...Compare and contrast the four main models of health in the Sociology of Health literature, and explain how each of them has influenced our understanding of the concept of health and well-being. Health is a term that is commonly debated and the definition varies from one profession to another and is a controversial term. The World Health Organisation describes health as: “A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” (WHO, 1948) This definition was formulated in 1948 and at the time was a breakthrough in the health care sector and was finally seen as a positive definition of health, rather than negative. Most definition concentrated on disease and illness. There are some criticisms that state that the model describes health as a ‘state’ rather than a process and does not put any certain boundaries on what is considered “health”. In healthcare, models are used to diagnose and explain an individual’s health. There are four main models that dominate the health care profession which are the biomedical model, social model, biopsychosocial model and the holistic model. In this essay I will discuss all four models by looking at their advantages and limitations in health care. The biomedical model is a dominant model of disease in contemporary medicine and was devised by medical scientists for the study of disease. It was created as a scientific model therefor involved a set of scientific assumptions and rules. Biomedicine...
Words: 2054 - Pages: 9
...Four Circles Model Bryan Dunlap EDA 561 Grand Canyon University March 30, 2016 It seems that in the world of education today “accountability” is the latest buzz word to embed itself deep into America’ lexicon. Accountability is used by parents, community members and other stakeholders as an instrument to raise expectations for schools and educators to an extremely high; sometimes unrealistic, levels of achievement. It has also become a weapon wielded by lawmakers and politicians at the state and national levels to levy punitive actions and sanctions to schools that are not meeting their levels of expectations; branding them with a “Scarlet F” if students are not scoring well on standardized tests. While high test scores, continuous improvement, student achievement and teacher/student accountability are things that all schools and district should strive for, there are certainly beneficial ways, as well as destructive means, to attaining such favorable results without harming the school’s most precious resource – students. Effective school administrators are constantly seeking opportunities to improve within their school and in each classroom. There are numerous tools and strategies that administrators and school leaders can implement that will aid in identifying obstacles and providing solutions to improve student success. One such tool is the Four Circles Model outlined by Charlotte Danielson. The Four Circles Model allows administrators...
Words: 1873 - Pages: 8
...The Four Circles Model The Four Circles Model Merriam-Webster defines belief as the acceptance or assurance that something is true. Belief takes faith, because sometimes there is no evidence to support what a person believes. In every successful career you will find someone who first believed; in every successful career that was challenging, you will find someone who had faith. This paper will focus on the Four Circles Model that is founded on what a person believes. It will identify how the Four Circles Model is reflected in my present school, recognize improvements in each of the areas, and how curriculum changes can affect those improvements. The Four Circles Model The Four Circles Model is made up of four segments: what we believe, what we want, what we know, and what we do. The first section, what we believe, is one of the most important sections because of the influence that it has on the other three sections. What we believe as educators can determine what we want for our schools and students; what we know can influence what we believe, and they all ultimately end up influencing what we end up doing. At Edward W. Bok Academy, the Four Circles Model is evident in the school’s culture. Beginning with the first segment of the Four Circles Model (what we believe) we believe that all students have the right to education and ensuring high-level learning is ingrained in our system. Once you enter Bok Academy’s campus, it is obvious what we want to accomplish...
Words: 1228 - Pages: 5
...The four frame analysis model which views organizations in four images, which these frames are captured by distinct [metaphors]: structural [factories or machines], human resource [families], political [jungles], and symbolic [temples or carnivals, theatres]. Each of these frames is equal to a mental model. This enables one to decipher those clues by getting a more comprehensive picture of what is going to happen in future and what they need to do. Besides that, it also helps them to think of a frame as having several potential functions such as map, tool, lens, orientation, filter, prism, or perspective. First of all, for structural frame, in simple words, I will define it as a frame which such as basically contain of rules and regulations, roles, goals, organizations policies, division of labour, coordination of activities and hierarchies of organizations. In structural frame, it focuses on the task assignments within the organization and how are the tasks or roles well assigned and filled perfectly. Besides that, this frame also concern of the overt or explicit goals, strategies of the organization and future technology that will influence the organisation’s structure. When structure does not line up, problems arise. Reorganization or redesign may help or solve remedy the structural misalignment. Rational analysis may help the organisation to the development and implementation of work roles and tasks and the appropriate coordination and integration of individual and...
