...were to observe thirty minutes of significant and instructional physical education and/or sport activity for youth. I again visited my daughters’ elementary school Pomerado Elementary to observe one of their physical education classes. I had the opportunity of watching two classes, one fourth and one fifth grade, play kickball for their thirty minute physical education activity for the day. The fourth grade class consisted of 34 students while the fifth grade class had thirty one in attendance. Each class had their homeroom teachers present along with a physical education only teacher leading the activity. Each class was split into two teams which utilized a large grass field...
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...BIOMECHANICS The term biomechanics means the study of the structure and function of biological systems using the methods of mechanics. Biomechanics studies the process of kinematics and used in the study of sports actions, such as the motion of throwing a baseball. Why do some golfers slice the ball? How can workers avoid developing low back pain? What cues can a physical education teacher provide to help students learn the underhand volleyball serve? Why do some elderly individuals tend to fall? We have all admired the fluid, graceful movements of highly skilled performers in various sports. We have also observed the awkward first steps of a young child, the slow progress of an injured person with a walking cast, and the hesitant, uneven gait of an elderly person using a cane. Virtually every activity class includes a student who seems to acquire new skills with utmost ease and a student who trips when executing a jump or misses the ball when attempting to catch, strike, or serve. What enables some individuals to execute complex movements so easily, while others appear to have difficulty with relatively simple movement skills? Although the answers to these questions may be rooted in physiological, psychological, or sociological issues, the problems identified are all biomechanical in nature. This book will provide a foundation for identifying, analyzing, and solving problems related to the biomechanics of human movement. Definition of Biomechanics The term biomechanics combines...
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...at school and in her home. Sara loves to go to school, but has trouble with the transitions throughout her day. Her parents have seen this in the home as well. Sara’s parents report that she will throw scream, cry, bite, kick climb on furniture and swipe items onto the floor Sara also will throw self onto the floor. This behavior occurs daily. It has also been witnessed by the parents the Sara become angry when she is asked to move to the next activity or tasks. The episodes will last from anywhere from 2 minute up to one hour. The staff at school did a recording of the episodes. The durations of the behavior and what prompted this behavior to happen. Sara parents want this behavior to stop, so they will start a plan at home as well. They feel that the behaviors are in the way of Sara ability to learn. At this time no major issues in the family or otherwise, no medications or treatments. In the past Sara had ear tubes put in for fluid buildup. II. Operational Definition of the Target Behavior Biting, screaming, crying, biting, kicking, climbing on furniture, swiping items on the floor and throwing herself...
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...Children’s Functional Health Pattern Assessment Functional Health Pattern Assessment (FHP) | Toddler Erickson’s Developmental Stage: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt (Ball & Bindler,2003). | Preschool-Aged Erickson’s Developmental Stage: Initiative vs. Guilt (Ball & Bindler,2003). | School-Aged Erickson’s Developmental Stage: Industry vs. Inferiority (Ball & Bindler,2003). | Pattern of Health Perception and Health Management: List two normal assessment findings that would be characteristic for each age group. List two potential problems that a nurse may discover in an assessment of each age group. | The toddler’s sense of autonomy or independence is shown by controlling body excretions, saying no when asked to do something, and directing motor activity. Children who are consistently criticized for expressions of autonomy of for lack of control-for example, during toilet training-will develop a sense of shame about themselves and doubt in their abilities (Ball & Bindler,2003). When a toddler dosent feels well they are able to say they are sick. Health management is dependent on the caregiver. Brushing teeth and washing hands are basic health promotional activities that a toddler can perform at the direction of a parent. Toddlers are poor historians of health screenings. Few toddler teeth are present at this stage. Proper care is needed to avoid dental carries. At risk for poor health maintenance if parents lack...
