...Youth who age out of the foster care system are vulnerable to adversity. Research shows that half of them age out of the system without a high school diploma, employment, or housing security (Stott, 2011). Furthermore, about 25% of young adults have reported substance use and 15% have dependence disorders. The youth population in the American foster care system is five times more likely to be diagnosed with substance abuse disorders than others who are not in the system (Meyers, Kaynak, Clements, Bresani, & White, 2013). According to Garcia and Courtney (2011), 19.2% of youth in the child welfare system met the criteria for substance abuse and dependency. When adolescents are in the foster care system for long periods of time, which is usually...
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...With both parents struggling with drug abuse, Savannah was a victim and started using drugs at the age of ten. Consistently, she was taking pills, smoking marijuana, and drinking. Struggling with depression, bulimia, anorexia, and her parents’ physical and verbal abuse was demanding. In 2009, she ran away from home. At 15 years old, when the cops found her, her eyes were sunken in, her skin was black and blue and littered with cuts; she did not recognize herself. When Savannah entered the juvenile hall, sobriety began. At 18, she now works as a project coordinator for a drug recovery center (“True Story: Savannah”). Though Savannah's story ends well, this is not common for kids living with addicted parents. Ordinarily, kids from drug addicted parents do not end up in recovery, and often struggle with physical and psychological problems. Studies reveal, “25 percent of American kids grow up in households where substance abuse is present” (“Guide for Children of Addicted Parents”). Therefore, substance abuse affects children in numerous ways, including impacts of drug addiction, abusive parents, and involvement in rehabilitation programs. Similarly, substance abuse affects...
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...include ARKids First health insurance for children, the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly known as food stamps), Transitional Employment Assistance (TEA) and Medicaid. DHS uses Medicaid that is both federally and state funded to pay for 64 percent of the babies born in Arkansas each year and for the care of 69 percent of the state’s nursing home patients. Additionally, DHS protects children and the elderly who have been abused or neglected; finds adoptive homes for foster children; funds services for the elderly such as congregate and home-delivered meals and regulate nursing homes. While regulating childcare facilities, they also support high-quality early childhood education; treat and serve youth in the juvenile justice system; oversee services for blind Arkansans; runs residential facilities for people with developmental disabilities; manages the Arkansas State Hospital and Arkansas Health Center for those with acute behavioral health issues; and supports nonprofit, community and faith-based organizations that depend on volunteers to continue programs vital to our communities. The agency also partners with community mental health care centers to provide mental health services to almost 74,000 people each year. Over all, DHS serves more than 1.2 million Arkansans every single year. To manage these services and programs efficiently, DHS has 10 divisions and five support offices headquartered in Little Rock in addition to the 85 county offices. Among those...
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...Article Review: State Responses to Substance Abuse Among Pregnant Women Developmental Psychology For decades, American citizens and lawmakers alike have been arguing over the controversial issue of women's prenatal substance abuse. Considering that the public opinion for this matter varies across the nation, each state has their own set of laws on how to deal with the issue. Some states have made drug treatment more readily available for pregnant women with a history of drug abuse, while others have attempted to criminalize prenatal drug-use or use it as grounds to end custodial rights. “For many lawmakers, the issue comes downs to the difficult task of balancing a woman’s right to bodily integrity with society’s interest in ensuring healthy pregnancies, and the question of whether punitive approaches will foster - or hinder - health outcomes for women and children.” This report covers both the negative and positive approaches of state intervention to alleviating prenatal substance abuse and the alarming statistics regarding the relationship between prenatal drug-use and race. For advocates of women’s reproductive rights, they ask the question: “Can the state ever be justified in regulating a pregnant woman’s behavior in the interest of protecting her fetus and whether such policies potentially undermine the legality of abortion?” To date, no state has yet enacted a law that criminalizes drug-use during pregnancy. Nevertheless, hundreds of women have been arrested...
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...placed in foster care when their home is no longer a safe place for them to stay. A court will grant the state temporary ownership of the child, thus allowing the state to enroll the child into the foster care system. The effects of foster care on mental health have been a topic of increasing concern in recent years. Research supports that children in foster care are at a higher risk of experiencing mental health issues due to certain factors that they are exposed to. The goal of foster care is to provide children with a safe and nurturing environment, though the type of placement of a child and how many times they have been moved greatly affects the chances of poor mental health. Studies found that a higher number of placements...
