...Analysis of Jules Ferry’s argument on French Colonial Expansion 1884 The industrial revolution was not only a time of great advancement for the west but was equally troubling for the European countries, especially that of France. Jules Ferry, a French statesmen recognized a need for expansion and took it upon himself to go in front of French parliament to argue his position of the need for French colonial expansion. The arguments he made in support of his country were of economical, humanitarian, and patriotic views. The first of these arguments was economical in nature. Ferry felt it urgent to expand the French colonies because he recognized a change in foreign economic strategies that would directly affect France. He saw that Germany and the United States had put in place trade barrier that made them increasingly difficult to work with. Some countries especially those in the west were not only growing in population but were making technological advances by leaps and bounds. Amidst the continued success and growth of other foreign nations European markets continued to shrink and flood with new products. South America, according to Ferry was a market that they had used for a very long time and now because of the exponential growth of North American industry, Ferry was greatly concerned that North America was going to take over the South American market. Ferry realized that for his country to continue to flourish that something needed to be done. Ferry also had...
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...colonies. Due to the fact he claimed the need of expansion that would allow for growth in industrialized population of Europe. He claimed other place where expanding and France was not. Ferry was concern for the wealthy people, and hardworking country of France. He explains that they need for outlets so they could export. Ferry explained that the treaties of 1860 lack the opportunity to have more outlets. He specially blames the lack of opportunity on Germany. According to Ferry “ They were setting up trade barriers; because across the ocean the United States of America have become protectionists, and extreme protectionists”. Which affect their ability of expansion instead it shirked there opportunity and made more difficult access. Ferry solution to this problem was to build more colonies this way they could have a better chance to export goods to other country .The idea about free trade they would be able to exports goods and France once again would remain with a good economic influence around the world. 2. What arguments against imperialism have been raised by Ferry's critics? How does he counter them? According to Jules Ferry there were some unfavorable things that could be said about France about “great economic difficulties”. One thing was about securities against great South American market. Ferry states it have belonged to France forever. However could possibly be taken away from France. Due to the lack of France expansion, and by North American products he called it...
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...The policy of colonial expansion is a political and economic system . . . that can be connected to three sets of ideas: economic ideas; the most far-reaching ideas of civilization; and ideas of a political and patriotic sort. In the area of economics, I am placing before you, with the support of some statistics, the considerations that justify the policy of colonial expansion, as seen from the perspective of a need, felt more and more urgently by the industrialized population of Europe and especially the people of our rich and hardworking country of France: the need for outlets [for exports]. Is this a fantasy? Is this a concern [that can wait] for the future? Or is this not a pressing need, one may say a crying need, of our industrial population? I merely express in a general way what each one of you can see for himself in the various parts of France. Yes, what our major industries [textiles, etc.], irrevocably steered by the treaties of 1860-1 into exports, lack more and more are outlets. Why? Because next door Germany is setting up trade barriers; because across the ocean the United States of America have become protectionists, and extreme protectionists at that; because not only are these great markets . . . shrinking, becoming more and more difficult of access, but these great states are beginning to pour into our own markets products not seen there before. This is true not only for our agriculture, which has been so sorely tried . . . and for which competition is no longer...
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...Case Study: Jules Ferry Melissa Elliott Chamberlain College of Nursing HIST 410 Professor Franklin March 06, 2016 Case Study: Jules Ferry 1. According to Ferry, what recent developments in world trade have made it urgent for France to have colonies? As an imperialist, Jules Ferry felt that France should be exploring and taking over new nations. He claimed colonial expansion was a great need that had become extremely urgent by the people and industrialized population of Europe (Kleinman, 1897). He stated that other countries, United States and Germany, were exporting so much more than France was. Jules Ferry compiled a report of statistics with his perspective of that great need for colonial expansion (Kleinman, 1897). This report asked questions daring the readers to disagree. Asking if it was a “fantasy”, a “concern that could wait for the future” or a “crying need” for the people of France and its industrial population (Kleinman, 1897). In his mind, he was just voicing what others could plainly see themselves just by looking around. In his words “France needs more outlets for exporting (Kleinman, 1897, para. 2)”. He proved this by blaming Germany for France not having enough outlets because they were setting trade barriers up. Then he blamed the United States for supporting Germany because the U.S. had become “protectionists and extreme protectionists at that (Kleinman, 1897, para. 2)”. He claimed that because of the dwindling markets it was becoming more difficult...
