...Figure 1: Agarose Gel Electrophoresis depicting the PCR product and genomic DNA of fruit flies This agarose gel image was used to visualized the DNA sequence that was isolated from the fruit flies. Agarose Gel Electrophoresis results from Section 3 Bench 5. EGFR was used as the primer RTK gene for this set and sequence. This is the PCR product. Lane 1, ladder; Lane 2, Genomic DNA and it contains the long streak of DNA; Lane 3, Uncut Plasmid; Lane 4, Linear Plasmid that was digested by EcoRI at 3kb; Lane 5, PCR 1; Lane 6, PCR 2 and these lanes (4-6) 9 show how the specific inserts were applied during PCR; Lane 7, Combined PCR that was purified during miniprep; Our target insert was shown in these lanes at 1 kb too. Lane 8, Ladder. This figure shows...
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...Introduction: The experiments of Beadle and Tatum proposed a hypothesis that stated that certain gene traits are related to particular enzymes that are missing. Investigation #19 allowed students to investigate and identify the chemical differences within species of fruit flies, in order, to understand the actions of their genes. The following materials were used to visually see the chemical differences in Drosophila melanogaster mutants: the eyes from the flies, paper chromatography, a good solvent for the paper chromatography to interact with and a UV light source. The seven species of flies used include: wild type, white, cinnabar, brown, cinnabar brown double mutant, sepia and white apricot. The phenotypes of these species varied from a red pigment, brown pigment and a white pigment. When a red pigment and brown pigment are crossed, the resulting color is brick red....
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...Wild Fruit Flies Bred With Scarlet Fruit Flies Introduction: Drosophila melanogaster is the scientific name for fruit flies. The flies are widely used today for genetics, physiology, and life history evolution. Since it is easy to care for, has 4 pairs of chromosomes, breeds quickly, and lays many eggs, the fruity fly is used for numerous studies. In this lab, fruit flies are to be examined to study heredity. With each new generation, probability, protein synthesis, and the principles of DNA, are all able to be seen within this experiment. For this lab, wild fruit flies will be bred with scarlet fruit flies. The trait to be examined in this lab is the eye color. Wild fruit fly's’ eye color (red) is a dominant trait. The scarlet fruit flies have scarlet eyes, and it is a recessive trait. Fruit flies are very small, but their eyes are complex. They have compound eyes. One eye contains hundreds of light-sensing units called ommatidia. Each ommatidia has a lens and a set of light-receptor...
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...F2 generation of red eyes fruit flies crossed with white eyed fruit flies? BACKGROUND INFORMATION: sexually dimorphic . Law of independent assortment Drosophila Melanogaster, the fruit fly completes its life cycle in 10-12 days, makes a large number of offspring, and it has many types of hereditary variations that can be seen with low power microscopes. Drosophila has four pairs of chromosomes, a relatively small number which are easily located in the large salivary glands. Many factors combine to affect the length of the Drosophila life cycle. Temperature affects the life cycle the most. At room temperature the average life cycle of the Drosophila is about 12 days. HYPOTHESIS: That in a sex-lined cross between...
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...Name: Date: March 16, 2014 Instructor’s Name: Professor Tyra Hall – Pogar Assignment: SCIE207 Phase 5 Lab Report Title: Taxonomy Lab to Show Organism Relationships Instructions: You will need to fill out the data table and answer a set of questions. When your lab report is complete, post it in Submitted Assignment files. Part 1: Using the lab animation, fill in the following data tables to help you answer the questions that follow: Table 1: Samples 1–5 Phylum/Division | Sample 1: Chrysophyta | Sample 2: Annelida | Sample 3: Arthropoda | Sample 4: Amphibia | Sample 5: Aves | Common Feature | Unicellular, primary producers| Segmented body | External skeleton and segmented body | Can obtain oxygen from aquatic and terrestrial biomes | Able to fly; covered with feathers | NutritionHow does the organism break down and absorb food? | Autotrophic | Heterotrophic: Earthworms eat their way through dirt, so they are detritivores. | Heterotrophic: Some are vegetarian, some are carnivorous, and some are decomposers. | Heterotrophic: These are usually vegetarian as tadpoles and carnivores as adults. | Heterotrophic | Circulatory System (Transport)How does the organism get what it needs to cells (open, closed, diffusion only)? | Diffusion only | Closed with 5 aortic arches (hearts) | Open circulatory system with a heart pumping hemolymph | Closed with 3-chambered heart | Closed with 4-chambered heart | Respiratory SystemHow does the organism get oxygen...
