...The Reform and Opening up Policy As we know, China turned to the worst of the recession in 1970s after 10 years’ turmoil. At that time, industry and agriculture were stagnating, economy framework was serious imbalance, both urban and rural residents were poor. If China still did not change new policies, we would not have chances to recover economy. In this case, a leader whose name is Deng-Xiaoping launched a new policy called Reform and Opening up Policy in 1978. In his opinion, this policy can help other countries have more understanding of China, because it is the premise of modernization. After World War II, the theme of time changed from revolution and war to peace and development. The reason is developing globalization. In this process, different countries turned to all in one. From the perspective of developed countries, they need to find a way out of their investment, capital, and market. If they did not solve this problem, their development would be limited. From the perspective of developing countries, if those countries continued close and did not developing market economy, they would indefinitely poor, the gap between them and developed countries would widened. Reform and Opening up Policy, is designed by Deng Xiaoping at the end of 1978, is a policy containing several aspects of reforms as well as measures to open up to other countries in the world. It was first put forward on the Third Plenary Session of the CPC 11th in 1978, aimed to primarily at the revival...
Words: 2025 - Pages: 9
...CONTENTS I. Introduction 3 Company background 3 History 3 Position 4 Vision 5 Mission 5 Goal 5 Management 5 II. Strategic Analysis 5 2.1 External analysis 5 2.1.1 PESTE 5 Political analysis 5 Economic analysis 7 Socio-cultural analysis 9 Technological analysis 10 Ecological analysis 12 2.1.2 5-force 2.2 Internal analysis 17 Value chain 17 2.3 SWOT 21 2.4 Options 24 2.5 Vietnam Airlines's doing 25 III. Recommendation 28 IV. Conclusion 30 V. Reference 30 Group members: * * 1. Đào Thị Mỹ Hạnh BABAIU13076 2. Park Do Hyun BABAUN13080 * 3. Nguyễn Thị Hoài BABAIU13090 * 4. Nguyễn Lê Phương Khanh BABAIU13107 * 5. Đỗ Thị Thanh Hoa BABAIU13089 I. Introduction. Nowadays, airlines industry is one of profitable businesses in the world. Both government and private enterprise are dominant in the industry. In Vietnam, aviation market is forecasted to be the world's 7th fastest-growing in 2013-2017 period. The Vietnam airlines industry stands a high chance of developing strongly, but there must be an investment in technology, infrastructure in order to reduce the cost as well. And Vietnam Airlines is a largest aviation brand name in Vietnam which has been wholly owned by government. In this report, we make some analyses to appreciate Vietnam Airlines exactly and realize suitable and unsuitable aspects. Company background Vietnamese...
Words: 9322 - Pages: 38
...Indian Aviation Industry Name: .................. Guide: Prof. ......... Roll Number: ..... Session: .............. Dept.: B.Com PREFACE This training manual introduces Aviation Industry.The module is meant to give all its users a firm grounding on Aviation Industry. The manual starts with the key concepts of basic Information of Aviation Industry.A major portion of this material revolves around goals & objectives of Aviation Industry. The next part of this manual covers Air facts. Final part of this book deals with benefits of Aviation Industry. The material also offers in-depth coverage of the issues related to uniqueness of aviation industry. It contains related examples and real life scenarios. Target Audience * Enrolment Operators * Enrolment Agency Supervisors * Registrar’s Supervisors * Introducers * Technical Support Staff Dependent or Related Modules To read this manual, no prior knowledge about Aviation is required. This is the first Module of the training program on Aviation and is common for all participants. All the following modules presumes that this module has been completed by the participant. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT At the successful completion of this project, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all the people without whose support this project would not be completed. At the onset, I would like to thank my institute “St. Xavier’s College, Kolkata, the Principal Rev. Fr. Dr. J. Felix Raj S. J. and...
Words: 12613 - Pages: 51
...2nd chapter- Historical and Modern perspective of the Indian cement industry and it’s Evolution in the Modern era:- Introduction: Cement is an important Raw material in the construction industry. The industry is nearing 100 years of its existence in India, having started the first manufacturing Unit in 1914. It has evolved over the years in capacity, manufacturing scale, technology, environment protection, sustainability and in logistics. The industry has many opportunities to explore and many challenges to meet and overcome. Many changes, innovations are taking place in Manufacturing, Marketing, Logistics, location of units, industry structure, Process and Practices. The Historical perspective shows that given the right economic environment and the support, the cement Industry can attract good investment and capacity additions. The industry has learnt to deal with many environmental and sustainable issues and emerged as a responsible and mature Industry. The cement Industry has a great potential as the Indian per capita consumption (130 Kg) which is low and is set to increase over the many years and thereby the demand for this product will always be strong. The government and the private sector supported by the economic liberalization have rolled out enormous investments in infrastructure development and commercial/ industrial development. The increasing purchasing power of the vast middle class / double incomes of the nuclear families supported...