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...story became an “unconscious expression of French colonial expansion.” Instead, he attempts to prove that it was merely a “self-conscious comedy of French colonial expression.” Gopnik focuses on de Brunhoff’s The Story of Babar but reinforces his hypothesis through different writings that de Brunhoff authored, including Babar the King. In the twenty-first century, we are able to look back at texts from previous times, such as The Story of Babar and analyze them. However we are vulnerable to quickly fall into the trap of failing to recognize the external influences that affects the composition of a story from a different era. For instance, looking back upon Anti-Semite and the Jew we may think Jean-Paul Sartre guilty of describing any Jew as wanting to assimilate, and therefore conclude that Sartre was an anti-Semite. What we might forget is that during the time that he wrote the article, the concept of accepting Jews into society was an extremely foreign idea, far more radical than any kind of social exclusion we experience today. Gopnik’s main claim in his essay on The Story of Babar asserts that the story was not written as a positive analogy for French colonization, but instead served as a mockery of the French colonial imagination, closely resembling the prototypical French societal dreams. This distinction is important to recognize, because it changes our view of the text from a form of propaganda, meant to promote French colonization, to a kind of satire, making...
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...The French, The British, And The Berlin Conference The Berlin Conference of 1884 and 1885 regulated European colonization and trade in Africa during the New Imperialism period. The outcome, which was the General Act of the Berlin Conference, is also seen as the Scramble for Africa. The conference created a period of heightened colonial activity with the European powers and had basically eliminated almost all forms of self government in the countries of Africa. By 1914 France and Britain controlled the most land of all the European powers that were present in Africa. The Berlin Conference helped Britain and France to expand enormously in Africa. In 1914 the French had claimed over what is now broken into over fifteen different countries in Africa spanning all across the continent from Madagascar to Algeria. The French empire in Africa consisted of two main areas. These were French Equatorial Africa and French West Africa. The main two French territories stretched from Gabon to Chad, to Niger, to Senegal, to Corte d’Ivoire. The French first started to establish a presence as a main European power in Africa with the AOF, or the Afrique Occidentale Francaise, in 1895. AOF was a union of French Sudan, French Guinea, Corte d’Ivoire, and Senegal; which is the oldest French settlement in Africa, controlled by France since 1672. The AOF subsequently expanded to the neighboring territories ruled by France. Eventually the AOF covered an area of over one million, eight-hundred thousand...
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...The French love affair with London Will the British and the French ever understand each other? “Rosbifs” are well known as the discoverer of binge drinking, they are awful cook and hypocritical. On the other side of the Channel, the “Froggies” are uppity, unclean and always on strike. Both keep clichés going and issues of dispute are not lacking as the debate between Sarkozy and Cameron at one of the last European convention demonstrated. Jean Guiffan has supported in Histoire de l’anglophonie en France (2004) that almost 15% of the French people declared not to trust their neighbours across the Channel. On the other hand, they demonstrate respect for each other when they walked hand-in-hand through les Champs-Elysées to celebrate the centenary of the Entente Cordiale in 2004. Part of our common history would make us think that French and English people do not get along but the French community in London is one of the most extensive and well established around Great Britain. At first sight, some cultural differences may simply be too wide to bridge. It is not easy to ignore the ancient rivalry when the station of the Eurostar in London is called Waterloo. William the Conqueror, Jean of Arc, the Hundred Years’ War, the Napoleonic Wars, and the race for colonies: from the cradle, French and English people feed their hard feelings. For example, “Son of British” was a common insult in Middle Ages in France (Zeldin, 2002). Anglophobia was an heirloom handed down from generation...
