...NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) and Its Advantages in Mexico Regional Integration is described as a process in which states enter into a regional agreement in order to enhance regional cooperation through regional institutions and rules. North American Free Trade Agreement was the removal of barriers between Mexico and the United States. It was the phasing out of virtually all restrictions on trade and investment flows. “The expanded trade resulting from NAFTA has raised the United States' gross domestic product very slightly. (The effect on Mexican GDP has also been positive and probably similar in magnitude. Because the Mexican economy is much smaller than the U.S. economy, however, that effect represents a much larger percentage increase for the Mexican economy.)” (The Effects of NAFTA on U.S. –Mexican Trade and GDP, May 2003). Over the years NAFTA has helped Mexico to improve on their exports and imports trading with the United States. NAFTA has had a positive effect dealing with the international investments. This is because some of the restrictions Mexico had on their foreign investment dealing with the ownership of capital. NAFTA also allowed Mexico to do away with tariffs and quotas. This allowed Mexico to become a profitable place to invest, in plants and assembling of products in the United States. NAFTA eliminating the tariffs in Mexico helped to reduce the different license requirements and restrictions on foreign investment. This meant that it would...
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...NAFTA Assignment Benefits of NAFTA NAFTA is a highly controversial free trade agreement between the countries of Canada, Mexico and the USA. I believe it has more benefits than drawbacks as it has quadrupled trade, lowered prices, increased economic growth and created jobs. Trade The trade between the three countries quadrupled, from $297 billion to $1.14 trillion (Advantages of NAFTA). Which in turn boosted economic growth, profits, and jobs. As well it lowered prices for consumers. A huge reason for the boost in trade between them is because with trade you do away with tariffs that you would usually encounter with other countries. With the cost of trade lowered it was a huge help to small businesses and business owners, now they had a better chance at expanding their businesses. Imports and Exports With lower tariffs the price of imports grew less and less. This is a huge factor for oil prices since instead of getting oil from the Middle East it could be imported from Mexico or the USA. Not only oil had a huge decrease in price and how much could be imported but fresh fruit, which is usually quite expensive, dropped in value and rose in imports. Natural Resources...
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...the nature of NAFTA and its effect on regional integration as well as state economies from several perspectives. In 1993, the United States, Canada and Mexico signed the North American Free Trade Agreement to achieve the higher level of regional integration. This NAFTA not only concerns the removal of trade barriers, but also aims to promote the movement of capital. Firstly, this essay will explain the evolution of NAFTA and its successful influence on economic integration. Furthermore, this chapter will provide the criticism on the influence of NAFTA. Secondly, this study will discuss the impact of NAFTA on regional integration, particularly economic integration. Then, this essay will propose the understandings on the effect of NAFTA on members’ economies and businesses from four perspectives, including trade, economic growth, employment and FDI. Main body The Evolution of NAFTA The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) issued in 1993 aims to removal trade barriers and liberalise economics and business among the United States, Canada and Mexico. Compared with similar FTA economic relationship, such as EU, NAFTA is described as the most implemented FTA (Orme, 1996). Like most FTAs, NAFTA not only effectively coordinates resource and improves competitiveness of countries and corporates, but also promotes the movement of products, services and investment, even financial integration. For instance, Krugman & Hanson (1993) stress that the implementation of NAFTA can facilitate...
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...In analyzing the free trade market there have been several agreements that have been put in place to ensure that there is fair trading among countries. This is necessary in order to ensure that there is a balance between the supply and demand in all markets. It would not be fair for the countries that are powerful on an economic and political level to dominate the market, which would impact the countries that poorer than others. There is constant talks and meetings about free trade agreements in several markets and free trade zone. Most countries are tying to facilitate free trade on a international level, which is never a easy task because there are so many facets of the agreements that have to be addressed. There are many theories that exist that make the thought process simple of implementing free trade agreements but when you think about the principles and how it will affect society, the environment and multiple societies around the world. By encouraging free trade this is the first step towards positive development for all countries. Since the FTA was put in placed there has been a balance, which has curved unethical and illegal practices. It is very important to foster the right relationship between countries, to ensure not only economic growth and national security among foreign countries and trading. Free trade areas (FTA) are agreements where two or more countries eliminate trade barriers and tariffs between goods traded amongst the countries. Started after the end...