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...Studies indicate that drug abuse among offenders is prevalent. Davis et al. (2012) reported that among prison inmates in the United States, 73 percent used drugs regularly prior to their incarceration. Research suggests that despite of the severity, only few inmates will receive intensive substance abuse treatment while incarcerated (Ray et al., 2015). For example, Bender et al. (2016) argued that 45% of state prisons and 68% of jails had no substance abuse treatment of any kind. Thus, when released, many offenders are returning to their communities with substance abuse problem and have difficulty overcoming drug dependency (Bender et al., 2016; Davis et al., 2012; Ray et al., 2015). Studies reveal that drug abuse is a major factor in recidivism. For instance, Ray et al. (2015) stated that drug-involved offenders are twice as likely to recidivate. This finding is consistent with the literature. Research on substance abuse suggest that many returning offenders may be rearrested and returned to prison because of their inability to refrain from substance abuse (Davis et al., 2012; Ray et al., 2015). In relation to recidivism, Berg & Cobbina (2016) found that drug and alcohol addiction was primarily responsible for failed reentry and reintegration...
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...Services serves El Paso County with adoption, child and adult protective services, substance abuse, and mental health services through referrals within community resources. Resources that are more accessible and available in the community deal with child welfare issues such as abuse and neglect. Child Protective Services goes through a process after an individual reports any abuse or neglect. Child Protective Services can get referrals from doctors, hospitals, police, and schools in regards to abuse and neglect which then the intake unit at the department checks into each report. The adoption unit strives in helping children without a home find permanent placing within a foster family. The unit also works closely with foster care agencies in the community to match and place children in the right adoptive family and provide resources for foster families as they transition with these children. A Kidz Hope Homes assists children from birth until the age of 21 years’ old towards stability and family support when they don’t have any. Bethany Christian Services...
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...Capital Structure of Sonoco By: Glenn C. Mack FIN 560 Financial Management of the Enterprise Salem International University June 15th 2014 In finance, capital structure refers to the way a corporation finances its assets through some combination of equity, debt, or hybrid securities. A firm's capital structure is then the composition or 'structure' of its liabilities. For example, a firm that sells $20 billion in equity and $80 billion in debt is said to be 20% equity-financed and 80% debt-financed. The firm's ratio of debt to total financing, 80% in this example, is referred to as the firm's leverage. In reality, capital structure may be highly complex and include dozens of sources. Gearing Ratio is the proportion of the capital employed of the firm which come from outside of the business finance, e.g. by taking a short term loan etc. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_structure). Introduction Packaging is the expertise of protecting a product for distributing, storage, sale, and use. Research shows that packaging can be traced back to the ancient times. In this research paper we will be looking at the company Sonoco Products history, capital adequacy, its cash flow, its financing history and future plans. This company has a personal attachment to my family. It supported 3 generations of my family financially. My great grandfather (Tommy Mack) started working with the company in the 1940’s. Grandfather (Lee...
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...In 2006 and 2012 I had spent a year in foster care until my mom was able to prove that she was responsible enough to take care of my siblings and I. We were lucky enough to be put into homes where we were able to transition, and adapt into being part of their family. While being a foster child myself I had met other foster children who were either physically or mentally abused. Normally someone only hears about the positive aspects of foster care, and not the negatives. I’ll let you decide whether foster care is a great benefit for children or if we should change some aspects of the program. To begin with, there are nearly 428,000 children in the foster care system today. While being in foster care you are normally placed in a non-relative home, however; depending on the situation you may be place with someone within your family. There are many great features of the foster care system, and not...
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...service, it either happens with a court order maybe because of an abuse or with the agreement of the parent. “The term ‘looked after children and young people’ is generally used to mean those looked after by the state, according to relevant national legislation which differs between England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. This includes those who are subject to a care order or temporarily classed as looked after on a planned basis for short breaks or respite care. The term is also used to describe ‘accommodated’ children and young people who are looked after on a voluntary basis at the request of, or by agreement with, their parents. most look after children will have experienced so many disruptions in their lives. This may include painful experiences such as family bereavement. As a result the children's education may become affected and they may be below their expected class average. This will have caused from poor concentration, the child may also need specific help in their work and class before any sort of progress can be made. * Parental illness: A child may need to be looked after because their parents may be ill or cannot cope and as a result the child may have to leave the family home for a period of time. Throughout this time they may live in foster homes, residential schools or children's homes. * Family breakdown: Families break down for a number of reasons including the following substance abuse, mental health problems, bereavement, parental illness and incapacity...