Words: 547 - Pages: 3
...The four situational leadership models Abstract In this paper the team was asked to discuss the similarities and differences of the four situational leadership models. In the following paper I will discuss the SLT models which are Fielder’s Contingency Model, Vroom, Yetton and Jago Model, House’s Path-Goal Model, and Hersey-Blanchard theory. I will define the theories as well as compare and contrast the SLT models. Introduction to Situational Leadership Styles The situational theory model addresses the fact that “one size does not fit all” in the realm of leadership styles. There is no single best approach to manage a workforce; rather it is about choosing the appropriate leadership style for the right people to maximize communication and performance. Employee’s motivation is driven by a manager’s capability to adapt to their workforce and culture. These four SLT models combine a range of managerial styles that are tailored to adapt to the different personalities within an organization. Some are more flexible than others. Overall, they seek to expand the knowledge base on leadership theories and provides a more modern approach to understanding effective leadership models compared to the traditional model that states the same leadership tactics will be effective across the entire organization (Irgens, O. M. 1995). The following sections will provide insight into each of the models. Based on Fiedler’s theory, a leader’s behavior is dependent...
Words: 1414 - Pages: 6
...Compare and Contrast Four Leadership Models Angela Nelson-Barnes University of Phoenix Compare and Contrast Four Leadership Models The four leadership models in this essay are transformational, transactional, servant, and charismatic. Each of the four models discusses leadership however; each model very based on ideas and visions. The four models are important because each holds information based on leaders styles and goals a leader may have based on workplace ethics. Focusing on a contemporary leadership is a challenge when using the models for discussing an issue needing to be addressed as a leader. Servant leadership is servant and leader. Wren states “the great leader is seen as servant first” (Wren, 1995, p. 19). The servant model focuses mostly on determining a skillset a follower has and how to accomplish goals for an organization. Servant leaders show a great deal of self-confidence and anticipation aspiration and are goal-oriented. Communication along with listing skills are another ability a servant leader uses and can be found in the model. Giving credit to others who has earned it is another predetermined ability as a servant leader. An example of how servant leadership and the style of servant leadership; Starbucks and how Howard Behar the organizations president believed that providing a service and expensive coffee is worth the challenges and loss at the time. The organization was serving coffee that was too expensive for the public however; Behar was...
Words: 1223 - Pages: 5
...Management and Leadership The debate over the differences between management and leadership has stoked a continuing intense argument over the past fifty years for academicians and industrialists alike. In acknowledging, the contrast between the two, Bennis, (2010) illustrates these differences, whilst revealing how they overlap. He explores the effects of both functions on organisations and explains that a mixture of elements from both management and leadership as the most fruitful way of apportioning with subordinates. Bennis identified the roles of a manager has one who initiates, administers, maintains, and focuses on methods. Desires immediate results, relies on control, questions how and when, and has a focus on the status quo. Leadership, however, are those who originate, innovate, develop, initiate, people focused and have an extended view. They also inspire trust; question why and what, have their focus on the possibilities, and challenge the status quo (Bennis, 2010). Kanter (2004) argues that leadership and management has many interpretations with multiple dimensions, and as such, is a topic that is difficult to depict. The philosophical influence of leadership can be demonstrated from the copious military, sporting, social and business accomplishments, which have emerged throughout history. Leadership is more than an assortment of abilities; it is dependent on numerous personal qualities that are difficult to see yet are very powerful. Management was formed...
Words: 616 - Pages: 3
...comparison between model in the past and the present, and how models become more restraints than before. Also we will talk about the advantage of using models and how they can make our life much easy. Models have evolved since the beginning of the century. There are many kinds of models for almost any system or item that exist. Each model uses short, long, simple or complex mathematics formula it depends of which case the models solve. However the models that are used in these recent years are very complex and have many numerous computations which make the only one that can handle it is the computer. These kinds of models are usually use in a wide variety of tasks, such as prevision of the decision made, and an effective answer to everyday problems. During time, models start to be more restraints than before. These kinds of restraints should have value or weight to make a model compatible with the case that model solve. There are several constraints or restraints in each models, one of the most important one is budget of the project. In other words the more wherewithal, the more model accuracy. Mark P. McDonald ( December 8, 2010). To use complex mathematical formula in the models it requires an educated staffs with a good knowledge of model branch, which make the model more expensive and take more time to solve it, comparing with computer time and cost. However the need of special educated persons is strictly required to conclude if the models created by computer...
