century. However, William Radcliff, who wrote a book on the subject of the history of fly fishing, credited the invention of fly fishing to Marcus Valerius Martialis, who was born roughly two hundred years before Aelianus (Paetz, 2014).

The Artificial Fly

The art of creating artificial flies for fishing has a long history, possibly dating back to 200 A.D. There were descriptions of Macedonian fishermen tying red wool and two cock feathers onto a hook and throwing it with a pole and line in the water to entice fish to bite the “fly.” According to the way they are fished, flies are usually categorized by dry, wet, nymphs, streamers and saltwater varieties. They can range in sizes of a tiny gnat tied on hook to a foot-long baitfish pattern tied on a big-game fishhook.

The way the flies are made has likely not changed for centuries. Wool or other synthetic material is wrapped on the shank of the hook to create the “body,” leaving only the barb showing. Bird feathers, animal furs or other man-made materials are tied on top of the “body” to mimic wings, antennae or legs. Some bright and shiny materials can be tied on for special effect to attract more fish (Lam, 2014).

A Sample Code of Conduct in Fly Fishing

In Bahamas, there is an association named The Bahamas Fly Fishing Industry Association (BFFIA), who is following certain principles or code of conduct for their member fly-fishing guides and lodge operators so as to endure that their industry develops in an environmentally responsible and ethical manner. The following are their principles.

1. Standards

Members must pledge to meet or exceed all levels of certification, training and licensing required to legally operate fly fishing activities within The Bahamas. Members are also required to familiarize themselves with all regulations, legislation and government policies that may have an impact upon the fly-fishing sector of The Bahamas. Furthermore, the members must pledge to become knowledgeable of and compliant with all relevant workplace safety and environmental regulations.

2. The Fly-Fishing Experience

Vessels must be operated in a safe and conscientious manner that takes into account the comfort of the fly-fishers, respects other watercraft, obeys all regulations, acknowledges and anticipates current and potential weather and ocean conditions. Boats must be maintained and equipped to provide fly fishers with an enjoyable and safe experience. Members must pledge to conduct pre-trip and post-trip checklists. Fly fishers must also pledge to ensure that all catch is treated in a manner that maintains the quality of the resources.

3. Customer Service

Members of the BFFIA must pledge to perform their duties in a courteous and professional manner that takes into account the safety, comfort, expectations, education and well-being of each guest. Also, members must provide knowledge of the local environment, history of the area, natural resources and other information relevant to enhanced fly fishing experience and interest.

4. Environmental Responsibility

The BFFIA’s members must respect and practice sustainable tourism and to be an advocate for the fishery, habitat and saltwater resources of the Bahamas. It is important to be versed in current regulations, catch monitoring practices, as well as catch and release techniques.

In addition, all boat and motor must have maintenance, including cleaning and painting using the most environmentally responsible products. And finally, it is a responsibility of the member for “policing” the resource by reporting poachers and polluters.

5. Professional Conduct

Members of the BFFIA must be polite and make positive, respectful comments regarding clients, the operation, competitors, co-workers, conduct or activity and management agencies. It is important to be respectful and will not initiate or engage in abuse, harassment of fellow workers, guests or other participants in the sport fishing supply-chain. Challenges or difficulties must be handled in a manner that is courteous and professional. The tips must be acknowledge as a reflection of superior service and should not be solicited or anticipated. Moreover, it is necessary to have a personal appearance and good hygiene.

6. Personal Conduct

Members must ensure that their personal actions have little or no impact on the local environment through personal efforts in water and energy conservation, waste management and composting, local purchasing, and the elimination of toxic products. They must commit time and financial resources to family and community members to promote and advance an environmental ethic throughout the island. It is important to continually upgrade their knowledge of available marine conservation and fish habitat protection techniques and the overall maintenance or enhancement of the place.

The Bayabay Ridge: A Perfect Place for Fly Fishing Activity

Bayabay Ridge is located in Ternate, Cavite. The Ridge is located at the latitude and longitude coordinates of 14.266667 and 120.65. This could be one of the best fishing or outdoors adventure locations in the regions of Asia/Pacific. For those fishers, there is a social fishing website, which is www.myfishmaps.com, The fishing site also provides users the ability to easily track fishing catches and experiences with exact GPS location on the body of water, create fishing groups to communication with your fishing buddies, find tackle shops fishing schools and marines and port located near your fishing sites and last be not least enter fishing contests to win fishing equipment and supplies.

Synthesis

CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

This chapter explains detailed approach in the research process. This includes research design, research locale, sources of data, sampling techniques, data gathering procedure, research instrument and data analysis.

