Premium Essay

Fundamentals of Fragrance Assignment #1

In:

Submitted By valecho94
Words 873
Pages 4
Valentina Cho
COSM 2350
Fundamentals of Fragrance Assignment #1

1. What is the dime sized patch in the upper air passages of the nose that give us our sense of smell?
A dime-size patch of olfactory membrane in each of the upper air passages of the nose contains the nerve endings that give us our sense of smell.

2. Where in the brain is the sense of smell first processed?
The sense of smell, however, is first processed in the limbic lobe, one of the oldest parts of the brain and the seat of sexual and emotional impulses.

3. Who pronounced smell the most unimportant of all the senses? Immanuel Kant pronounced smell the most unimportant of the senses and unworthy of cultivation.

4. Umeda hunters were reported to sleep with what under their pillows and why? Umeda hunters in New Guinea were reported to sleep with bundles of herbs under their pillows in order to inspire dreams of a successful hunt that they could follow, like a map, when they awoke the next day.

5. The Berbers of Morocco were known to inhale the fragrant smoke of pennyroyal, thyme, rosemary and laurel as a cure for what?
The Berbers of Morocco were known to inhale the fragrant smoke of pennyroyal, thyme, rosemary, and laurel as a cure for headaches and fever. They believed that smelling a narcissus flower could protect them from syphilis, and that malicious spirits could be forced from the body by the scent of burning benzoin mixed with rue, and consumed in the aromatic fires.

6. Olfactory impresses are the intermediate between what?
Olfactory impressions are intermediate between the vagueness of touch or taste and the richness and variety of sight and hearing.

7. The earliest perfumers we know of were what?
The earliest perfumers we know of were Egyptian priests, who blended the juices expressed from succulent flowers and plants, the pulp of fruits, spices, resins and

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

Organizational Ethics

...Leadership and Organizational Behavior Assignment 1 Dr. J. Pionke Strayer University Leadership and Organizational Behavior Assignment 1 Discuss how personal differences and preference can impact organizational ethics. Ethics are defined as the basic concepts and fundamental principles of right human conduct. It includes the study of universal values such as the essential equality of all men and women, human or natural rights, obedience to the law of land and concern for health and safety. Organizational ethics relates to how an organization responds to internal and external stimuli (Business Dictionary, 2011). Unfortunately, while ethics are made up of ‘basic concepts and fundamental principles’ these concepts and principles are not necessarily absolute, or universal. While the law concerns what we must do, ethics concerns what we should do. Such a broad and non-specific definition of organizational ethics can naturally lead to conflicting views on what constitutes ethical behavior and what does not. One person’s view of what the organization should do in a given situation might differ greatly from someone else viewing the same situation. As such, personal differences and preference can greatly impact organizational ethics. As an example, one area that garners significant ethical debate is that involving workplace relationships between supervisors and subordinates (Siegel, 2005). Utilizing this one area of ethical concern we can observe significant differences in how...

Words: 1734 - Pages: 7

Premium Essay

Business Enviornment

...[pic]This assignment will discuss and summarise key issues and elements of the Marketing process. It generates the strategy that underlies sales techniques, business communications, and developments. It is an incorporated process that can be modelled in a sequence of steps: the situation is analysed to identify opportunities, the strategy is formulated for a value proposition, tactical decisions are made, the plan is achieved and the results are monitored. TASK ONE • Explain the various elements of the marketing process Marketing  Marketing is the social process by which individuals and organisation obtain what they need and want through creating and exchanging value with others. (Kotler & Armstrong, 2010). The marketing process of accompany typically involves identifying the viable and potential marketing opportunities in the environment, developing strategies to effective utilise the opportunities, evolving suitable marketing strategies, and supervising the implementation of these marketing efforts. (M. Patidar, 2012). Upload Your Assignment 1. Discuss and summarise key issues and element of the process Sainsbury’s which is one of the most prosperous companies in the world has been chosen for case study. There are four key elements of marketing process, environment analysis, and strategy development, the choice of the marketing mix and implementation and control. The Marketing Process Marketing process has several steps and these steps are summarising below: • 1 – By analysing...