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...American Free Trade Agreement The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is a regulation that sets the rules of trade between the United States, Canada, and Mexico. The purpose of this comprehensive agreement is to diminish trading costs, encourage economic activity and help North America stay competitive in the international marketplace. NAFTA came into affect on January 1st 1994 creating one of the largest free trade zones in the world. NAFTA grants the most favored nation status to all three countries, meaning that all nations have to be given equal treatment. Since the enactment of NAFTA the North American economy has grown more then twice its size. After NAFTAs implementation most tariffs were removed within North America and all others were phased out over the next 15 years. As of January 1st 2008 the arrangement had diminished all remaining tariffs and barriers to investment between the NAFTA countries. The trade agreement is overseen by several commissions; including the free trade commission, NAFTA coordinators, NAFTA working groups and committees, NAFTA secretariat, commission for labor cooperation, and the commission for environmental cooperation. Even though NAFTA has created an environment of confidence and stability required for long-term investment the agreement is still seen as controversial. For examples the United States lost factory jobs to lower cost Mexican manufacturing and it lowered the wages for the remaining factory workers. NAFTA has also...
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...Introduction: SAARC, NAFTA and EU are the three regional organizations situated in three different continents Asia, North America and Europe respectively. Among them EU is well establish governance system with a unique parliament comprise by the member state. SAARC and NAFTA are not having a governance system compare to EU. In the economic perspective NAFTA is the largest trade bloc in the world in terms purchasing power parity. EU is holding the second positive and SAARC is comparative weak in all aspect than the two. South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC): The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is an economic and geopolitical organization of eight South Asian nations. Ex-president of Bangladesh, Ziaur Rahman was the one who made a formal proposal on May 2, 1980. The first SAARC summit was held in Dhaka on 8 December 1985, when the organization was established. Afghanistan is the only new inclusion that happened since SAARC was established. Every decision SAARC takes and every policy it frames is guided by the overall objectives it had set for itself in the charter. Although promoting “welfare economics” and “collective self-reliance” among the South Asian nations are the commonly quoted objectives, yet there are some equally important focus areas which need a mention. “Accelerating economic growth” and cultural development in South Asia is one of the priorities, which come under the broader goal of improving quality of life. Ref: Francesco...
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...American Economic Integration: NAFTA and Beyond Dr. Igor M. Paramonov, Southern Alberta Institute of Technology, Calgary, AB, Canada ABSTRACT This paper examines various possibilities for future economic integration within and beyond the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). Previous publications have suggested three potential trajectories including development within the envisioned original structure, deepening, and widening of NAFTA (Clement et al, 1999). It is necessary to revisit these directions while summarizing major developments and new perspectives. Vision and hard work are required for NAFTA to remain one of the most economically competitive regional trading arrangements in the world. In addition to NAFTA, each member nation has pursued its own plans to integrate with countries and regions beyond North America. The most recent developments involve trade negotiations between Canada and the European Union, as well as both Canada and Mexico’s considerations to join the nine countries of the Trans-Pacific Partnership Pact. The United States cooperates with a group of smaller developing economies within the Dominican Republic-Central America-United States Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR). This paper presents ongoing analysis of governmental, academic, and other sources for the purpose of teaching in the field of international business, including the uncommon course of “Business under NAFTA.” INTRODUCTION Is the “Age of NAFTA” over? This is a legitimate...
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...This paper examines the impact of NAFTA on trade as well as migration flows between Mexico, Canada, and the United States in the textile industry. Several questions are being investigated: Why did many textile jobs apparently migrate out of the United States in the years after the establishment of NAFTA? Who gained and lost from the process of readjustment in the textile industry after NAFTA? The act whether to protect or not to protect the textile industry when a free trade agreements? The findings show that the migration of many textile jobs out, mostly Mexico was mainly due to a cheaper and enhanced plants included with a flood of cheap labour compared to the United States. Certain quarters like the people of Mexico, people of the United States, apparel companies, and etc both benefits and lost at the same time. The impact on long-term trends were noticeable, while the short-run impact is more difficult to assess due to competing factors such as changes in business cycle patterns, immigration laws, economical climate, weather conditions, and exchange rate movements. Finally, there is the idea that protecting the textile industry from painful free trade agreement is not a perfect solution, bringing a solid and positive outcome to many with only a little much to sacrifice for the betterment of the countries’ wealth and dependency. Introduction The first major international trade agreement in the world was the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) formed in 1947. Countries...