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...Good Things to Know about Worm Castings This is an overview of benefits known about worm castings. The overview is generated from information disseminated by such major Universities as Ohio State, Cornell University and UC Davis. This information also comes from other institutions and companies such as the California Vermiculture, LLC and the Australia SIRO. Their research goal was to establish the value of worm castings. Their test results have shown improved flower size, bloom quantity, quality, and color. Fruit and vegetable tests results have shown yield improvements from 15% to 57% as well as improvements in taste and appearance. The information you need to know and consider is presented below in a list format, which we believe is easier and quicker to reference and grasp. Some of the discoveries made will surprise you. Most people will be amazed by the following information if they have no prior exposure to the absolute beauty and completeness of the worm casting. Basic points to start: Worm Castings are the worm feces. The castings are made up of live biological organisms. The organisms include fungi, actinomycetes , beneficial bacteria, pseudomonads , plant growth regulators, yeasts, molds, trace elements and the famous N-P-K ratings used by fertilizers, to reference the Nitrogen, Phosphorus and K (which is the chemical symbol for Potassium) quantities promoted by the fertilizer industry (more on this below). Worm Castings are harmless to plants (in any dosage)...
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...Edexcel GCE Biology Advanced Unit 5: Energy, Exercise and Coordination June 2010 Scientific Article for use with Question 7 Do not return the Insert with the question paper. Paper Reference 6BI05/01 Turn over N37096A ©2010 Edexcel Limited. 1/1/1/1/1/ *N37096A* Scientific Article for use with Question 7 It’s All in the Mind The link between the brain as a physical organ and what we feel in our conscious mind has long been the subject of research, particularly where we appear to be unable to control aspects of mood or behaviour and where normal life is affected. Stress, pain and depression can be explained in terms of nerve impulses and brain chemistry, and the causes of Parkinson’s disease are well understood, but finding reliable ways of correcting problems has proved elusive. Understanding more about how the brain works may well lead to new methods for treating such problems. Dancing Worms and Deep Depression In a laboratory in Germany, a tiny worm dances to flashes of light. A flash of yellow and it darts forward. A flash of blue and it jerks back. Yellow, forward, blue, back – right on cue every time. The worm is not a toy or a robot but a living creature. It has been engineered so that its nerves and muscles can be controlled with light. With each flash of blue its neurons fire electric pulses, causing the muscles they control to clench. A flash of yellow stops the nerves firing, relaxing the worm’s muscles and lengthening its body once again. The worm is in the vanguard...
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...Edexcel GCE Biology Advanced Unit 5: Energy, Exercise and Coordination June 2010 Scientific Article for use with Question 7 Do not return the Insert with the question paper. Paper Reference 6BI05/01 Turn over N37096A ©2010 Edexcel Limited. 1/1/1/1/1/ *N37096A* Scientific Article for use with Question 7 It’s All in the Mind The link between the brain as a physical organ and what we feel in our conscious mind has long been the subject of research, particularly where we appear to be unable to control aspects of mood or behaviour and where normal life is affected. Stress, pain and depression can be explained in terms of nerve impulses and brain chemistry, and the causes of Parkinson’s disease are well understood, but finding reliable ways of correcting problems has proved elusive. Understanding more about how the brain works may well lead to new methods for treating such problems. Dancing Worms and Deep Depression In a laboratory in Germany, a tiny worm dances to flashes of light. A flash of yellow and it darts forward. A flash of blue and it jerks back. Yellow, forward, blue, back – right on cue every time. The worm is not a toy or a robot but a living creature. It has been engineered so that its nerves and muscles can be controlled with light. With each flash of blue its neurons fire electric pulses, causing the muscles they control to clench. A flash of yellow stops the nerves firing, relaxing the worm’s muscles and lengthening its body once again. The worm is...