Words: 6388 - Pages: 26

Premium Essay

Mary Kay India

...[pic] MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (MBA) MARKETING MANAGEMENT (MKT750) GROUP ASSIGNMENT CASE STUDY : MARY KAY INDIA HAIR CARE LINE PRODUCT ALINUR AYUNI ALI2012416538 MOHD HAFIZ ABD GHANI 2012456922 UMI NADIA MOHAMED 2012217058 GROUP BM7702PA – EVENING TRACK LECTURER DR. SITI ZALEHA SAHAK TABLE OF CONTENT 1. Strategic Issues And Problems 1 2. The Branded Beauty And Personal Care Market In India 2 3. Mary Kay, Inc. 4 1. Mary Kay Inc. Hair Care In India 4 2. Summary Of Facts – 4Ps 6 1. Product 6 2. Price 6 3. Promotion 7 4. Placement 7 4. Strategic Marketing Tools 8 1. BCG Model: Branded Beauty and Personal Care in India 10 2. BCG Model: Mary Kay Business Subunits in India 11 3. Limitations of BCG Model 12 4. Payoff Matrix: Alternatives for Mary Kay Inc. 12 5. Recommendation and Conclusion 15 1.0 STRATEGIC ISSUES AND PROBLEMS Sheryl Adkins-Green, the vice president of Brand Development at Mary Kay, Inc. received a request from a general manager for India to provide a hair care line for women. Being in attached with the company, her responsibilities to develop brand and being in charge around the world and...

Words: 3817 - Pages: 16

Premium Essay

Shaping Your Future

...“Shaping Your Future” The Background Information 1. Whose plan is this? Gabrielle Bonheur Chanel 2. Business and owner details: Renowned worldwide designer Coco Chanel was born with the name Gabrielle Bonheur Chanel on August 19, 1883, in Saumur, France. With her trademark suits and minimal dark dresses, Coco Chanel made ageless outlines that are still famous today. She herself turned into an abundantly respected style symbol known for her straightforward yet advanced outfits matched with incredible adornments, for example, a few strands of pearls. As Chanel once said,"luxury must be agreeable, else it is not extravagance." Her initial years, then again, were definitely not as glamorous as it would seem. After her mom's demise, Chanel was placed in a halfway house by her dad who acted as a merchant. She was raised by nuns who taught her the way to sew—an ability that would prompt her labor of love. Her handle originated from an alternate occupation altogether. Amid her concise profession as a vocalist, Chanel performed in clubs in Vichy and Moulins where she was called "Coco." Some say that the name originates from one of the melodies she used to sing, and Chanel herself said that it was an "abbreviated rendition of cocotte, the French word for 'kept lady," as per an article in The Atlantic. Around the age of 20, Chanel got to be included with Etienne Balsan who offered to help her begin a millinery business in Paris. She soon left him for one of his significantly...

Words: 14684 - Pages: 59

Premium Essay

Business Strategy

...Table of Contents Introduction 1 Define the contexts of business strategy (1.1) 2 The importance of a written vision/mission statement for a company 4 If a student is able to provide an overview of findings using the following queries as guide (M1) 6 Select four organizations and find their mission Statements and complete the following exhibit by identifying stakeholders that are mentioned and evaluate the differences between firms in the private sector and those in the public sector (M2) 7 Explain the significance of stakeholder analysis (1.2) 8 Managing and partnering with external stakeholders and clear delineation of traditional management tactics and partnering tactics are illustrated (M3) 12 An environmental and organizational audit of your selected organization (use EFE and IFE matrices) (1.3) 14 Prepare EFE and IFE Matrices for your selected companies 19 Estee Lauder 19 Revlon 20 Avon 22 Construct a CPM and provide interpretation and analysis of the results (D1) 24 Application of strategic positioning techniques to the analysis of the organization (1.4) 24 List five strategic positioning techniques company or business had used and discuss how do they benefitted from those strategies (D2) 25 Conclusion 29 References 30 Introduction Johnson and Scholes (n.d.) defined strategy as the direction and scope of an organisation over the long-term: which achieves advantage for the organisation through its configuration of resources within a...