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...Children’s Functional Health Pattern Assessment Functional Health Pattern Assessment (FHP) | Toddler Erickson’s Developmental Stage: Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt | Preschool-Aged Erickson’s Developmental Stage: Initiative vs. Guilt | School-Aged Erickson’s Developmental Stage: Industry vs. Inferiority | Pattern of Health Perception and Health Management: List two normal assessment findings that would be characteristic for each age group. List two potential problems that a nurse may discover in an assessment of each age group. | Toddlers have little to no understanding of heath and it is the caregiver’s responsibility for health management. Toddlers should be able to wash their hands and learning to brush teeth with the guidance of a parent. | This age group can verbalize pain and are very curious about how their body works. Preschoolers may view the inside of their body as “empty” because they can’t see what’s inside. | School aged children are aware of how their body functions and are aware for the need for well checkups. They also have a better understanding of health and illness. | | The child may not have white teeth and the nurse may notice decay. Poor overall health appearance, not well maintained by parents. | They can experience fear of mutilation and death at this age. Immunizations are an important part of overall health and are at risk for infection if not up to date. | They can learn poor health habits...
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...Chapter 2 Early Childhood Development Theories Abstract Developmental theories are useful towards understanding how children learn and grow, and by what means their trajectories can be supported. Most theorists agree that both biology and experience are key factors that shape developmental outcomes. Risk and protective factors are said to contribute to development and often can be modified through intervention efforts. The prevention model emphasizes a foundation of supports and services aimed to foster healthy development. Keywords Secure base behavior • Emotional regulation • Egocentric • Accommodation • Assimilation • Equilibrium • Zone of proximal development • Positive reinforcement • Negative reinforcement • Punishment • Parenting styles • Modeling • Ecological theory • Risk and protective factors • Prevention model Theories of development provide a framework for thinking about human growth, development, and learning. If you have ever wondered about what motivates human thought and behavior or how personalities form, understanding these theories can provide useful insight into both the individual and societal influences on early development. The next section will briefly review the major developmental theories that help to explain how development unfolds, sources of vulnerability and protection that influence child development, and how the course of development may be altered by prevention and intervention efforts. Understanding factors which may support...
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...exhaustive resource. Some of the knowledge required to pass the test comes from these articles; the other material comes directly from the two-day course. Some edits to the original articles have been made for the Training Guide to flow as a stand-alone reference, provide context for readers, as well stay current with the course format. All original works are preserved in the CrossFit Journal and hotlinks (noted by their blue color) are provided throughout. Copyright © CrossFit, Inc. All Rights Reserved. CrossFit is a registered trademark ‰ of CrossFit, Inc. V2.2-20150514R4.KW V2.3_ 20150525.KW Table of Contents Methodology. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Medicine-Ball Cleans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87 Understanding CrossFit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 The Glute-Ham Developer Sit-Up. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92 Foundations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Nine Foundational Movements Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 What is Fitness? (Part 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....
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...Functional Health Pattern Assessment (FHP) Toddler Erickson’s Developmental Stage: 1 to 3 years Autonomy vs. Shame/Doubt (Edelman & Mandle, 2010) Preschool-Aged Erickson’s Developmental Stage: (3 to 5 years) Initiative vs. Guilt (Edelman & Mandle, 2010) School-Aged Erickson’s Developmental Stage: 6 to 11 years Industry vs. Inferiority (Edelman & Mandle, 2010) Pattern of Health Perception and Health Management: List two normal assessment findings that would be characteristic for each age group. List two potential problems that a nurse may discover in an assessment of each age group. 1-Toddlers may eventually learn that being sick means feeling bad or having to stay in bed, but they have little, if any, understanding of the meaning of health. 2-Toddlers whose parents eat a variety of foods are more likely to try new foods 1-Their concepts of what is inside the body and how its internal functions operate are vague and inaccurate 2- Most preschoolers can name one or two items inside the body (blood, bones) 1- Most school-age children perceive symptoms and show an ability to participate in health-promoting behaviors 2- School-age children’s understanding of illness is directly correlated with their cognitive development and follows a direct sequence of developmental stages 1-Risk for injury is very high. Toddlers like to explore parent’s guidance is a must. 2- Parents need to be educated on ways to keep their toddlers safe for...