Words: 824 - Pages: 4
...average women sees four hundred to six hundred advertisements per day, and by the time she is over seventeen years old, she has received over 250,000 commercial messages through the media (Dittrich). Advertisers often emphasize the importance of physical attractiveness in an attempt to sell the products. Researchers are concerned that this places unneeded pressure on women to focus on their appearance. Also, researchers suggest advertising may directly impact women’s body image, which can lead to unhealthy behaviors as women and girls strive for the ultra-thin body idealized by the media. This essay will attempt to prove that the media has a brutal effect on a women’s confidence. First, the media portrays that beauty is a necessity for all women. Unfortunately, the media pushes an unnatural body type, making natural beauty impossible to accept. The average American woman is 5\'4\" tall and weighs 140 pounds. Where as, the average American model is 5\'11\" tall and weighs 117 pounds ( Nikki Katz). Society is being brainwashed by the media. In fact, studies show that more than sixty percent of women do not like what they see in the mirror (Rutherford). Also, at young ages girls are impacted by the physical appearance of Barbie. Many people do not understand that looking like Barbie is physically impossible. Moreover, the models women see in magazines are completely flawless, and have incredible bodies. The majority of society could never look as good as the models they see. To summarize...
Words: 262 - Pages: 2
...thin. So-called “plus-size” models are a growing presence on magazine covers, television and lingerie catalogues but at the Fashion Weeks of New York and London they are still the exception. In a reflection of the expanding market for women who defy the super-slender ideals of the catwalk, leading fashion magazine Elle offered its readers a special issue in March featuring larger than normal models and sales jumped. British designer Mark Fast introduced shows last year in which the models were all above a British size twelve, and American size eight, following criticism that his dresses were too skinny. Despite their trailblazing status in the fashion world, when it comes to bigger models New York and London are slightly out of step. The move towards more generously sized models has accelerated since the death from anorexia in 2006 of Brazilian model Ana Carolina Reston, which shocked the fashion world. Spain and Italy banned models below a certain body mass index after her death, while Britain stopped short; banning only those aged under sixteen from the catwalk. “Sixteen corresponds to a level of maturity,” said Caroline Ruth of the British Fashion Council. When Frederique van der Wal, a former Victoria’s Secret model, attended designers’ shows during New York’s Fashion Week this month, she was “shocked” by the waiflike models who paraded down the catwalk. They seemed even skinnier than in previous years. “We know seeing super-thin models can play a role in causing...
Words: 1578 - Pages: 7
...TOYBOX WORDS:-2292 SUBMISSION:26TH NOVEMBER 2015 Contents 2 INTRODUCTION 3 2.1 Company 3 2.2 Purpose of Report and What it will Cover 3 3 E-BUSINESS 3 3.1 What is E-Business 3 3.2 Definition 4 3.3 Why is it Relevant to Toybox – Discussion of Concept 4 4 STRATEGIES 4 4.1 Definition of a Strategy 4 4.2 Strategy Definition Stage 5 4.3 Decisions That Toybox Should Take At This Point 5 4.3.1 Decision 1: Strategy To Assist with Market and Product Development 5 4.3.2 Decision 2 – Look at the Capabilities of Having a Supply Chain 6 4.3.3 Decision 3:- Looking at Business, Service and Revenue Models 6 5 E-BUSINESS REVENUE MODELS 7 5.1 Definition of a Revenue Model and Why is It Relevant to Toybox 7 5.1.1 Recommendation 1 – Cost Per Click Model - Advertising 7 5.1.2 Recommendation 2 – Auction Models 7 6 CONCLUSIONS 8 7 REFERENCES 9 INTRODUCTION Company Toybox is a toy manufacturer that is continually growing, providing traditional, wooden and educational toys aimed at a specific age group i.e. from birth to eight years old. The toys that they sell are sold in various price brackets ranging from pocket money toys through to toys that are retro inspired. Within the organisation, they have fifteen members of staff who are allocated duties which include designing the toys, purchasing the materials in which to build and manufacture the toys and then through their two outlets in Glasgow and Edinburgh, sell the goods...
Words: 2742 - Pages: 11
...S ANITA NORRIS MODEL MANAGEMENT w 9B10D013 Authorized for use only in the course BSAD 471 Strategic Management at St. Francis Xavier University taught by Brad Long from Jan 05, 2015 to Apr 17, 2015. Use outside these parameters is a copyright violation. Prashob Menon and Paul Lee wrote this case under the supervision of Professor John Haywood-Farmer solely to provide material for class discussion. The authors do not intend to illustrate either effective or ineffective handling of a managerial situation. The authors might have disguised certain names and other identifying information to protect confidentiality. Richard Ivey School of Business Foundation prohibits any form of reproduction, storage or transmission without its written permission. Reproduction of this material is not covered under authorization by any reproduction rights organization. To order copies or request permission to reproduce materials, contact Ivey Publishing, Richard Ivey School of Business Foundation, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 3K7; phone (519) 661-3208; fax (519) 661-3882; e-mail cases@ivey.uwo.ca. Copyright © 2010, Richard Ivey School of Business Foundation Version: (A) 2010-09-10 On March 17, 2010, Anita Norris, owner of Anita Norris Model Management (ANMM) of London, Ontario was contemplating the future of her business. In the two years since Norris started ANMM, the business had grown quickly through her efforts to pursue any revenue stream that presented...