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...the color of her skin. As she realizes the life she is living is not what she expected she begins to feel alienated and wants to return to Africa. Black Girl shows the effects of colonialism, racism, and post-colonial life in Africa and France. The movie exemplifies unequal colonial relations as it depicts the changing treatment that Diouana experiences once she moves with the French family from Dakar to France. Black Girl illustrates postcolonial life for a young African girl, who though she pursues ideals of freedom in France, ultimately finds that Africa still has economic dependency on France, there is racism, and do not have independence from France after post-colonialism. In the movie Black Girl, we see a time when African’s had little rights in France. In Senegal, African’s were fighting for their independence from France. Senegal was named after the Senegal River and covers around 76,000 square miles. In the 1850’s, the French expanded into Senegal, which was free from slavery. It wasn’t until after WWII that Africans began to have political authority. In 1945 French West Africa was allowed to participate in writing a New French Constitution. In 1958 another Constitution was written which changed the structure of the colonies from the French Union to the French Community. This basically made it so that African’s had more of a voice and they were able to slowly decolonize from France. (Bajorek). On June 20, 1960 they become fully...
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...1. Similarities between British colonialism and French colonialism: - They justify their colonization that they have responsibilities to civilize undeveloped countries. In reality, everybody knows that it is not their goal for colonization. - Their goals are for economic reasons. Their colonization is all about profit they get from their colonies. - Their ambition is also about land. France and Britain compete in who will win more lands in the world than the other. They try to possess as more lands as they can. This is obviously seen by their colonies spreading all over the world in Asia, Africa, and North America. 2. Differences between British colonialism and French colonialism: - The British colonialism runs their colonies by giving them a kind of self-government. The French colonialism, on the other hand, doesn’t run their colonies in that way. Most of the heads of French colonies are appointed by the French government. In Vietnam, they divided the country into three parts: the North, the Central, and the South. This policy tries to break the Vietnamese unity apart so that they can easily run the country. - The British colonialism tries to make their colonies more developed. They pour a lot of money into colonies to promote businesses, build infrastructure, and so on. Hong Kong is one of successful examples of the British colonialism. In contrast, the French colonialism is more brutal than the British colonialism. Their policy for colonization is to exploit their...
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...success of others. From disease to greed and all the other ups and downs that molded America today. Major differences between the British colonies and the French colonies where the greed and the way the two colonies performed actions that made them fruitful in all the endeavors they were making their goals. Take for intense when the British first came over their goals weren’t clearly set out and endorsed by companies that did not well equip the people they sent over very well, which made it so colonist were very unprepared and met catastrophe. The goals that the British companies had set where small colonies, based for trade and they wanted fur and other agricultural items. The British had little to no regard for the Indians land and saw it as property that could be bought and sold, The British also believed that the land was their God given right and it was their job to use the land. They did trade with the Indians but didn’t see the major uses for the local understanding. The French on the other had came over and set a major problem for the British. The French colonist actually befriended the Indians and actually used them against the British. They were much more prepared for hardship and clearly understood the need for the friendship of the local Indians and not just use them against the Indians, The French understood in order to establish a economic as well as a socially healthy colonies they would need the assistants of the locals whom actually new the...
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...cultural grandeur and one of the most important centers for global business in the world. When we speak of Paris, we immediately conjure romantic images of an era gone by. We think of the majesty it once held as the French aristocracy attempted to keep up with the likes of Britain, Spain, and even Portugal as they heading the colonization of the new world. Others may think instead of the allure the city once held for its prominent contributions to the world of the arts including drama, painting, literature, music, fashion, and even architecture and landscape. I however think that although Paris is indeed one of the most beautiful cities in the world, and perhaps even one of the great wonders of the worlds, by today’s standards it is a city that parallels the vast diversity exemplified in other major global cities like New York City, and Barcelona and unfortunately, as a practical observer of the global community, I do not see the magic that others see in Paris. Yes, I do agree that the Parisian way of life coupled with its political, intellectual, and cultural contributions to the global market has earned it regardless of the its flow of influence, the title of a major player in the world economy. It is therefore easy to recognize why for centuries, the French language has remained one of "The Official" international languages of diplomacy. Today, beyond its high culture, political, and economic place on the world stage, Paris is as many other great cities in the...