Words: 7371 - Pages: 30

Premium Essay

Dior/ Gucci

...E-Marketing Assignment - Websites comparison - Table of contents I/ Introduction Page 3 II/ Company profile Page 4 III/ Mission and vision of both companies Page 7 IV/ Internet presence of both companies Page 8 V/ 6Is of the E-marketing mix Page 18 VI/ Conclusion Page 20 VII/ References Page 21 I/ Introduction The development of Internet is certainly the most striking economic phenomenon in recent years. This new media has changed the established rules of traditional marketing strategies and finds its audience among a population who is tired of aging commercial techniques such as TV, newspaper advertisement or radio. Internet is currently the symbol of a digital revolution and most companies are aware that this is a precious tool. Indeed, local and global competition is becoming tougher and companies need to increase continuously their brand awareness to subsist. For this reason, numerous companies are modifying their communication strategy by investing massively in the worldwide network. The creation of an online presence through their website allows them to complement their media channel and to reach...

Words: 5666 - Pages: 23

Free Essay

Marketing Strategy of Basmati Rice in Tunisian Market

...Marketing Assignment. KOHINOOR BASMATI RICE MARKET ENTRY STRATEGY FOR TUNISIAN MARKET. Submitted By: Samik Sarkar MIB 2nd Semester. KOHINOOR BASMATI RICE MARKET ENTRY STRATEGY FOR TUNISIAN MARKET. Choice of Market: Accelerating India's export growth to the Middle East and Africa (MEA) provides an opportunity to add 1-2 percentage points of GDP growth to our economy. India's exports to MEA went up seven times over the 2004 level to about $60 billion in 2010. This was significantly faster than India's overall exports, which went up about five times to $250 billion at the same time. The share of this region in India's total exports has gone up from about 18% to almost 25%. We still have barely scratched the surface of MEA's true potential. In years when retaining the 8%+ GDP growth is such a challenge, focusing on MEA exports makes a whole lot of sense. Currently, our exports to MEA are lopsided, with about half our exports going to a single country, the UAE. This fact seems odd, considering the UAE is one of the smallest countries in MEA in terms of population, till we understand that the UAE plays a role as a trade conduit to other countries in the region. However, it also shows the enormous potential we have if we market our products and services directly to these countries. In Middle East we have countries like Iran , Iraq and Sudan. Iran, which is one of the largest markets in the region, contributes a tiny $2 billion, or 3%, to our exports to the region. Iran has...

Words: 2277 - Pages: 10

Premium Essay

Mareketing

...California Management Review ƒ Darden School of Business ƒ Design Management Institute ƒ HEC Montréal Centre for Case Studies ƒ Ivey School of Business ƒ International Institute for Management Development (IMD) ƒ IESE Business School ƒ INSEAD ƒ John F. Kennedy School of Government ƒ Kellogg School of Management ƒ Perseus Books ƒ Princeton University Press ƒ Rotman Magazine ƒ Stanford Graduate School of Business ƒ Sloan Management Review ƒ Social Enterprise Knowledge Network ƒ Thunderbird School of Global Management ƒ Tsinghua University ƒ University of Hong Kong Customer service is available 8 am to 6 pm ET, Monday through Friday. Phone: 1-800-545-7685 (1-617-783-7600 outside the U.S. and Canada) Tech support is available 8 am to 8 pm ET, Monday through Thursday, 8 am to 7 pm ET Friday. Phone: 1-800-810-8858 (1-617-783-7700 outside the U.S. and Canada) Email: custserv@hbsp.harvard.edu Web: hbsp.harvard.edu C ASES Cases, slices of business life, focus on actual problems and decisions facing a company. Students are challenged to put themselves in the protagonist’s place and suggest business strategies, tactics, and solutions. New Cases ABICI The co-founder of an Italian bicycle manufacturer evaluates whether reducing...

Words: 5522 - Pages: 23

Premium Essay

Marketing Report on Unilever

...SYEDA FAIZA BATOOL MBE-09-09 MBA *(EVENING)* 2*ND*SEMESTER SESSION 2009-2012 {draw:frame} PREFACE This report focuses on unilever marketing strategies its environment, its competitive strategies product and marketing factors. We designed a report to provide a brief description about its marketing mix and its major competitors in Pakistan. In addition to these we add a research survey base on unilever. We all have tried to our level best to fulfill all the requirements mentioned to us and now it is up to the reader to read carefully and understand what we want to communicate. This report provides a brief knowledge about unilever. Acknowledgment My first foremost humble and gratitude thanks to ALLAH the almighty for giving me the velour to remain dedicate to make this report. This underlying form term report is based on the analysis of different marketing mix function of unilever applied on sunsilk. In making this report we collect data from publication, internet, magazines and official person. Executive summary The summery of this report is that in this report we describes the history , mission , vision, purpose, their total brand in Pakistan and how company manage these brands for segmentation, targeting , and positioning. This report tells us that how company selects their segmentation, targeting and positioning strategy for a specific product Sunsilk shampoo. This report tells that what are the pricing, promotion,...