Words: 11480 - Pages: 46
...How China rises What lessons can be drawn from China's spectacular and sustained economic growth? As Hu Jintau remarked at the 17th Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, the period since the previous Congress five years ago has been extraordinary. China's economic achievements have been arousing not only astonishment and admiration but also some anxiety. In the past twelve months alone, The People's Republic of China (PRC) has overtaken Canada as the biggest source of imports to the USA, and overtaken the USA as the biggest source of imports to the European Union. Concern about the low level of investment in Africa has been displaced by concern about the effects of the high level of Chinese investment in Africa; there is now even anxiety about the effects of investment by Chinese state-owned firms into the Western economies. The Chinese Communist Party is also expressing concerns. The themes of its 2007 Congress included protection of the environment and the achievement of social harmony. According to some estimates, China has displaced the USA as the world's biggest source of greenhouse gases. Inequality is rising as fast as pollution: China now has over 800 individuals with a personal wealth of more than a hundred million US dollars each, up from 500 in 2006; while the average income in rural areas of China is 480 dollars per year. Made in China. Hu Jintau's remark on the extraordinary nature of the most recent years can be faulted in only one sense: China has...
Words: 51278 - Pages: 206
...State of the Economy and Prospects CHAPTER 1 While India's recent slowdown is partly rooted in external causes, domestic causes are also important. The strong post-financial-crisis stimulus led to stronger growth in 2009-10 and 2010-11. However, the boost to consumption, coupled with supplyside constraints, led to higher inflation. Monetary policy was tightened, even as external headwinds to growth increased. The consequent slowdown, especially in 2012-13, has been across the board, with no sector of the economy unaffected. Falling savings without a commensurate fall in aggregate investment have led to a widening current account deficit (CAD). Wholesale price index (WPI) inflation has been coming down in recent months. However, food inflation, after a brief slowdown, continues to be higher than overall inflation. Given the higher weightage to food in consumer price indices (CPI), CPI inflation has remained close to double digits. Another consequence of the slowdown has been lower-than-targeted tax and non-tax revenues. With the subsidies bill, particularly that of petroleum products, increasing, the danger that fiscal targets would be breached substantially became very real in the current year. The situation warranted urgent steps to reduce government spending so as to contain inflation. Also required were steps to facilitate corporate and infrastructure investment so as to ease supply. Several measures announced in recent months are aimed at restoring the fiscal health...
Words: 15695 - Pages: 63
...European Union Nigerian Energy Support Programme (NESP) The Nigerian Energy Sector An Overview with a Special Emphasis on Renewable Energy, Energy Efficiency and Rural Electrification 2nd Edition, June 2015 Implemented by 2 Acknowledgements This report on the Nigerian energy sector was compiled as part of the Nigerian Energy Support Programme (NESP). NESP is implemented by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) GmbH and funded by the European Union and the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ). The authors would like to thank the GIZ Nigeria team for having entrusted this highly relevant subject to GOPA- International Energy Consultants GmbH, and for their extensive and dedicated inputs and guidance provided during implementation. The authors express their gratitude to all project partners who provided particularly valuable and interesting insights into ongoing activities during the course of the project. It was a real pleasure and a great help to exchange ideas and learn from highly experienced management and staff and committed representatives of this programme. How to Read Citations Bibliography is cited by [Author; Year]. Where no author could be identified, we used the name of the institution. The Bibliography is listed in Chapter 10. Websites (internet links) are cited with a consecutive numbering system [1], [2], etc. The Websites are listed in Chapter 11. 3 Imprint Published by: Deutsche Gesellschaft...
Words: 64608 - Pages: 259
...BCCA’S INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES Nesbit Road, MAZAGAON, MUMBAI – 10 V SEMESTER :______________________________________ NAME OF STUDENT : CLASS : T.Y.B.M.S DIV : 000 SUBJECT : 0000000000 TOPIC : RISE & FALL IN THE AVIATION INDUSTRY NAME OF PROFESSOR : 000000000 ____________________________ _____________________________ SIGNATURE OF STUDENT SIGNATURE OF PROFFESSOR ________________________ _______________________ MAX. MARKS OBT. MARKS ABSTRACT OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO...
