FUNDAMENTALS OF BIE:
What constitutes renewable energy and its importance? * Renewable energy which is any energy source which is naturally and constantly replenished.

* 1- Protect our environment and public health 2- Energy for our generation. 3- Increase economic development 4- Conserve our natural resources for future generations.

Definitions and characteristics of various alternative energy sources and storage mechanisms:

* Biomass is the common name for organic materials used as renewable energy sources such as; wood, crops, and waste. In order to produce energy from Biomass, the organic matter must be burnt in some way. * Solar energy is the energy received by the earth from the sun. This energy is in the form of solar radiation, which makes the production of solar electricity possible. * Direct heating, which means converting concentrated sunlight into heat, usually to boil water, This has actually been patentedand commercialized since the late 1800’s, even for Small-scale home use. * Photovoltaic cells, which convert sunlight into voltage. These have been continually perfected over the last100 years as well and are becoming more efficient and cost-effective all the time. * Geothermal energy is power generated from natural steam, hot water, hot rocks, or lava in the Earth's crust. At approximately 10’ underground, temperature is a very constant 55°F warmer than ambient in the winter and cooler than ambient in the summer. Free energy. * Biodiesel combines vegetable or animal fats with alcohol to produce mono-alkyl ester. A subset of this concept is the conversion of fossil diesel engines to run on used vegetable oil from restaurants and industry – effectively, this kills two birds with one stone as disposal of used oil is a major problem in and of itself. * 1- Ethanol,