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... Executive summary Free trade refers to trade between countries without tariff and non-tariff barriers on exports and imports. In another word, free trade refers to trade without government interference. Classical economists such as Adam Smith and David Ricardo have advocated that free trade improves the economic well being of a country by increasing the production of a country and allowing efficient allocation of resources, thus increasing global production and promoting peaceful and prosperous global environment. In the global basis, World Trade Organization formed after GATT in 1995 promotes trade liberalization through multilateral negotiation. On the other hand, in the regional basis, countries are forming regional economic integration to promote free trade stage by stage. The initial stage is known as Free trade areas (FTAs) under which they agree to remove tariffs and non-tariff limitations on trade in products between themselves. Despite all these initiates, governments around the world are still imposing various restriction on trade between countries to protect its own industries such as agriculture which is considered as the backbone of a country. Therefore, this report will discuss the concept of free trade, trade theories and the advantages and disadvantages of Free Trade for consumer, business, environment and politics. Also analyze why a region need Free Trade Area, benefit for developing countries. Summarize advantages and disadvantages of Free Trade for consumer, business...
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...The Northern America Free Trade Agreement or otherwise known as NAFTA is a trade agreement between the United States, Canada and Mexico implemented in the early 1990s. The goal of NAFTA was to eliminate tariff barriers between the three Northern American countries in hopes to promote free trade and a stimulation in economic growth. Based on the economy of each country before and after NAFTA, it is fair to conclude that NAFTA was an overall successful because of the changes economically and socially to each country. Opposition to NAFTA during the early 1990s when its approval was in debate, voiced many concerns on how NAFTA would ultimately create problems economically, socially, and environmentally. Before NAFTA the United States was closely...
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...Faculty of Management Studies (MSU) Assignment on NAFTA (Subject : International Marketing) 1 Assignment on NAFTA Sub: International Marketing Submitted by: Submitted to: Rajesh Madnani Roll No. 9 5th Semester MBA – Evening (XVIIIth Batch) Mr. Seshan Iyer FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES THE M.S.UNIVERSITY OF BARODA Submitted by Rajesh Madnani (Roll No.9) Submitted to Mr. Seshan Iyer Faculty of Management Studies (MSU) Assignment on NAFTA (Subject : International Marketing) 2 What is NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is an agreement made between the governments of Mexico, Canada and the United States for the purpose of eliminating trade barriers among them. Important Documents: - North American Free Trade Agreement (with preamble, 22 chapters, 7 annexes, and articles) -procedural forms NAFTA has two supplements: the North American Agreement on Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC) and the North American Agreement on Labor Cooperation (NAALC). Following diplomatic negotiations dating back to 1990 among the three nations, U.S. President George H. W. Bush, Canadian Prime Minister Brian Mulroney and Mexican President Carlos Salinas, each responsible for spearheading and promoting the agreement, ceremonially signed the agreement in their respective capitals on December 17, 1992.[5] The signed agreement then needed to be ratified by each nation's legislative or parliamentary branch. The agreement was then given to each country’s legislative in order to make changes...
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...Introduction The North American Free Trade Agreement, also referred to as NAFTA, was implemented on January 1, 1994. The free trade agreement, signed by Canada, Mexico and the United States, allows for trilateral trade (Export.gov). The agreement permits for the removal of trade barriers and tariffs, which paves the way for easier trading throughout the North American countries. The agreement calls “for the gradual elimination…of most remaining barriers to cross-border investment and to the movement of goods and services among [the United States, Canada and Mexico]” (CBP.gov). The implementation of NAFTA was preceded by CAFTA, which was a similar agreement solely between Canada and then United States (“Scott, Robert E.). Signed by President Bill Clinton, NAFTA had a goal to “[sweep] away export tariffs in several industries: agriculture [being] a main focus, [as well as] tariffs [being] reduced on items like textiles and automobiles” (Teslik, Lee Hudson). The primary goal of NAFTA is to ease restrictions on commerce between the three countries, in attempts to increase cross-border trade. The initial purposes are outlined specifically within the pages of agreement. Its original goals, along side with easing trade restrictions, include increasing investment opportunities for each country and their citizens. Each nation’s government desires to allow, for citizens of their own countries, the opportunity to invest and participate in the other North American economies. Another preliminary...