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...U.S. SOCCER “D” LICENSE COURSE Candidate Manual Contents by United States Soccer Federation UNITED STATES SOCCER FEDERATION The “D” license course manual contents are owned by the United States Soccer Federation. Any reproduction or other dissemination of Coaching Instructor’s Workbook without the express written consent of the United States Soccer Federation is strictly prohibited. © 2008-2009 United States Soccer Federation Updated as of May 2008 2 USSOCCER.COM UNITED STATES SOCCER FEDERATION D Why is it important to teach players to “respect the game”? So they understand that the game is the best teacher. So they learn to respect the role of the referee; opponents; coaches; fans; their equipment; and nutrition. And to ensure future players continue playing, learning, and loving this game. – United States Soccer Federation “D” LICENSE COURSE 3 UNITED STATES SOCCER FEDERATION FIFA — Soccer’s World Governing Body Founded in 1904 to provide unity among national soccer associations, the Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) boasts 207 members, rivaling that of the United Nations, and is arguably the most prestigious sports organization in the world. As soccer’s ultimate administrative authority, FIFA governs all facets of the game: regulating the rules of play, overseeing the transfers of players internationally, organizing international competitions such as the FIFA World Cup, establishing standards for refereeing, coaching...
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...MOTOR DEVELOPMENT: A THEORETICAL MODEL T E R M S C H A P T E R C O M P E T E N C I E S Upon completion of this chapter you should be able to: Define life span motor development View an individual’s motor behavior as “more” or “less” advanced on a developmental continuum rather than as “good” or “bad” Demonstrate an understanding of neural, physiological, perceptual, and cognitive changes across the life span Distinguish between inductive and deductive theory formulation Describe the phases of motor development List and describe the stages within the phases of motor development Explain how the requirements of the movement task, the biology of the individual, and conditions of the learning environment interact with the Triangulated Hourglass Model of motor development Demonstrate knowledge of both how and why using a heuristic device as a metaphor for understanding is helpful in conceptualizing the products and processes of motor development Descriptive theory Explanatory theory Phases of motor development Inductive method Deductive method Category of movement Reflexes Rudimentary movement abilities Fundamental movement skills Specialized movement skills Heuristic Algorithm Triangulated Hourglass Model of motor development 46 www.mhhe.com/gallahue7e CHAPTER 3 Motor Development: A Theoretical Model 47 KEY CONCEPT The processes and products of motor development across the lifespan may be conceptualized through use of a triangulated hourglass heuristic. A ...
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...individual patient, family and their need. I vow to confront issues, be innovative, inspiring, motivating and an educator with integrity focusing on improvement for my patient, community and profession. Professional nursing encompasses many roles. The role of nursing has been defined and redefined throughout history. It involves much more than just bathing patients and giving medications. Nursing is regulated by Boards of Nursing, supported by Professional Nursing Organizations and gets its core values from the Nurse Code of Ethics as well as practice Nursing Theory from past and the present. Nursing is an ever evolving profession applying holistic care while functioning within the parameters set by legal and moral standards. A. Functional Differences The Board of Nursing is a regulatory agency found in all fifty states. It is a governmental agency that holds the responsibility for the regulation of nursing practice standards. This agency function includes approving educational nurse programs, interpreting and enforcing it’s state nurse practice act. Many nurses and non-health care persons know the Board of Nursing most for its responsibility for issuing nurse licenses, monitoring exams and intervening against nurses who commit acts that violate a state’s nurse practice law. The Board of Nursing differs from Professional Nursing Organization in that each Board of Nursing regulate licensure but Professional Nursing Organizations do not nor do they provide disciplinary...
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...cells divide to produce new cells by mitosis and meiosis. They have understood that meiosis is an early step in sexual reproduction that leads to variation. Students have been introduced to genetics to be able to appreciate evolutionary differences among species. Learners have also found out that biodiversity is the collective variety of species living in an ecosystem, and by studying the ecosystem; they have come across the various cycling of materials and energy transformation. DRAFT April 29, 2014 All modules in Grade 9 Unit 1-Living Things and Their Environment present student-centered activities that will allow the learners to discover and develop concepts that they may consider useful to their everyday life. At the end of each lesson, key concepts are provided for the students to grasp ideas and information that they will remember even after they have left school. Instructional activities are designed to build up the students’ knowledge, understanding, skills, and ability to transfer learning. The modules generally use authentic assessment for the students to perform real-world tasks demonstrating meaningful application of essential knowledge and skills. There are four modules in this quarter, namely: Module 1: Respiratory and Circulatory Systems Working Together with the other Organ Systems Module 2: Heredity: Inheritance and Variation Module 3: Biodiversity and...