Research Design

The descriptive research design will be used in this study. This type of research describes what exists and may help to uncover new facts and meaning. The purpose of descriptive research is to observe, describe and document aspects of a situation as it naturally occurs. Survey instruments will be used to obtain data. The researchers will prepare self-made questionnaires on the basis of the statement of the problem. There will be interviews and observation as well.

Locale of the Study

The survey will be conducted from February to March 2016 to selected tourism students of Lyceum of the Philippines University – Cavite campus.

Sources of Data

The primary sources of data were taken from the surveys to be given to selected participants of the study.

Secondary data will be taken from books, journals, magazines and online publications.

Sampling Techniques

The researchers will use random sampling techniques, which is one of the most popular types of probability sampling. In this technique, each member of the population has an equal chance of being selected as subject. The entire process of sampling is done in a single step with each subject selected independently of the other members of the population. The population or the total number of enrolled students on the Bachelor of Science major in Tourism Management.

Data Gathering Procedure

The primary data will be gathered through survey method. The researchers will prepare survey questionnaires based on the formulated statement of the problem. The research advisers and panelists will validate the questionnaires. Upon approval, the researchers will distribute the survey forms. After which, the data from the survey form will be tabulated. The researcher will seek the assistance of an expert to be able to analyze and apply appropriate statistical tools for each input.

Research Instrument

The research instrument, which is the survey questionnaire, composed of three (3) parts gearing towards the attainment of specific answers to the statement of the problem.

Part one (1) includes questions to determine the profile of the participants in terms of age, gender and year level. Each item is given options in which participants will select the answer applicable for themselves.

Part two (2) includes likert-scale questions that will determine the perceptions of the participants on fly fishing, in terms of three (3) areas, which are its social impacts, its physical benefits and its environmental impact.

Part three (3) also include likert-scale questions that will provide information to the researchers regarding the potential of fly fishing as a recreational tourism activity as generally perceived by the selected particpants.

Statistical Treatment

Descriptive statistics will be used in analyzing data on all the variables that were obtained on the survey process. The statistical tools to be utilized are the frequency counts, percentage, relative frequency and weighted average mean.

Frequency refers to the number of times a value of the data occurs, while relative frequency is the fraction or proportion of times an answer occurs.

The formulas are as follows:

Relative frequency = f / n

Where : f = frequency count

n = number

Percentage (%) = (f ÷ n) x 100

where : % = percentage

f = frequency

n= population

Weighted Mean [pic]

where, n = the weighted mean

∑ = the sum of

W = the weight

X = the value

Data Analysis The data will be organized and analyzed by applying the above-cited statistical treatment. Tables will be used to represent the findings of the data analysis.

The data will be analyzed using the following interpretation scale:

The level of interpretation for part two (2) is:

‘5.00 – 4.21

‘4.20 – 3.41

‘3.40 – 2.61

‘2.60 – 1.81

1.80 - 1.00

The level of interpretation for part three (3) is:

‘5.00 – 4.50 Very Likely

‘4.49 – 3.50 Likely

‘3.49 – 2.50 Neutral

‘2.49 – 1.50 Unlikely

1.49 - 1.00 Very unlikely

CHAPTER IV

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

This chapter presents the findings, analysis and interpretation of data, which was obtained from the surveys conducted from target respondents. The data were collected and processed in response to the statement of the problem.

Demographic Profile of the Participants

Table 1

Distribution of the participants according to age
|Age |Frequency |Relative Frequency |
|18-25 years old | | |
|26-33 years old | | |
|34-41 years old | | |
|42-49 years old | | |
|50-57 years old | | |
|58-65 years old | | |
|66-73 years old | | |
|Total |100 |100.0 |

.

CHAPTER V

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter summarized the findings of the study and the conclusions drawn by the researchers based on the data that have gathered in order to find answers on the statement of the problems. Also, at the end of this chapter, the researchers presented specific recommendations based on the results of the study.

Summary

.

Conclusions

.

.

Recommendations

.

REFERENCES

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, (2012). Recreational fisheries. Rome, Italy.

Frost, S. (2015). Fishing as a recreational activity. Retrieved on February 14, 2016 from http://www.mmcfishing.com/fishing/fishing-as-a-recreational-activity.html

Lam, K. (2015) Fly fishing: the art of tying artificial flies. Retrieved on February 22, 2016 from http://darkroom.baltimoresun.com/2014/07/fly-fishing-the-art-of-tying-artificial-flies/#1

Paetz, D. (2014) History of fly fishing. Retrieved on February 22, 2016 from http://troutster.com/history-of-fly-fishing/

The American Sportfishing Association (2012) Understanding activities that compete with recreational fishing. Retrieved on February 8, 2016 from http://asafishing.org/uploads/Understanding_Activities_that_Compete_with_Recreational_Fishing.pdf

The Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries (2016) Top 10 reasons to go fishing. Retrieved February 22, 2016 from http://www.dgif.virginia.gov/fishing/top-10/

LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY CAVITE

COLLEGE OF INTERNATIONAL TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT

August 23, 2014

Ms. Jocelyn Camalig
Associate Dean, CITHM
LPU-Cavite

Dear Ms. Camalig,

Greetings in Veritas etFortitudo!

