...Analyze the root causes of food insecurity in the following two countries: Bangladesh and Niger.’ Food, water, clothing, education and shelter are the basic needs for all human being. As a citizen of world’s one of the poorest country, Bangladesh, I want to explore and understand the significance of famine and starvation and how it is related with food insecurity. The paper will also study the origin of food insecurity and investigate the causes. I have chosen to research on Bangladesh and Niger, two of the low-ranked on United Nation’s Human Development Index (HDI) countries. Hundreds of millions of people, concentrated toward children and elderly, are suffering due to famine and experts are expecting this number to grow if adequate measures are not taken to prevent it. Sub-Sahara African nations are mostly the victims of extreme cases of famine but other continents also have some impacts. For instance, South Asian countries heavily depend on monsoon rain that makes them vulnerable to crop failure. On the man-made side, government instability and policies also play a big role. The after effects of such event could also lead to economic failure of the population. Countries with uncontrolled population, for instance Bangladesh and India, also suffer from extreme form of malnutrition and hunger as it becomes day by day difficult to produce adequate food for local citizens. In such cases, government asks for foreign aid to stabilize the situation. When food security is concerned,...
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...Regional Food Security Experience: Lessons Learnt from India and Timor Leste Food Security in Bangladesh 2 Food Security Status and Challenges Food security situation in Bangladesh has improved, especially on the availability side4, and further improvements on access and utilisation, to be sustainable and large-scale, needs renewed efforts from the government, civil society (including media) and the development partners. Records say in 70s’, 70% people were under the food consumption poverty line. Today this is down to under half of the population. Today, though people are not dying, they are going hungry and becoming stunted with reduced mental and physical capacity. They are suffering. The hungry population of over 60 million people is larger than most other global cases- the third largest poor population in any country after China and India5. Nearly half of Bangladesh’s children are underweight, making it one of the most severe cases of malnutrition in the world. While Bangladesh has definitely got more food than it had thirty years back, yet almost half of Bangladesh is still far from being food secure. The World Bank and GoB-UN in their respective reports on MDGs, put the target of 34% children being underweight as non-attainable at present rates of progress. Much will need to be done to achieve the 2015 MDG target of halving the proportion of people who suffer from hunger and malnutrition. Demographic changes in upcoming years are likely to affect poverty and...
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...Of the 73 million children living in the United States, over 32 million are in households considered low-income or below the federal poverty level (“Child Poverty,” 2017). While elementary and secondary public school education are available to all residents under age 18, students from low socioeconomic status (SES) households (under 200 percent of the federal poverty level) have an academic disadvantage when compared to non-poor peers (income over 200 percent of FPL). As the “lottery of birth” of growing up with or without financial stability determines a child’s overall standard of living, it thus also determines the quality of their education (Kristof, 2014). This paper will outline three areas of inequality between low SES and non-poor public...
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...chore of pumping water into child’s play and the community, as a whole, improved. Figure 2 Diagram of how when the kids play, groundwater travels from underground, through the pump, to the tank, and then to the fountain for anyone to obtain. Not everyone is happy with the PlayPump though. Although the idea is great, it is not sustainable: more water is taken from the ground than is being replenished. The PlayPump solves the problem of obtaining the water but a deeper problem lies, literally, underneath: what happens when the water runs out? Seven out of nine provinces have been designated as disaster areas, marked for low or almost no rainfall. This will hinder crop production and leave South Africa not only with water insecurity but food insecurity as well. Science attempts to explain and combat the natural phenomenona in life. By knowing what we are up against, we can better prepare ourselves....