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...Discuss the British victories from 1758 to 1760 which gave victory to Great Britain over the French in North America. What impact did this victory have on the American colonies? Great Britain and the French had ceaselessly been fighting and the British were not looking so well. It was only until 1758 that the British began to make a turn around against the French, that not only led to many victories, but also led to friendly rivalries. Although the Colonials and the British fought together and obtained their goals, a new conflict evolved, thrusting a spire of scorn between the two prior allies. Led by William Pitt the British essentially gained the upper hand on the French when they cut off their supply from the mother country to Canada via British naval forces at sea. Because the French relied heavily on goods transported at sea, they were left crippled and in a defense only mode. With this strategic gain, Pitt set out to conquer all and take over french territory by overtaking Ticonderoga, Crown Point, Louisbourg, Fort Duquesne and Quebec. Aside from the failure by Abercromby at Ticonderoga that was later redeemed, the British objectives were a success and the French were devastated. The most devastating blow was the attack on Quebec and Montreal where the British aimed “to rip the heart out of Canada.” (Millet & Maslowski 1994). Britain was successful and took over Quebec although France made great efforts to retake it in failure. Later in 1763, the Peace of Paris...
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...a constant threat to Egypt, the Near East, and French North Africa and by controlling the northern shores of the Mediterranean denied the Mediterranean to Allied shipping. Only a few convoys seeking to supply British forces on the island of Malta ever ventured into the Mediterranean, and these frequently took heavy losses. Moving against French Africa posed for the Allies special problems rooted in the nature of the Armistice that had followed French defeat in 1940. Under the terms of that Armistice, the Germans had left the French empire nominally intact, along with much of the southern half of Metropolitan France; in return the French government was pledged to drop out of the war. Although an underground resistance movement had already begun in France and the Allies were equipping a “Free French” force, that part of the regular French Army and Navy left intact by the Armistice had sworn allegiance to the Vichy government. This pledge had led already to the anomaly of Frenchman fighting Frenchman and of the British incurring French enmity by destroying part of the fleet of their former ally. If bloodshed was to be averted in the Allied invasion, French sympathies had to be enlisted in advance, but to reveal the plan was to risk French rejection of it and German occupation of French Africa. Although clandestine negotiations were conducted with a few trusted French leaders, these produced no guarantee that the French in North Africa would...
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...Spanish, English and French Colonial Outline Thesis: Throughout the early period of colonization in America, the three chief colonial powerhouses Spain, England, and France, tackled the issues of royal authority, sources of profit and trading rituals, as well as religious practice and toleration in shockingly different ways with few similarities. Background: As each of these world superpowers arrived in the new world during the 1500s, they were all looking to expand their empire and gain wealth. The Spanish came first and took the most action early. The French and English soon began to experiment in the Americas as well, although the French would only grasp a small portion of valuable land during their campaigns. Political Paragraph: Spanish, French, and English colonial empires had some clear similar political strategies in that this land was theirs for the taking, yet these similarities were shattered by the many other differences in their political policies. ● Spanish and French colonies both totally subservient to the crown, English had some degree of autonomy through salutary neglect. ● Spanish were extremely aggressive towards Indians, English were peaceful when it was good for them, brutal when it wasn't, and the French traded with the Indians and hired them to gather beaver fur under good relations. ● The English colonies grew much faster than the French and Spanish due to loose immigration policies and dedicated colonies. ● English colonies were populated...
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...French & Indian War Essay Commencing in 1756 and concluding in 1763, the French & Indian War brought about a series of unfavorable financial, social, and exploratory complications to colonial North America. As taxation intensified and British-colonial tensions brewed due to a prolonged military presence and a general clashing of cultures, expansion west of the proclamation line of 1763 became a problematic activity for settlers, as British management over the land westward of the boundary produced a monopoly on the administration and purchase of terrain, ultimately generating yet another source of discontentment for American colonists. Pooled together, these frustrations would later fashion the groundwork for what would become the American Revolutionary War. The French & Indian War rattled the economic framework of Britain so severely that it became forced to alleviate the weight of its debt through taxation upon the colonies. The Crown began to implement harsher policies as well as enforce preexisting ones, so as to quench the costs of war and British military occupation within North America. Products such as potash, wine, and silk became commodities difficult to acquire, as the fee to import them skyrocketed to undesirable heights. The Revenue Act of 1764, dubbed by the colonists as “The Sugar Act”, was a British-led effort to crack down on trade regulations, seeing as how most colonial merchants neglected the procedures and prices on the transacting of products...
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