...Forecasting and Indices Forecasting is a process in which statements or conclusions are made regarding the outcome of events that have not yet happened. Forecasting is predicting what the could look like. There are many examples of forecasting. Estimating or predicting can be referred to as formal statistical methods that employ time series, cross-sectional or longitudinal data. Forecasting can be use to estimate a wide variety of issues, weather related events, the use of resources, sales, profit or loss and even staffing needs for a particular project. Coupling these findings with good planning can give a company a good indication of what the future should look like. Forecasting can use many different methods. Evaluating your objectives and conditions relevant to the individual situations can help in choosing the correct method to use. Another option is to use several methods and compare or combine the results, as many times, there is no one “best” method. “The forecast error is the difference between the actual value and the forecast value for the corresponding period. where E is the forecast error at period t, Y is the actual value at period t, and F is the forecast for period t. Measures of aggregate error: Mean absolute error (MAE) Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) Percent Mean Absolute Deviation (PMAD) Mean squared error (MSE) Root Mean squared error (RMSE) Forecast skill (SS) Average of Errors (E)...
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...Marketing Plan Period 3 By KORNVIKA KORVORAKUL, OLEKSANDRA SEITS, LARENCE BLACK, JIANI LIU Contents 1. Executive Summary……………………..…………..…………….p2 2. Situation Analysis………………………..…………..…………….p3 3. SWOT Analysis…………………………………………………..……p5 4. Key Assumptions…………………………….………………………p6 5. Marketing Objectives & Strategy.…..………………………p6 6. Action Plans….………………………………………………..………p7 7. Budget………….………………………………………………..………p8 8. Controls…….….………………………………………………..………p9 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY External analysis of Loonies marketing plan for period 1 revealed that during mentioned and further periods, the economic situation on the market is predicted to be stable with a low inflation rate (2-3%) which is expected not to cause any significant changes in company’s function. In general term, Loonies’ performance is very successful and the company is mostly favoured by Juliet market’s customers and investors. However, Sonite product market is highly competitive, where Loonies’ projects such as Loop (high-ended, Professionals and High Earners targeted product) and Lock (low-ended, Savers and partially Shoppers targeted model) take the 2nd and the 6th places respectively in terms of popularity and profitability. One more valid point analysed in current market situation is Loonies main competitors. Loop faces threats from ROCK and TONE, which have a similar set of features and functions but slightly more expensive then Loop. At the same...
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...CHAPTER ONE 1.1 INTRODUCTION A casual look at the published empirical work in business and econometric will reveal that many economic relationships are of single –equation type. In such models, one variable (the dependent variable Y) is expressed as a linear function of one or more other variables (the explanatory variables, the X’s). An implicit assumption is that the cause and effect relationship, if any , between Y and X’s is unidirectional. The explanatory variables are the cause and the dependent variable is the effect . However, there are situations where there is a two- way or simultaneous relationships between Y and some of the X’s which makes the distinction between the dependent and the explanatory variables of dubious value. It is better to lump together a set of variables that can be determined simultaneously by the remaining set of variables- precisely what is done in simultaneous equation models. In such models, there is more than one equation - one for each of the mutually or jointly dependent or endogenous variables. And unlike the single equation models, in the simultaneous equation models, one may estimate the parameters of a single equation without taking into account information provided by the other equation in the system. In a simultaneous equation system, variables that appear only on the right – hand side of the equation are called exogenous or predetermined variables. They are truly independent or non-stochastic because they remain fixed. Variables...
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...MAHATMA GANDHI UNIVERSITY KOTTAYAM REGULATION 1. COURSE OBJECTIVES The MG University MBA program is designed with the following objectives: 1. To develop young men and women in to professional managers to manage all sectors of the organized economic activity. 2. To equip the youngsters with conceptual and interpersonal skills and social purpose for managerial decision-making and its execution in real situations. 3. To develop and encourage the entrepreneurial capabilities of young generation to make them effective change agents. 4. To meet the demand for trained and professional people in the country at the top level management of business and industrial organizations in the light of the new economic and industrial policy of the country. 2. COURSE DURATION The MBA (Full Time) programme of Mahatma Gandhi University shall be spread in two years duration with 4 Semesters. Each semester shall comprise of a minimum of 16 instructional weeks of 5 days each of 5 hours a day (total contact hours 400). Continuous Internal Evaluation during the course period and University examination at the end of each semester shall be conducted. There shall be a semester break of 15 days each in addition to the usual Onam, Christmas and summer holidays. 3. ELIGIBILTY FOR ADMISSION 1. A pass in any Bachelor’s Degree Examination of Mahatma Gandhi University or an equivalent degree of any other universities duly recognized by M.G.University with not less than 50% marks in the aggregate for all parts of...
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...Production Planning with Load Dependent Lead Times and Sustainability Aspects Institute of Information Systems Department of Business Sciences University of Hamburg In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doktor der Wirtschaftswissenschaften (Dr. rer. pol.) Cumulative Dissertation submitted by Julia Pahl Head of board of examiners: Prof. Dr. Knut Haase First examiner: Prof. Dr. Stefan Voß Second examiner: Prof. Dr. Hartmut Stadtler Date of thesis discussion: 18. May 2012 Contents Table of Contents 1 I Framework of the Thesis 2 1 Production Planning with Load-Dependent Lead Times and Sustainability Aspects 1.1 List of Related Research Articles and Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2 Course of Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 Conclusions and Research Directions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 4 5 7 9 2 Cumulative Doctoral Thesis 2.1 Three Thematically Related Research Articles and Reports . . . . . . . . . 2.2 Co-Authors and Substantial Contribution of Candidate . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 Publication of Research Articles and Reports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 10 11 12 3 Curriculum Vitae 13 II Literature 21 1 Part I Framework of the Thesis 2 Chapter 1 Production Planning with Load-Dependent Lead Times and Sustainability...
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.... ReseaRching and WRiting a disseRtation a guidebook foR business students Colin Fisher second edition . Researching and Writing a Dissertation: A Guidebook for Business Students . We work with leading authors to develop the strongest educational materials in management, bringing cutting-edge thinking and best learning practice to a global market. Under a range of well-known imprints, including Financial Times Prentice Hall, we craft high-quality print and electronic publications which help readers to understand and apply their content, whether studying or at work. To find out more about the complete range of our publishing, please visit us on the World Wide Web at: www.pearsoned.co.uk . Researching and Writing a Dissertation: A Guidebook for Business Students Second edition Colin Fisher with John Buglear Diannah Lowry Alistair Mutch Carole Tansley . Pearson Education Limited Edinburgh Gate Harlow Essex CM20 2JE England and Associated Companies throughout the world Visit us on the World Wide Web at: www.pearsoned.co.uk First published 2004 Second edition 2007 © Pearson Education Limited 2004 © Pearson Education Limited 2007 The right of Colin Fisher to be identified as author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical...
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