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...Eyeless mutation gene located within the second intron of Drosophila melanogaster Justin Lazarus Genetic 300 Abstract The following experiment was conduct over a several week time span to determine and identify the mutation that is causing the eyeless mutation within the Drosophila melanogaster fruit flies. The experiment included genome sequencing and comparison between the Drosophila melanogaster wild type and the Drosophila melanogaster eyeless type. After combining the two different phenotypes. We determined that we were unable to visualize the mutation at a chromosomal level, as both wild-type and eyeless flies looked similar. The experiment involved electrophoresis and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) through which we were able to isolate and amplify the needed DNA eyeless DNA. The difference between the wild-type Drosophila melanogaster and the eyeless Drosophila melanogaster is approximately only 500-nucleotide base pairs. As we see the eyeless phenotype is approximately 3000 base pairs in length while the wild-type phenotype is approximately 2500 nucleotides base pairs in length, a difference of about 500 base pairs. After completing nucleotide sequencing and comparing our data on the blast website, we determined that the eyeless mutation has being interest exons two and three, but more specifically the mutation itself was located within the second intron at base pairs 8264 to 9212. Introduction In the early 20th century scientists had already been acquainted with...
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...Joel Schwartz Final Paper - Draft 7/16/12 Professor Hoge English 1020 Animal Rights Activism: A Domestic Terror Threat Throughout the past two decades, extreme animal rights groups have claimed responsibility for hundreds of crimes and acts of terrorism, including arson, bombings, vandalism, burglary, animal release, and harassment. These crimes have caused damage costing more than one hundred million dollars. While some activists have been captured, animal rights terrorism cells, are extremely difficult to identify and most of the attacks remain unsolved. Although it has been overshadowed by Islamic terrorist threats since September 11, animal rights terrorism still remains one of the United State’s most active terrorist movements. This paper intends to explore the Animal Rights terrorist movement and prove that Animal Rights activists pose a significant domestic terror threat. An increasing number of terrorist activity in the United States has been carried out in the name of animal protection. Although no one has been killed in an attack, the increasingly violent nature of attacks suggests that someone will be proclaimed dead before long. Beginning in the 1970s, hundreds of groups in the United States have advocated for much stricter legal protection for animals. Change has been slow but incremental. Some activists have become frustrated by the pace of legislation, and have become violent. This violence has created an underground terrorist movement...
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...The News Corporation, Smile Train, Delta Airlines and Gucci are all examples of a. bureaucracies. b. corporations. c. organizations. d. managerial hierarchies. e. centralized units of operation. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: p. 4 OBJ: 1.1 NAT: AACSB: R MSC: Type: App 2. Which of the following is an example of an organization? a. The Department of Education b. Princeton University track team c. Starbucks d. Swoopo, online auction site e. All of these choices ANS: E PTS: 1 REF: p. 4 OBJ: 1.1 NAT: AACSB: R MSC: Type: App 3. Amy, Frank, Puz, and Tiaro started a Bible study group. They are engaged in a. starting a corporation. b. starting an organization. c. creating a managerial hierarchy. d. creating a bureaucracy. e. creating an organizational matrix. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: p. 4 OBJ: 1.1 NAT: AACSB: R MSC: Type: App 4. Ken and Jan Robelot have started an organization to sell Kenny's Cajun Popcorn, a peppery-flavored popcorn. The startup process for this organization included a. deciding on a product to make. b. identifying potential competitors for the flavored popcorn. c. finding an initial location in which to house the organization. d. making financial arrangements to order supplies. e. All of these choices ANS: E PTS: 1 REF: p. 4 OBJ: 1.1 NAT: AACSB: R MSC: Type: App 5. Which of the following is NOT an example of a physical resource needed to operate the company that produces Kenny's Cajun Popcorn, a "low-calorie snack with a high-voltage...
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...Strength. Performance. Passion. Sustainable Development Report 2007 Company Profile ACC – India’s first name in cement ACC Limited, or ACC as it is popularly known, is India’s foremost manufacturer of cement. Formerly called The Associated Cement Companies Limited, ACC’s corporate office is located in Mumbai. Its operations are spread throughout the country with 14 modern cement factories having a total installed capacity of 22.4 million tones of cement per annum, a string of 20 sales offices and a countrywide distribution network of over 9,000 dealers. It has a workforce of more than 10,000 persons. A subsidiary company, ACC Concrete Limited, is a leading manufacturer of ready mix concrete that has 30 plants across the country. Established in 1936 as a merger of ten cement companies, ACC is today closely associated with the Holcim Group of Switzerland. Since inception, the company has been a pioneer and trendsetter in cement and concrete, with a unique track record of innovative research and product development. It is an important benchmark for the cement industry in respect of its production, marketing human resource management and other processes. ACC has achieved spectacular results in the utilization of two industrial wastes – namely slag from steel plants and fly ash from thermal power stations – to make blended cements that offer unique advantages to concrete. Today ACC offers total solutions for waste management including testing, suggestions for reuse, recycling...