Words: 7564 - Pages: 31
...Nude Models: Its effect to the FEU Fine Arts Student S.Y. 2013 -2014 A Research Paper Submitted to Prof. SYLVIA A .ALIMUIN In partial fulfilment Of the requirements in English AR1318 By: Rapajon, Alyzza D.R. #25 Sanalila, Christopher G. #26 March 21, 2014 Approval Sheet This research paper entitled “ Nude Models : It’s Effects to FEU Fine Arts Student S.Y. 2013 – 2014 “ Prepared and submitted by Alyzza Rapajon , Christopher Sanalila , in partial fulfilment of the requirements in English 2 , has been examined and recommend for acceptance and approval. Approved By: Date Submitted: Rating: Prof. Sylvia Alimuin Dedication First of all, the researchers would like to dedicate this research study to their beloved parents for giving them their moral support in doing this study and especially in financial. Next, the researchers dedicate this to all their professors because they are the ones who make things like this possible. They teach and also encourage the students to do well in their studies. Lastly, the researchers would like to dedicate this study to God. They want to thank him for giving them the strength, knowledge and patience. Acknowledgement The study entitled “Nude models: Its Effects to FEU Fine Arts Student S.Y. 2013 – 2014 “ won’t be accomplished without the help of the following: To our dearest research...
Words: 2072 - Pages: 9
...Abstract Model Paper Abstract models are decision making tools that aid in the identification and mitigation of certain risks (Argosy University, 2014). Different types of abstract models exist and can be utilized for various problems and risk mitigation strategies. This paper will present four specific abstract models: deterministic, probability, simulation and discipline specific modeling techniques. Additionally, the author will introduce an example problem for each type of abstract model presented. Deterministic Modeling Deterministic modeling are “precisely determined through known relationships among states and events, without any room for random variation” (Business Dictionary, 2014, para 4). In deterministic modeling, a certain given input will always generate the same output. An example would be a chemical reaction. When two hydrogen atoms attach to an oxygen atom, the known result produced is water (H2O). A deterministic model can be representated mathematically with the formula y = f (x). One can see real-life determinitic modeling in a retail scenario where y = amount paid and x = almount of the good. Physical and engineering industries are much more difficult to use detiministic modeling for risk mititagtion. For example, the amount of water (capacity) a dam can hold may seems like it could be solve through detministic modeling. Unfortunately, it is impossible to accurately calculate the physical and structural make up of the concrete used down...
Words: 664 - Pages: 3
...Corporate Universities [Facts and current trends about corporate universities * History of CU * What are corporate universities? * CU aim / goals of a CU (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporate_university) * Why corporate universities gaining momentum / need of CU * http://www.shrm.org/research/articles/articles/pages/corporateuniversities.aspx * Difference between CU model and traditional training department ( also diff. between traditional and strategic approach to learning http://www.cuenterprise.com/777about/whatiscu.php ) * Advantages of CU model * Disadvantages of CU model ( http://www.clomedia.com/articles/corporate_universities_a_powerful_model_for_learning ) * Phases of CU * Worlds biggest CU (http://themoscownews.com/infographics/20110912/189036843.html) * ]Shilpa [ * Designing and Running a CU (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporate_university) * Four phases of setting up a CU (https://www.google.co.in/search?q=corporate+universities&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ei=4CP_U5jkC8mTuAT3_YFg&ved=0CAYQ_AUoAQ&biw=1366&bih=667#facrc=_&imgdii=AMhKTit6MAlQ9M%3A%3BvtLFerTuWAuWTM%3BAMhKTit6MAlQ9M%3A&imgrc=AMhKTit6MAlQ9M%253A%3Br9UQG0ZXqW9R9M%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fdibtagroup.com%252Fcorpunn.jpg%3Bhttp%253A%252F%252Fdibtagroup.com%252Fcorporate.html%3B655%3B480) * Embrace Technology: Implementation & use of E-learning in CU]Seema (in 2 slides) * [ * Curriculum and ROI (http://www...
Words: 296 - Pages: 2