Words: 13630 - Pages: 55
...2008–2011 Number: CC-2012-029 Date Issued: September 24, 2012 Memorandum U.S. Department of Transportation Office of the Secretary of Transportation Office of Inspector General Subject: INFORMATION: Aviation Industry Performance: A Review of the Aviation Industry, 2008–2011 Controlled Correspondence No. 2012-029 Calvin L. Scovel III Inspector General The Secretary Acting Federal Aviation Administrator Assistant Secretary for Aviation and International Affairs Date: September 24, 2012 From: To: Since its inception, the aviation industry has undergone significant transformations as a result of technological developments, economic pressures, and other factors. Most recently, economic recession and recurrent high fuel costs have challenged U.S. airlines, which have taken a number of actions to lower costs and increase revenue—including capacity reductions, fare increases, baggage fees, and mergers. Beginning in 2002, the Office of Inspector General has issued periodic reports regarding the performance of the aviation industry. This report, the 11th in the series, focuses primarily on industry performance during the 2008–2011 period and summarizes long-term trends since 2000. This report also highlights issues related to changes in airlines’ business environment, the industry’s reactions to those changes, and the impact of these actions on the traveling public. Finally, this report includes exhibits with more than 40 statistical charts (or metrics) organized...
Words: 17702 - Pages: 71
...deteriorating world economy which was considered the most challenging global economic conditions since the Great Depression. In 2009, the global economy contracted for the first time in the post-war era. In contrast, Australia grew by almost 1.5 per cent supported by monetary and fiscal policy stimulus, a well-functioning banking system, and strong growth in a number of East Asian economies. The third Rudd Government Budget, presented on 11 May 2010, was developed within an improving but still uncertain outlook, with events in Greece and other European Union countries reminding us of the risks to the global economic recovery. Strong economic growth in China and India is expected to continue to flow throughout the region and, despite a slower pace, the US is leading the recovery among our advanced economy major trading partners. Global economic growth is in the early stages of recovery but we should remain cognisant of the precarious economic environment which is continuing to challenge government policy makers around the globe. Once again the Parliamentary Library has produced the annual Budget Review that examines the key features of a selection of crucial measures contained in the Budget to assist parliamentarians in their consideration of these issues. The first article, Budget 2010–11: Key Features, provides a macroeconomic analysis and commentary of the Budget, including the assumptions underpinning the Government’s fiscal policy and the main spending and taxing features...
Words: 85921 - Pages: 344
...EDITOR'S INTRODUCTION Two big events will frame the year ahead: America’s presidential election and the summer Olympic games in Beijing. The race for the White House will be a marathon, from the front-loaded primary season in January and February to the general election in November. The betting is that the winner will be a Democrat—with a strong chance that a Clinton will again be set to succeed a Bush as leader of the free world. China, meanwhile, will hope to use the Olympics to show the world what a splendid giant it has become. It will win the most gold medals, and bask in national pride and the global limelight. But it will also face awkward questions on its repressive politics. America and China will be prime players in the matters that will concentrate minds around the world in 2008. One of these is the world economy, which can no longer depend on America, with its housing and credit woes, to drive growth. America should—just—avoid recession, but it will be China (for the first time the biggest contributor to global growth) along with India and other emerging markets that will shine. Another focus of attention will be climate change. As China replaces America as the world’s biggest producer of greenhouse gases, serious efforts on global warming depend on the serious involvement of those two countries. If 2007 was the year when this rose to the top of the global agenda, in 2008 people will expect action. It is striking that green is a theme that links all the contributions...
Words: 89030 - Pages: 357
...pART 1 NEW ECONOMIC MODEL FOR MALAYSIA NEW ECONOMIC MODEL FOR MALAYSIA pART 1 High Income Rakyat Quality of Life Inclusiveness Sustainability NEAC National Economic Advisory Council Level 5 & 11, Menara Usahawan Persiaran Perdana, Precinct 2 Federal Government Administrative Centre 62652 PUTRAJAYA MALAYSIA NATIONAL ECONOMIC ADVISORY COUNCIL NEAC www.neac.gov.my NEAC NATIONAL ECONOMIC ADVISORY COUNCIL CHAPTRE NEW ECONOMIC MODEL F O R M A L AY S I A 1 Part I: Strategic Policy Directions Copyrights Reserved All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording and/or otherwise without the prior permission of: Secretary National Economic Advisory Council Level 5 & 11, Menara Usahawan Persiaran Perdana, Precinct 2 Federal Government Administrative Centre 62652 PUTRAJAYA Tel.: 03-8888 6512/ 8888 6513 Fax: 03-8888 4638/ 8888 4177 Email: secretariat.neac@pmo.gov.my www.neac.gov.my Sales copies are obtainable from: Percetakan Nasional Malaysia Berhad Jalan Chan Sow Lin 50554 Kuala Lumpur Tel.: 03-9236 6888 Fax: 03-9222 4773 Email: cservice@printnasional.com.my __________________________________ Cover design and layout by Percetakan Nasional Malaysia Berhad Preface This report is the first of two documents by the National Economic Advisory Council (NEAC) on the New Economic Model (NEM). This report presents...