The following undersigned are _th year students at Lyceum of the Philippines University Cavite Campus taking up Bachelor of Science in Cruise line Operations in Hotel Services presently, we are conducting a research study titled “xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx”. The study aims to.

In line with this, may we request to ---- .Your participation in this study would contribute to the collection of accurate and reliable data for our study and contribute successful completion.

Rest assured that all information gathered from this study will be treated with outmost confidentiality.

Thank you for your support.

Respectfully,

Noted:

------------------------
Research Adviser

Endorsed by:

Ms. Jocelyn Y. Camalig
Associate Dean, CITHM

COLLEGE OF INTERNATIONAL TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT

-------------

----------------------
Research Coordinator / Panelist

Dear Mr. -----------,

Greetings in Veritas etFortitudo!

This has reference to our research study entitled “-----------”. We would appreciate it if you could check the accuracy and completeness of our research instrument. Your comments and approval would significantly contribute to further improvement of said instrument. Below are some important details for your guidance and reference.

Objectives of the study:

The research aimed to:

Methodology:

The researchers will utilize descriptive research method to describe the respondents’ profile in terms of age, ---------------

Participants:

The participants --------------------.

Thank you very much for your help and support.

Respectfully,

Noted:

Research Adviser

Research Coordinator / Panelist

COLLEGE OF INTERNATIONAL TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY MANAGEMENT

LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY - CAVITE College of International Tourism and Hospitality Management
Hospitality and Tourism Research Methods and Techniques A.Y. 2015-2016

Good day! We are graduating students of Cruise Line Operation in Hotel Services (CLHS). As a partial requirement for this course, we are conducting a research entitled, “xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.”

In line with this, we humbly request you to answer herewith survey questionnaire. Your participation will greatly contribute to the success of this study.

Thank you very much for your help and support.

Respectfully,

Noted:

Research Adviser

Endorsed by:

Ms. Jocelyn Y. Camalig
Associate Dean, CITHM

Please, put a check on the box before a word or words which describes you.

Part I. Demographic Profile

a. Age
|Below 15 years old |19 years old |
|16 years old |20 years old |
|17 years old |21 years old |
|18 years old |Above 21 years old |

b. Gender
|Male |Female |

c. Year Level
|First year |Third year |
|Second year |Fourth year |

d. Are you familiar with Fly Fishing?
|YES |NO |

If YES, please proceed to the next questions.

Part II. Perceptions on Fly Fishing
| |5 |4 |3 |2 |1 |
|SOCIAL IMPACT | | | | | |
|Sharing a fishing experience helps strengthen relationships with family and friends. | | | | | |
|Fly fishing is a fun activity. | | | | | |
|Fly fishing is a lifetime skill that plays an important role in ones’ personal and social development. | | | | | |
|Fly fishing activity can support thousand jobs to the community. | | | | | |
|HEALTH & PHYSICAL BENEFIT | | | | | |
|Fly fishing can help to release stress. | | | | | |
|Fly fishing brings on the sense of being alive and helps to rebuild our personal reserves like a day spent| | | | | |
|interacting with nature. | | | | | |
|Fly fishing helps to make feel better and encourages a healthier way of life. | | | | | |
|Fly fishing can help to burn calories. | | | | | |
|ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT | | | | | |
|Fly fishing offers the chance to improve self-esteem through respect for the environment. | | | | | |
|Fly fishing can support sustainable tourism. | | | | | |
|Fly fishing as a recreational tourism activity can bring people value of natural beauty | | | | | |

Part III. Potential of Fly Fishing as a Recreational Tourism Activity
| |5 |4 |3 |2 |1 |
|Fly fishing is an activity that create personal enjoyrment and recreation. | | | | | |
|Fly fishing as a recreational tourism activity can attracts significant numbers of seasonal and permanent | | | | | |
|residents that could change the community for the better. | | | | | |
|Fly fishing as a recreational tourism activity can provide better employment. | | | | | |
|Fly fishing as a recreational tourism activity can be a critical components of efforts to recover from and| | | | | |
|stay well when living with a mental illness or addiction. | | | | | |
|Fly fishing can be a recreational tourism activity for all ages and abilities. | | | | | |

Comments / Suggestions: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY
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for the degree Bachelor of Science in International Hospitality Management Major in Cruise Line Operation in Hotel Services under the College of International Tourism and Hospitality Managementhas been read and found it thorough and acceptable with respect to grammar and composition by the undersigned English critic.

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