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...Canada sign the North American Free Trade Agreement? Which sectors would you expect to gain most from this agreement? NAFTA allowed for the free flow of goods and services between the three parties, US, Mexico and Canada by immediate or phased elimination of tariffs on numerous goods. This free trade would in turn lead to comparative advantage i.e. each country could specialize in producing goods/ services in which they are relatively more productive than their trading partners, increasing overall productivity and output. Hence, the parties to NAFTA signed the agreement so that companies can leverage aggregating and arbitration opportunities within the region leading to overall more trade, more jobs and higher GDP. On the side, the countries also hoped for some other interrelated non-economic benefits such as reduction in illegal immigrants from Mexico to US due to availability of more earning opportunities within Mexico. The sectors which were expected to gain most from this agreement were- automobiles (in Canada), textile and apparel (in Mexico), agriculture (in all countries, particularly US), financial and banking services (in US) and energy (especially in US and Canada). 2.!Has NAFTA been beneficial for the countries that signed it? There were numerous positive economic developments after the signing of NAFTA such as: •! Increase in international trade: Mexico’s trade as a % of GDP almost doubled after the NAFTA agreement, new trade was generated due to arbitrage...
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...NAFTA During this program, I have learned a lot more about NAFTA. I had little knowledge of this multinational agreement before the course. Now I’m amazed to see ; How affective NAFTA is. NAFTA has demonstrated how free trade increases wealth and competitiveness, delivering real benefits to families, farmers, workers, manufacturers, and consumers. The NAFTA partners have created this website to provide Canadians, Americans, and Mexicans with information about how NAFTA works and the many ways in which it has improved the lives of North Americans. Since NAFTA came into effect, trade and investment levels in North America have increased, bringing strong economic growth, job creation, and better prices and selection in consumer goods. North American businesses, consumers, families, workers, and farmers have all benefited. NAFTA FOR BUSINESS NAFTA provides North American businesses with better access to materials, technologies, investment capital, and talent available across North America. Canada’s NAFTA exports have likewise grown substantially, and have been particularly successful in high value added sectors such as automotive equipment (trucks, cars and parts), machinery and parts and industrial goods. In 1998, the growth alone in Canada’s exports to our NAFTA markets was roughly equal to the total value of our exports to Japan and to the 15 nations of the European Union (EU) combined. The growth in our NAFTA exports last year also more than offset the drop in exports to other...
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...UNIT: TASK: LECTURER: UNIVERSITY: NAFTA (North America Free Trade Agreement) whose source credited to Information Trade Center in US through the Department of Commerce implemented in 1994.Usually, comprehensive trade agreement improves almost all aspects of transacting businesses within North America.NAFTA removes almost all tariffs between the US and Canada and removes many of the non-tariff barriers for instance import licenses. The latter has helped in exclusion of U.S. goods from other two markets and mostly Mexico.NAFTA ensures that investment won’t be forced by restrictive government policies such as U.S. investors receiving treatment that is equal to domestic investors in both Canada and Mexico. More so, NAFTA ensures that if U.S. happens not to invest in another country, they are usually set free and granted the freedom not to.NAFTA also provides for guaranteed access to lucrative government procurement contracts in Canada and Mexico.NAFTA destroys American Sovereignty via the creation of supranational panels and commissions. It also castigates courts by infringing on and overriding their jurisdiction as well as giving no stand to seek state redress. Since the implementation of the unconstitutional NAFTA, America has tremendously lost several hundreds of thousands of jobs. Generally has led to the loss of jobs rather than creating jobs as was expected. (Mace, G. (2007). CAFTA (Central American Free Trade Agreement), free trade agreement or treaty under international...
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