Words: 52560 - Pages: 211
...Cemex: High Tech Cement Report title page +names of team members To be done Executive Summary To be done Question A. Based on case data outline the strategy followed by Cemex to achieve its position of prominence in the cement industry. What factors and resources equipped the company to grow so successfully over the period described in the case? Also, compare Cemex with Cisco. Where are they similar and where do they differ? Cemex utilized four key strategies to achieve a position of prominence in the cement industry. First, Cemex innovated state of the art technology to outperform competitors. Cemex leaders challenged the operations groups to develop more efficient ways ways to produce concrete and bought technology through acquisitions. A telecommunications network between 11 plants was established as early as 1988. The IT consulting group, Cemtec, was spun off which utilized online surveys to manage customer relations. Second, Cemex converted the commodity business into a specialty business by helping their end users improve profitability. E.g. in Mexico City, by guaranteeing delivery times of 20 minutes or less, the contractors maximize the cost effectiveness of the crews working on the site. Third, Cemex bought out competition in markets they wanted to expand influence. In some geographies, such as Mexico, Cemex owned >70% market share through acquisitions. Lastly, Cemex embraced risk management as one of its core competencies...
Words: 8591 - Pages: 35
...Entrepreneurship and Poverty Alleviation: An Empirical Study Nawal Meraj Syeda Ayesha Sadruddin Rahat Shams Business Ethics Dr. Muhammad Asim 11th May, 2015 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We would also like to thank our colleagues from New York University, Abu Dhabi, who provided insight and expertise that greatly assisted the research, although they may not agree with all of the interpretations/conclusions of this paper. We would also like to show our highest gratitude to the Dr. Muhammad Asim for sharing his pearls of wisdom with us during the course of this research and guiding us throughout the course work. Table of Contents ABSTRACT 2 Keywords Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.0 INTRODUCION 2 2.0 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKAND BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 2 2.1 Concept of Poverty 2 2.2 Concept of Entrepreneurship 2 2.3 GDP Growth and Poverty Reduction 2 2.4 Strategies for Reducing Poverty through Entrepreneurship 2 2.5 Relieving Poverty through Entrepreneurship Education 2 3.0 METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY 2 4.0 EMPIRICAL REVIEWS ON ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND POVERTY ALLEVIATION 2 5.0 CONCLUSION 2 6.0 FUTURE RESEARCH 2 REFERENCES 2 ABSTRACT Entrepreneurship is a real wellspring of riches and employment creation, financial and mechanical development and an indication of social change. Entrepreneurs have intermittently acquired a place in the discussions of drivers of economic development. Over the world, countries that made entrepreneurship...
Words: 4714 - Pages: 19
...The split of Insurance Products and Services in the Market Place E-1600 Economics of Business Professor R. Wayland Authors Steven Washburn Glenn Tam Derio Chan Anupam Raman Robert Rothschild Varun Malhotra Tiffany Hart December 9, 2014 Hypothesis On several levels, the Internet and related advances in technology have significantly affected financial services broadly, and insurance markets more specifically. When combined with globalization and regulatory reform, these advances have forced the insurance industry to become more competitive. We will discuss here specifically the split or disruption in the insurance business with a focus on the auto insurance product and less complex personal insurance products. These two products are on a trajectory to become fully commoditized with little or no agency interaction within 30 years. To the extent that the Internet reduces transaction costs, it also creates opportunities for new intermediaries as well as existing ones. It also has a natural influence on product design. For example - in some cases it is economically attractive to unbundle and repackage various forms of coverage. We will discuss this further in reference to driverless cars and bundling the insurance with the product later in the paper. This paper is organized in the following manner. First, we will briefly look at internet trends as the introduction. Next we will summarize the traditional insurance business, and the reduction of transaction...
Words: 3741 - Pages: 15