Words: 3240 - Pages: 13

Free Essay

Buyology

...1 of 83 file:///D:/000004/Buy__ology.html 08/08/2009 10:45 2 of 83 file:///D:/000004/Buy__ology.html CONTENTS TITLE PAGE FOREWORD BY PACO UNDERHILL INTRODUCTION 1: A RUSH OF BLOOD TO THE HEAD The Largest Neuromarketing Study Ever Conducted 2: THIS MUST BE THE PLACE Product Placement, American Idol , and Ford’s Multimillion-Dollar Mistake 3: I’LL HAVE WHAT SHE’S HAVING Mirror Neurons at Work 4: I CAN’T SEE CLEARLY NOW Subliminal Messaging, Alive and Well 5: DO YOU BELIEVE IN MAGIC? Ritual, Superstition, and Why We Buy 6: I SAY A LITTLE PRAYER Faith, Religion, and Brands 7: WHY DID I CHOOSE YOU? The Power of Somatic Markers 8: A SENSE OF WONDER Selling to Our Senses 9: AND THE ANSWER IS… Neuromarketing and Predicting the Future 10: LET’S SPEND THE NIGHT TOGETHER Sex in Advertising 11: CONCLUSION Brand New Day APPENDIX ACKNOWLEDGMENTS NOTES BIBLIOGRAPHY ABOUT THE AUTHOR COPYRIGHT FOREWORD PACO UNDERHILL It was a brisk September night. I was unprepared for the weather that day, wearing only a tan cashmere sweater underneath my sports jacket. I was still cold from the walk from my hotel to the pier as I boarded the crowded cruise ship on which I was going to meet Martin Lindstrom for the first time. He had spoken that day at a food service conference held by the Gottlieb Duttweiler Institute, the venerable Swiss think tank, and David Bosshart, the conference organizer, was eager for us to meet. I had never heard of Martin ...

Words: 66056 - Pages: 265

Premium Essay

Buyology

...1 of 83 file:///D:/000004/Buy__ology.html 08/08/2009 10:45 2 of 83 file:///D:/000004/Buy__ology.html CONTENTS TITLE PAGE FOREWORD BY PACO UNDERHILL INTRODUCTION 1: A RUSH OF BLOOD TO THE HEAD The Largest Neuromarketing Study Ever Conducted 2: THIS MUST BE THE PLACE Product Placement, American Idol , and Ford’s Multimillion-Dollar Mistake 3: I’LL HAVE WHAT SHE’S HAVING Mirror Neurons at Work 4: I CAN’T SEE CLEARLY NOW Subliminal Messaging, Alive and Well 5: DO YOU BELIEVE IN MAGIC? Ritual, Superstition, and Why We Buy 6: I SAY A LITTLE PRAYER Faith, Religion, and Brands 7: WHY DID I CHOOSE YOU? The Power of Somatic Markers 8: A SENSE OF WONDER Selling to Our Senses 9: AND THE ANSWER IS… Neuromarketing and Predicting the Future 10: LET’S SPEND THE NIGHT TOGETHER Sex in Advertising 11: CONCLUSION Brand New Day APPENDIX ACKNOWLEDGMENTS NOTES BIBLIOGRAPHY ABOUT THE AUTHOR COPYRIGHT FOREWORD PACO UNDERHILL It was a brisk September night. I was unprepared for the weather that day, wearing only a tan cashmere sweater underneath my sports jacket. I was still cold from the walk from my hotel to the pier as I boarded the crowded cruise ship on which I was going to meet Martin Lindstrom for the first time. He had spoken that day at a food service conference held by the Gottlieb Duttweiler Institute, the venerable Swiss think tank, and David Bosshart, the conference organizer, was eager for us to meet. I had never heard of Martin ...

Words: 66056 - Pages: 265

Premium Essay

Solman

...Solutions Manual COST ACCOUNTING Fifteenth Edition Charles T. Horngren Srikant M. Datar Madhav V. Rajan ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- Acquisitions Editor: Ellen Geary ------------------------------------------------- Editorial Project Manager: Nicole Sam ------------------------------------------------- Editorial Assistant: Christine Donovan ------------------------------------------------- Project Manager: Roberta Sherman ------------------------------------------------- Supplements Project Manager: Andra Skaalrud ------------------------------------------------- Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying...