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...opportunities during the summer, low-income families struggle with food insecurity. In 2013, the total US child food insecurity rate was 21.4%, according to a study done by the Feeding America organization. The graph below depicts the top 10 states suffering from child food insecurity; 8 are southern states. Collin County, specifically, had a 22% child food insecurity rate in 2013, which was still above the national average of 21.4%, according to research conducted by the Healthy Communities Institute. This percentage has significantly risen from 18% in 2011. We bring up the issue of food insecurity because it affects cognitive, socioemotional, and physical development in children. Children who do not eat an adequate amount of food can suffer from iron deficiency, which causes fatigue, weakness, and memory problems. This can lead to low math and reading comprehension among school-aged children, who are then more likely to repeat grades (Wight, 2010). The research also suggests that food insecurity is linked to psychopathic tendencies, and a lack of social skills among girls. Among school-aged children, food insecurity is also associated with visits to psychologists and therapists, fighting, an inability to get along with classmates, and symptoms of depression. Health risks are inevitable for children who endure long periods of food insecurity. In addition to the health risks listed above, exposure to food insecurity results in chronic health conditions, increased hospital visits...
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...PROJECT PROPOSAL FOR SCHOOL FEEDING PROGRAMME (SOLOMON PROJECT) PROPOSAL DONE BY: MIRECO COMMUNITY BASED DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION ABSTRACT Ever went to school or work with an empty stomach? Then surely you can remember the difficulties you can have in trying to concentrate on the tasks given to you. Your attention gets drawn to that empty feeling inside your body, the cry for food. The above mentioned scenario is just a nightmare for others. But to others it is not an incidental thing but occurring day after day. Who can stand there and see it happen and still do nothing.., just standing there and let those things happen without feeling pity for those people? This is what happens in some schoolsin Kenya. Quite a number of the children come to school with little or no food for breakfast, just chewing some bush fruits, if they found any on the way to school. Getting in class with an empty stomach surely is not the right start for a day at school; concentration is lacking, attention is drawn to that gnawing feeling inside. These children don’t have the energy for sports; fall sick more often as their resistance is undermined by under-nourishment and drop out more easily from school. What would you do if you saw it happening? Would you just be the bystander or the one that would take action? Surely it is impossible to help the whole world but this doesn’t mean that we don’t have the obligation to help, even with just the little bits we can share. That is why our organization...
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... SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY…………………………………. SCOPE AND DELIMITATION…………………………………… DEFINITION OF TERMS……………………………………….. THERITICAL FRAMEWORK……….…………………………10 – 14 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURES………………………. REVIEW OF RELATED STUDIES…………………………….. METHODOLOGY …………………………………...……..19 Research Design ……………….…………………………………...…....19 Research Environment…………………………………...…...19 Research Respondent ……………………………………….......20 Research Instrument ………………………………………..…...20 Sampling Technique……………………...……20 Data Gathering Procedure ………………… Statistical Treatment of Data…………………..……….…….21 Definition of Terms ………………………….……..…....22 – 23 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY ………………… Questionnaire…………………………………………………......24 - 26 CHAPTER I The Problem And Its Scope Rationale The purpose of this study is to examine relationships between nutrition and how it affects student success in school. Nutrition from food is critical for both physical and mental function and growth. National guidelines exist which regulate what constitutes adequate nutrition to support the body, and these guidelines have been at least partially integrated into most school curriculums, as well as food and wellness policies. Although adequate nutrition is vital for the body and mind to function, it is less attainable by some students due to a variety of factors, such as...
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...Abstract This paper examined the impact of poor nutrition on the academic performance of grade seven learners at two primary schools in Chivi, Zimbabwe. Its main objective is to identify mitigation policies and measures designed to reduce negative effects of poor nutrition on children’s academic performance. Malnutrition remains one of the major obstacles to human well-being affecting all areas of a child's growth and development, including performance in the classroom. The study is grounded in Maslow’s motivational and needs theory. In this study, a qualitative phenomenological case study design was used with focus group discussions, interviews and observations as data collection instruments to twelve (12) grade seven learners, three (3) headmasters and four (4) teachers, purposively sampled in Masvingo province. Findings revealed that malnutrition affected physical growth, cognitive development and it consequently impacts on academic performance, health and survival of learners. Malnutrition also deepens poverty due to increased health care costs. The study also established that hungry and undernourished grade seven learners were not able to take on physical work and sporting activities seriously, are less able to attend school and if they do, are less able to concentrate and learn. On the way forward, there is need to introduce nutritional gardens at community, school and at family levels. Addressing the root causes of malnutrition (such as food insecurity, poverty, population...