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...Teaching and Teacher Education 36 (2013) 77e91 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Teaching and Teacher Education journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/tate Grammar matters: How teachers’ grammatical knowledge impacts on the teaching of writing Debra Myhill a, b, *, Susan Jones a, Annabel Watson a a b University of Exeter, UK University of Wollongong, Australia h i g h l i g h t s Teachers’ grammatical knowledge influences what students learn about writing. Limitations in teachers’ grammatical content knowledge can generate student misconceptions. Teachers’ ‘applied’ knowledge is more significant than declarative knowledge. a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Received 27 June 2012 Received in revised form 17 July 2013 Accepted 19 July 2013 Teaching grammar has been mandated in statutory curriculum documents in England since 1988. Yet despite this, research evidence continues to suggest that metalinguistic knowledge is an area of challenge for many teachers. Drawing on data from a larger study, this paper considers the role of teachers’ grammatical knowledge, both content and pedagogical content knowledge, in mediating learning about writing in the classroom. It also illustrates how students’ learning about writing is influenced by teachers’ metalinguistic knowledge. The study highlights that grammatical pedagogical content knowledge is more significant than grammatical content knowledge in supporting meaningful...
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...negative publicity at home and abroad Zero tolerance Shut the door firmly on illegal activity johnkworks/Shutterstock.com Managing fraud and corruption risk and protecting brand reputation is becoming increasingly important when sourcing from overseas destinations. With the changing enforcement milieu, extra-territorial statutes and zero tolerance around acts of bribery and corruption, brands need to constantly monitor their supply chains. These supply chains transcend international boundaries, with business partners (suppliers, vendors, service providers and such) being located across geographies, having different cultures and work ethics. Therefore, it is a challenge for any company to know and curb supply chain risks. To implement the code of conduct uniformly throughout the supply chain, companies have to change the mindsets of employees and business partners overseas through continuous learning and development. Winning and expanding business overseas could be a time-consuming and arduous task in some cases. Facilitation payments and kickbacks are easy quick fixes. Many sourcing destinations are countries that rate low on the Transparency International index, where vulnerabilities around vendor kickbacks and bribery of officials are prevalent. Mounting business pressures, aggressive timelines to complete projects and high costs involved have the tendency to spur unethical activities. Take this company, for instance Let’s explain this with an example. Take the case of...
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...A Comparative Analysis of Nike and Adidas Commercials * A Multimodal Approach to Building Brand Strategies Mads Nørgaard Hansen Dennis Gade Pedersen BA Marketing and Management Communication Supervisor: Carmen Daniela Maier Department of Language and Business Communication Aarhus School of Business Aarhus University 2010 A Comparative Analysis of Nike and Adidas Commercials * A Multimodal Approach to Building Brand Strategies Mads Nørgaard Hansen and Dennis Gade Pedersen Abstract Heavy competition in the sports industry has caused organisations like Nike and Adidas to focus on more than just selling sportswear- and equipment. Organisations need to differentiate themselves and focus on both product attributes and brand values when creating brand strategies. Therefore, we have found it interesting to see how Nike and Adidas communicate their branding strategy differently and have set up the following hypothesis and questions: In Nike and Adidas commercials the organisations make use of complex multimodal choices in order to communicate their branding strategies. 1. Which multimodal choices do Nike and Adidas employ in order to communicate their branding strategies? 2. Which personality traits are similar and different in Nike and Adidas product and value commercials? Due to the complexity of our hypothesis, we will employ three frameworks: social semiotics, film theory, and branding. These frameworks will help us to analyse and...
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