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...Agricultural Development Corporation Category Activity Description Agro-Industry/Agriculture Performance Testing- Performance Testing is the principal method used to Beef cattle identify high ranking individuals within a breed through the identification of such individuals within a herd. This systematic method will enable an increase in the rate of genetic improvement in the traits being measured. Newly weaned (average 8-10 months) bull calves are placed in a 140-day trial and given equal opportunity to perform through a uniform feeding and management regime. Record of economically important traits, adjusted 210 day weight, average daily gain adjusted 400 day weight and weight per day of age on all animals are systematically maintained. These records when statistically analyzed are used as the objective measures (indices) in selecting replacements and eliminating poor producers. 48 Caribbean Agricultural Research and Development Institute Category Activity Description Agro-Industry/Agriculture Animal Production and Sam Motta's Goats and Sheep Demonstration and Marketing Systems Training Centre Animal Production and Hounslow Goats and Sheep Demonstration and Training Marketing Systems Centre Animal Production and Small Ruminant Production and Marketing Systems Marketing Systems Development Crop Production and Marketing Systems Livestock Feeds and Feeding systems Enhanced Hot Pepper Production Feeding Systems development for ruminants Education/Research PROCICARIBE...
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...ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY- 2013 Draft v4 7-3-12 1. DESCRIPTION: Understand the anatomy and physiology of the nervous, excretory and digestive system. A TEAM OF UP TO: 2 APPROXIMATE TIME: 50 Minutes 2. EVENT PARAMETERS: Each team may bring only one 8.5" x II" two-sided page of notes that contain information in any form from any source and up to 2 non-programmable, non-graphing calculators. 3. THE COMPETITION: Students should know the basic anatomy and physiology of the nervous, excretory and digestive systems and how aging and specific diseases affect them. Process skills expected may include data collection, making observations, inferences, predictions, calculations, analyses and conclusions. The test may include various formats (e. g., timed stations, written test, PowerPoint slides, anatomical specimens, etc.) for the following topics: a. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM - All levels should know: 1. Functions ofthe digestive system 11. Basic anatomy of the component parts of the alimentary canal and accessory organs of digestion iii. Anatomy of the four layers ofthe wall of the alimentary canal IV. Comparison of the lining of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine and large intestine v. Compare and contrast mechanical and chemical digestion vi. Physiology of chemical digestion of proteins, fats and carbohydrates vii. The effects of exercise on the digestive system viii. The diseases on each level from the cell to the whole person as listed: stomach & duodenal ulcers, cancers of the digestive...
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...Section A: Basic Microbiology 1 SCOPE AND HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS IN MICROBIOLOGY “Science contributes to our culture in many ways, as a creative intellectual activity in its own right, as a light which has served to illuminate man’s place in the uni-verse, and as the source of understanding of man’s own nature” —John F. Kennedy (1917–63) The President of America The bacterium Escherichia coli INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE MICROBIOLOGY is a specialized area of biology (Gr. bios-life+ logos-to study) that concerns with the study of microbes ordinarily too small to be seen without magnification. Microorganisms are microscopic (Gr. mikros-small+ scopein-to see) and independently living cells that, like humans, live in communities. Microorganisms include a large and diverse group of microscopic organisms that exist as single cell or cell clusters (e.g., bacteria, archaea, fungi, algae, protozoa and helminths) and the viruses, which are microscopic but not cellular. While bacteria and archaea are classed as prokaryotes (Gr. pro-before+ karyon-nucleus) the fungi, algae, protozoa and helminths are eukaryotes (Gr. eu-true or good+ karyon-nucleus). Microorganisms are present everywhere on earth, which includes humans, animals, plants and other living creatures, soil,water and atmosphere. Microorganisms are relevant to all of our lives in a multitude of ways. Sometimes, the influence of microorganisms on human life is beneficial, whereas at other times, it is detrimental. For example...
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