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...IMPLICATIONS OF NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY ACT,2013 SUB-THEME: Economic implications of National Food Security Act, 2013 and its international trade impacts I. Impact of 2013 Act on exports and how supply will meet demand created. II. The comparison between “livelihood security “and “food security legislation.” III. Economic implications of adopting a „rights based approach‟ through the 2013 Act. AUTHORS: URVASHI BANSAL STUDENT AMITY LAW SCHOOL,NOIDA CONTACT DETAILS: MOBILE: 08130158915 E-MAIL: urvashisurabhi12@gmail.com AKANKSHA KAPUR STUDENT AMITY LAW SCHOOL,NOIDA CONTACT DETAILS: MOBILE: 08510042250 E-MAIL: akanshakapur0@gmail.com CERTIFICATE The research paper entitled ―Economic implications of National Food Security Act, 2013 and its international trade impacts” submitted for the conference on INTERNATIONAL TRADE IMPLICATIONS OF NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY ACT,2013 is based on my original work. The research work has not been submitted elsewhere for award of any degree. The material borrowed from other sources and incorporated in the thesis has been duly acknowledged. I understand that I myself could be held responsible and accountable for plagiarism, if any, detected later on. ABSTRACT The research paper presented before you investigates the Economic Implications of The National Food Security Act, 2013 proposed by the government. This Bill aims to provide food and nutritional security to whole of India; access to adequate quality food at affordable prices to...
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...FOOD SECURITY IN BANGLADESH (Md, Ibrahim kholilullah, AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS ,2ND BATCH ,SYLHET AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY ,01718996557) The world summit of 1996 defined food security as existing ‘when all people at all times have access to sufficient, safe, nutritious food to maintain a healthy and active life’. Commonly the concept of food security is defined as including both physical and economic access to food that meets peoples dietary needs as well as their food preferences. In many countries ,health problem related to dietary excess are an ever increasing threat, infact ,malnutrition and food borne diarrhea are become double burden. Food Security Status and Challenges: Food security situation in Bangladesh has improved, especially on the availability side, and further improvements on access and utilisation, to be sustainable and large-scale, needs renewed efforts from the government, civil society (including media) and the development partners. Records say in 70s’, 70% people were under the food consumption poverty line. Today this is down to under half of the population. Today, though people are not dying, they are going hungry and becoming stunted with reduced mental and physical capacity. They are suffering. The hungry population of over 60 million people is larger than most other global cases- the third largest poor population in any country after China and India5. Nearly half of Bangladesh’s children are underweight, making it one of the most severe...
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...and increases their vulnerability to infectious diseases and non-communicable diseases later in life. It also damages their ability to learn and develop useful skills, which exposes them to poverty and further under nutrition. Bangladesh is thus characterized by a cycle of intergenerational poverty, ill-health and malnutrition. To-date, public sector investments to address this have had very little impact because they were limited in scale and scope. Malnutrition is a multi-dimensional problem requiring interventions that cut across sectorial boundaries. Sustained improvements in nutrition outcomes are achieved not only through improved food security, but also changes in behaviours and knowledge regarding dietary diversity, child care and health care. Such changes require broader interventions that cut across multiple sectors such as food and agriculture, water and sanitation, education and health. In Bangladesh, malnutrition has largely been viewed as a health issue, with interventions to address malnutrition channeled almost exclusively through the health sector. Such interventions have failed to deliver a coordinated...
