Chapter 3
Complete coding questions 14, 15, and 16 from chapter 3. Each question should be commented and created as a self-named function (fourteen, fifteen, and sixteen) in a file called chapter3.py.
14. Write a program that finds the average of a series of numbers entered by the user. As in the previous problem, the program will first ask the user how many numbers there are. Note: the average should always be a float, even if the user inputs are all ints.
15. Write a program that approximates the value of π by summing the terms of this series: 4/1 − 4/3 + 4/5 − 4/7 + 4/9 − 4/11 + . . . The program should prompt the user for n, the number of terms to sum, and then output the sum of the first n terms of this series. Have your program subtract the approximation from the value of math.pi to see how accurate it is.
16. A Fibonacci sequence is a sequence of numbers where each successive number is the sum of the previous two. The classic Fibonacci sequence begins: 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13,. . .. Write a program that computes the nth Fibonacci number where n is a value input by the user. For example, if n = 6, then the result is 8.

Chapter 4
Please complete the coding questions 4, 10, and 11 at the end of the chapter. Each question is implemented as its own function using its numbered name (ex question 4 to be called four()) and all three functions to be included in one file called chpt4.py.
4. Write a program that draws a winter scene with a Christmas tree and a snowman.

10. Triangle Information. Same as previous problem, but with 3 clicks for the vertices of a triangle.
9. Triangle Information. This program displays information about a triangle drawn by the user.
Input: 3 mouse clicks for the opposite corners of a triangle.
Output: Draw the rectangle. Print the perimeter and area of the triangle.

11. Five-click house.
You are to write a program that allows the user to draw a simple house using five mouse clicks. The first two clicks will be the opposite corners of the rectangular frame of the house. The third click will indicate the center of the top edge of a rectangular door. The door should have a total width that is 1/5 of the width of the house frame. The sides of the door should extend from the corners of the top down to the bottom of the frame. The fourth click will indicate the center of a square window. The window is half as wide as the door. The last click will indicate the peak of the roof. The edges of the roof will extend from the point at the peak to the corners of the top edge of the house frame.

Chapter 5
Complete all odd coding questions at the end of chapter 5. Be sure to answer each question as a single method named as the written number (ex. question 1 = def one():) and include all questions in one file named chpt5.py.
1. As discussed in the chapter, string formatting could be used to simplify the dateconvert2.py program. Go back and redo this program making use of the string-formatting method.
3. A certain CS professor gives 100-point exams that are graded on the scale 90–100:A, 80–89:B, 70–79:C, 60–69:D,

5. Numerologists claim to be able to determine a person’s character traits based on the “numeric value” of a name. The value of a name is determined by summing up the values of the letters of the name where ’a’ is 1, ’b’ is 2, ’c’ is 3 etc., up to ’z’ being 26. For example, the name “Zelle” would have the value 26+ 5+ 12+ 12+ 5 = 60 (which happens to be a very auspicious number, by the way). Write a program that calculates the numeric value of a single name provided as input.

7. A Caesar cipher is a simple substitution cipher based on the idea of shifting each letter of the plaintext message a fixed number (called the key) of positions in the alphabet. For example, if the key value is 2, the word “Sourpuss” would be encoded as “Uqwtrwuu.” The original message can be recovered by “reencoding” it using the negative of the key.
Write a program that can encode and decode Caesar ciphers. The input to the program will be a string of plaintext and the value of the key. The output will be an encoded message where each character in the original message is replaced by shifting it key characters in the Unicode character set. For example, if ch is a character in the string and key is the amount to shift, then the character that replaces ch can be calculated as: chr(ord(ch) + key).

9. Write a program that counts the number of words in a sentence entered by the user

11. Write an improved version of the Chaos program from Chapter 1 that allows a user to input two initial values and the number of iterations and then prints a nicely formatted table showing how the values change over time. For example, if the starting values were .25 and .26 with 10 iterations, the table might look like this:

13. Redo any of the previous programming problems to make them batch oriented (using text files for input and output).

15. Write a program to plot a horizontal bar chart of student exam scores. Your program should get input from a file. The first line of the file contains the count of the number of students in the file, and each subsequent line contains a student’s last name followed by a score in the range 0 to 100. Your program should draw a horizontal rectangle for each student where the length of the bar represents the student’s score. The bars should all line up on their lefthand edges. Hint: use the number of students to determine the size of the window and its coordinates. Bonus: label the bars at the left end with the student name.