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...Child abuse came about in the twentieth century. There are multiple types of child abuse such as physical, abuse, abuse, and neglect. Studies show child abuse recognized more in economically developed countries than in developing countries. Children, however, have been beaten and abandoned for many thousands of years, based primarily on the belief that children are the property of their parents. Children have always been susceptible to abuse by their parents or other adults for many centuries because laws failed to protect them. In earlier years civilizations usually abandoned deformed or unwanted children. In Roman society the father had total control over the family. The men were known for even killing their children for disobedience. In Roman and Greek societies sexual abuse of children was common. Children were often sold as prostitutes. In the thirteenth-century England had a law that read, "If one beats a child until it bleeds, it will remember, but if one beats it to death, the law applies"( Library Index 2011). Children and parents thought of beatings as in the child's best interest. Children were also beaten by their teachers. In the fourteenth through sixteenth centuries child abuse was still common. However, there was decrease of abuse in wealthy communities. Later in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century fathers commonly placed their children in internships to provide cheap labor. During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries this tradition continued into the...
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...brought into light. Roe vs. Wade legalized abortion throughout all stages of pregnancy, but gave the states the right to limit abortion during the second and third trimesters. Some states are unrestricted, some are prohibited after just 6 weeks, but the majority of states prohibit abortions after 24 to 26 weeks of pregnancy, unless it is a life or death situation. As a result of having a parent incapable of caring for them, many children spend their childhood suffering. On any given day, 415,000 American children are in foster care. Foster care houses children until they turn 18 and supposedly able to care for themselves. Although most children only stay for 2 years, there are always kids that spend their entire childhood in foster care. Many children know their parents gave them up, didn’t want them, or couldn’t have them and these children are living, suffering the consequences of this. Many children, not placed into a foster home or simply anywhere with care, resort to...
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...What Causes Addiction? How do you know when you are addicted to something? Is it a choice or just an effect? What most people do not understand, is that no one really chooses to be an addict. Addiction is a condition where people become obsessed with a substance or activity. Substance abuse makes people become reliable on a certain substance, and they don’t realize that it is affecting their life. Addicts let their addictions affect their responsibilities that they have at home or at work. Addiction can affect people’s relationships and health. People with addiction usually don’t think that their behavior is affecting themselves and others. According to National Institutes of Health, there are about 3.6 million people in the United States that are addicted to drugs. Many of these addicts are addicted to more than one type of drug. Many people that are addicted to something were not always like that. Addiction can happen anywhere in the world. Just because you say that you will never be addicted to something it doesn’t mean that it will never happen. There are many factors that can contribute to addiction. One major factor that causes addiction is through genetics. Individuals don’t realize that whatever their family does impacts their life. According to the Mediresource website, explains that there is a connection between addiction and genetics. Children who are around addictive parents usually have a higher chance of becoming an addict themselves (Mediresource). Family...
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...Barriers to Health Care in Children in Out of Home Placement Michele Burnette, RN Nur/440 July, 22, 2013 Leslie Rowan Barriers to Healthcare in Children in Out of Home Placement Vulnerability can be described as a concept of susceptibility or risk of health problems. (Chesnay & Anderson, Vulnerable Populations, 2012) One population that meets this description is children in out of home care. These children come from diverse backgrounds with different cultural and religious beliefs related to medical care. They also have been exposed to a cadre of situations such as violence, substance abuse, and untreated mental illnesses of caregivers, etc. It is not uncommon for a child in out of home placement to be behind on routine vaccinations, physical examinations, dental care and to experience developmental and educational delays. “Children and adolescents in foster care have more intensive service needs as compared to the general pediatric population or even other children who are poor” (“Fostering Health: Health Care for Children and Youth in Foster Care,” 2011, p. 201). When a child first enters foster care there is an opportunity to help the child while reaching out to the family. This perfect opportunity to catch the child up regarding the medical and dental neglect that has transpired in their lives can be met with several barriers. One of the most common barriers to care is the inability to obtain proper medical histories for this population (“Fostering...
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...Deciding to become an alcohol or substance abuse counselor can be a very rewarding but stressful occupation. It takes a special person who has compassion, patience and a genuine desire to help people. After completion of the required educational curriculum, there are many organizations that one could look to find opportunities to work with people in need. Also, there are being familiar with the different organization out there that make up the addiction-counseling field will be vital to a the success of the counselor-client relationship. This essay will discuss the different organizations out there that offer support for the counselor and the client. The National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism is on the organizations that make up the National Institute of Health. It is the largest contributor to research on the effects of alcohol in the world. The NIAAA teams up with science professional to conduct research that shows the correlations between alcohol and genetics, neuroscience, epidemiology and prevention and treatment. The NIAAA conducts studies with other treatment facilities and federal programs on issues related to alcohol abuse. T also helps with the implementation and interpretations of the results of research on the federal, state and local levels. Researchers can apply for the National Research Service Award program for grants to continue their works for better treatment possibilities. A trade association is a group of business that works...
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