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...APPROVED BY: DATE: Derek L. Anderson, Ed.D. August 2, 2010 Nutrition and Academic Performance 2 Table of contents Abstract ...…………………………………………………………………………………………3 Chapter I: Introduction…………………………………………………………………………….…4 Statement of Problems…………………………………………………………………….8 Research Questions…………………………………………………………………….…9 Definition of Terms ……………………………….…………………………………….10 Chapter II: Review of the Literature Nutrition and Cognition ………………………..……………………………………….11 Food Insufficiency …………………………..………………………………………….24 School Food Programs ……………………………...…………………………………..35 Chapter III: Results and Analysis …………………………..…………………………………..51 Chapter IV: Recommendations and Conclusion ……………………...………………………..54 References...………………………………………………………………………………..…...59 Nutrition and Academic Performance 3 Abstract The purpose of this paper was to review existing literature about past research that highlighted studies concerning nutrition and its relationship to brain function, cognition, learning, and social behaviors. There is evidence that school breakfast and lunch programs are not up to par with current United States Department of Agriculture standards and that USDA standards may not be utilizing the latest research about nutrition. Studies have shown that proper nutrition has a direct effect on student performance and behavior in school. Much of the literature I reviewed confirmed that nutrition has a direct effect on neurotransmitters which are important in sending messages from the body...
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...letters attest to the courage, tenacity, and intelligence of youth who had few resources, but hoped for better lives during this era. The editor also clarifies Mrs. Roosevelt and her staff’s responses to the letters. Only 1 percent of youths received the material assistance they requested. About 5 percent were told by Mrs. Roosevelt’s staff to seek help from New Deal agencies, 3 percent were directed toward charities, and 3 percent were encouraged to contact educational institutions. Eighty-eight percent of the letter writers were rejected by Mrs. Roosevelt’s office. Readers are left to wonder about the children and youth who never had their requests filled. Collier, P. (1999) ‘On the Economic Consequences of Civil War’ in Oxford Economic Papers vol. 51 no. 1, 1999. Oxford and Washington DC: Oxford University...
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...Chupical Shollah Manuel Globalization as a theory, concept and ideology has roots from modernization theories. It has been advanced by industrialized nations and thereupon imposed on the developing nations. This concept is paradoxical where in one hand it is liberating and on the other it is constraining. In this paper, globalization is defined as a set of institutional and ideological relations which brings nations into a global village, fusion of cultures, and advancement of geopolitics, internationalization, increased borderless society and global market economy (Robertson, 1992; Ritzer, 2004; Wallerstein, 1974/2000; Zetlin, 2001). This essay chronicles a heated debate between supporters of globalization and those who are skeptical about it as suggested by the question that globalization benefits small nations while in sharp contrast these small developing nations find it as beneficial to developed nations. A plethora of case studies will be drawn across the globe in assessing these two contrasting views and in the conclusion a judgement will be passed based on the evidence substantiated throughout the entire essay. The assertion that “while promoters of globalization proclaim that this model is the tide that will lift all boats, while citizens movements find that it is instead lifting only yachts” means that globalization is viewed, conceived and interpreted differently by the rich and the poor countries are very sceptical. Globalization is not different from other theories...
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...ECONOMY A Research Paper Submitted to Ms. Antonia D. Entino Instructor A Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the course Eng. R: Writing in the Discipline By: Charlene P. Trenchera Sheila Mae O. Calites April Faith S. Negros Joana F. Santizo Annaliza S. Lar Jonel V. Verzosa Khim Arjay S. Pica Group I BS-Economics IB March, 2016 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The researchers would like to thank express their heartfelt gratitude to the individuals who helped in making this research a success. Especially to our Creator, who gave us strength and wisdom to finish this research paper. Special thanks to our parents who supported us financially, spiritually and emotionally which are a big help in the compilation of this study. Special thanks to our English Teacher, Ms. Antonia D. Entino for the patience and determination in teaching us all about research writing. Without her untiring effort this study will not be successful. To all the persons who helped us to finish this study. Thank you a lot. CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Background of the Study Poverty is general scarcity, dearth, or the state of one who lacks a certain amount of material possessions or money.[1] It is a multifaceted concept, which includes social, economic, and political elements.[2] Poverty may be defined as either absolute or relative poverty or destitution refers to the lack of means necessary to meet basic needs such as food, clothing...
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