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After success in fighting for freedom the African Americans engaged in vigorous process of upgrading their living standards, reconnecting with their people and search for economic resources. The promise for reconstruction was facilitated by the government policies such as the Special Field Order number 15 a long side Port Royal experiment which helped African Americans acquire resources such as lands, (Holt, 1979). The program saw African Americans get access to basic needs such as education, food and healthcare. In addition, the government took a major role of establishing education and providing separate churches.
However, the promise of reconstruction faced great hindrance from the radical republicans who were not happy for the advances of African American in the political field. This was mainly after the efforts of African Americans to use their numbers and unity to get hold of various offices in the government. The Radical Republicans were the Southern whites who were engaged in terrorism, murder and other violent acts in an attempt to prevent blacks from using their political rights.
Jim Crow laws were laws that enforced racial segregation in the Southern America. The laws developed gradually after Andrew Johnson became very reluctant in assisting the blacks in any way which gave chance to the Southern United States to develop a discriminatory legal system, (Cooper, 2009). The laws were formally enacted after the Reconstruction period where they continued to be enforced until mid-1960s. The laws mainly facilitated racial segregation in all United States public facilities and mostly in states where agriculture was mainly the economic activity. Jim Crow laws usually emphasized on separate but equal status for African Americans.

References
Cooper, William J. & Terrill, Tom E. (2009). The American South: a history. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.

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