Words: 9620 - Pages: 39

Free Essay

P&G Report

...Half-Billion Dollar Brands Improving Life P&G Leaders — Built from Within Corporate Officers Board of Directors P&G at a Glance Financial Contents Shareholder Information 11-Year Financial Summary 1 5 8 10 12 16 18 24 25 26 27 72 73 Financial Highlights FINANCIAL SUMMARY (UNAUDITED) Amounts in millions, except per share amounts 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 Net Sales Operating Income Net Earnings Net Earnings Margin from Continuing Operations Diluted Net Earnings per Common Share from Continuing Operations Diluted Net Earnings per Common Share Dividends per Common Share $79,029 16,123 13,436 14.3% $ 3.58 4.26 1.64 $81,748 16,637 12,075 14.4% $ 3.56 3.64 1.45 $74,832 15,003 10,340 13.4% $ 2.96 3.04 1.28 $66,724 12,916 8,684 12.7% $ 2.58 2.64 1.15 $55,292 10,026 6,923 12.0% $ 2.43 2.53 1.03 NET SALES (in billions of dollars) DILUTED NET EARNINGS (per common share) 05 06 07 08 09 $55.3 $66.7 $74.8 $81.7 $79.0 05 06 07 08 09 $2.53 $2.64 $3.04 $3.64 $4.26 OPERATING CASH FLOW (in billions of dollars) 05 06 07 08 09 $8.6 $11.4 $13.4 $15.0 $14.9 Note: Previous period results have been amended to exclude the results of the Folgers coffee business from continuing operations. For more information refer to Note 12 on page 71. The Procter & Gamble Company 1 A.G. Lafley Chairman of the Board When I became CEO in 2000, P&G faced some of the most demanding challenges in the Company’s long history. We made the strategic choices necessary to...

Words: 43458 - Pages: 174

Free Essay

Apollo Tyres Os

...Dedicated with regards to my Parents [pic] ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The project of such magnitude cannot be accomplished without the assistance and co-operation of several people. Exchange of ideas generates a new object to work in a better way. So, whenever a person is helped and co-operation by others, his heart is bound to pay gratitude and is not merely formalities but an expression of deep sense of gratitude and cumulative appreciation. Now first and foremost, I feel highly obliged to Mr. R. K. Sharma, District Manager: Apollo Tyres Ltd. Muzaffarpur who got me placed for project training, which had sent materials, according to my topic for execution in order to perform the work for preparing this dissertation. I would like to mention something special about my supervisor Mr. Vipin Kumar, (Asst. Professor) L.N.Mishra College of Business Management, Muzaffarpur, and making acknowledgement that without his kind co-operation, attention, wise guidance and a regular feedback from me, my mission would not have been fulfilled its milestone. I have not the desired word power to express my heartiest gratitude regards reverence and indebtness to him. I also acknowledge with a deep sense of reverence, my gratitude towards of my parents and member of my family, who has always supported me morally as well as economically. [Md. Nishat Alam] PREFACE As it is said ............"The theory without practice is lame and...

Words: 7265 - Pages: 30

Premium Essay

Khan

...This text was adapted by The Saylor Foundation under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License without attribution as requested by the work’s original creator or licensee. Saylor URL: http://www.saylor.org/books Saylor.org 1 Preface Competing books are focused on the academic part of HRM, which is necessary in a university or college setting. However, the goal with this book is not only to provide the necessary academic background information but also to present the material with a practitioner’s focus on both large and small businesses. While the writing style is clear and focused, we don’t feel jargon and ten-dollar words are necessary to making a good textbook. Clear and concise language makes the book interesting and understandable (not to mention more fun to read) to the future HRM professional and manager alike. It is highly likely that anyone in business will have to take on an HRM role at some point in their careers. For example, should you decide to start your own business, many of the topics discussed will apply to your business. This is the goal of this book; it is useful enough for the HRM professional, but the information presented is also applicable to managers, supervisors, and entrepreneurs. Besides these differences, other key differences include the following:   This book utilizes a technology focus and shows how HRM activities can be leveraged using technology. We have also included a chapter on communication and information...

Words: 157258 - Pages: 630