...Assignment 4: Funding Health Care Service Strayer University HSA 500 November, 2013 Introduction The essential business of the health care industry is the delivery of health care services. In the U.S., the health care industry is considered to be the largest service employer. Funding for the U.S. health care services consists of a mix of public and private payment sources. Medicare and Medicaid represent the two major health programs. Funding for Ambulatory Services The use of Ambulatory Care Services is common amongst most people. It has become an important element in the delivery of health care. For many, it has been viewed as the primary source of health care; offering an extensive range of services that don’t require overnight hospitalization. The services offered can be as complex as tests to and therapies or as simple as a minor cut. Traditionally in the U.S., ambulatory care services were provided in the offices of medical practitioners and in the homes of the patients. Presently, these services are performed in outpatient clinics, emergency rooms, and same day surgery centers. Ambulatory care has expanded within the health care system. This is due to the fact that it is less expensive than inpatient stays and less time consuming for patients. In comparison to inpatient patient procedures, outpatient procedures have been estimated to be 30% to 60% less in costs. Funding for Ambulatory care services began when the first surgical care center opened in...
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...Economic Terms and Health Care History Amber Rainwater HCS/440 Economics: The History of Health Care February 26, 2012 Health Care History Throughout the history of the United States, the economics of the health care system has experienced many changes. There are many factors to consider that has been the drive behind many of the changes within the health care system. Medical and surgical technologies are some factors that relate to the changes in health care. Besides these factors, allocating sources to fund health care services has always been the most critical factor. One might consider the economic term supply and demand when looking at the history of health care economics and the primary funding source. Health care funding has always been a challenge and will continue to be a barrier due to the lack of resources within our nation. The primary source for funding medical services has faced many changes throughout U.S. history. The need to utilize medical services has increased, which led to the implementation of health care insurance. This came into effect due to the growing demand for health care services at a lower outer pocket expense. The challenge of funding medical services has always been a struggle. It was President Harry Truman that first approach Congress to enact a national insurance program back in 1945 After many failed attempts, President Johnson finally signed into law the Medicare and Medicaid program on July 30, 1965. Medicare is a government...
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...In the past 15 years, the demand for free or low-cost health care has grown, and FQHC capacity has expanded in response (see Figure 1). Since the mid-1990s, the ranks of uninsured Americans grew faster than the general population, while the willingness of private physicians to provide charity care declined.2 In addition, the proportion of the U.S. population covered by Medicaid increased from approximately 10 percent in 1999 to 17 percent in 2010.3 Federal support for FQHCs ramped up during the Bush administration (2001-08) and has continued under the Obama administration. Direct federal funding for FQHCs increased from roughly $750 million in 1996 to $2.2 billion in 2010, helping to increase the number of FQHC organizations nationally from about 700 to 1,200—with more than 8,100 sites of care. The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 added another $2 billion in temporary FQHC funding for capital and service improvements through 2010. http://www.hschange.com/CONTENT/1257/ What Happens to Indian Health Services? _Indian Health Care Improvement Act (IHCIA) was permanently reauthorized for IHS, Triballyoperated programs, and Urban Indian Programs. _Authorizes more IHS services - ex: behavioral health, prevention programs, hospice, assisted living, long term, home & community-based care. _Numerous grants opportunities under the ACA for workforce development, trauma centers, preventive care, early childhood programs, innovative healthcare models...
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...Suszkowski Economic History and Health Care Funding July 2, 2013 2013 HCS 440 - Economics Aletha Ilene Lane Geoffrey Suszkowski Economic History and Health Care Funding This will address the history of health care funding. It will talk about the history and evolution of health care. It will also address a timeline of events for funding health care. Health care has change a lot since the 60s. Back in those days, people had to travel long distance to find health care and some died along the way. In today’s time, people are having a hard to paying for health care due to the change in technology. In the past, people had to pay for health care service with private funding. Today, people have private insurance to help pay for health care service. Physicians use to accept cotton, gain and livestock for medical service when people could not afford to pay. The government had to come up with ways to help people with medical services. By the 1960s, private health insurance was established. In 1958, most of the people had some form of coverage. During Eisenhower administrations of 1952-1960, there was no proposal for government sponsored health insurance. “They realized that the only way to enact government-sponsored health would be to do so incrementally and focus on the elderly” (Marmor 2000). After John F. Kennedy was elected the political was more favorable toward health insurance. The federal program was passed in 1965 for Medicare. The funding for Medicare came from payroll...
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...Health Service Delivery: Similarities: Both general practices and ACCHS’s utilize similar models for servicing patients.1 The models used are more team-based instead of general practitioner focused.1 The care is patient focused and involves the family, and input from the physician, allied health specialists, mental health professionals and community services.1 Differences and Reasons for Differences: In terms of availability general practice in Australia seems to be readily available to the populace as 90% of the Australian population visited a GP at least once in the 2004-2005 year period.2 However, for Indigenous Australians availability and affordability continue to be barriers to appropriate and effective health care.3 Due to lower...
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...Australian Health Care system is a continuous process and the system change will affect all consumers from all background as well all health professional. Rural and remote areas health care: The shortage of healthcare professionals in rural communities is a global problem that poses a serious challenge to equitable healthcare delivery. In Australia rural areas are underdeveloped in most of these areas (rural and remote areas). About one-third 32 per cent of Australians live in rural and remote areas 29 per cent in regional areas and 3 per cent in remote areas (AIHW, 2008a). Persons in rural communities can suffer more chronic health due to the lack of health care services in rural areas. My review discusses an overview of and the lack of services within these communities. As stated in the a discussion papers on Primary Health Care (www.health.gov.au), geographical location accessibility to and availability of appropriate health services and rural and remote environments including socioeconomic status, lifestyles, and are undoubtedly the hallmark characteristics of rural and remote Australia. The lack of distance and transport are major problems to accessing health care for many rural Australians. Health care systems servicing the needs of rural and remote Australians cannot be seen apart from the transport system that either takes services to the people or brings patients to those services. Health transport may be required at different points within the health care system...
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...Medical Care for an Aging Population HCS/440 Economics: The Financing of Healthcare University of Phoenix Online Medical Care for an Aging Population There are many issues that face the health care system for the aging population such as the strain on major funding programs such as Medicare, Medicaid, and social security by not having enough funding to cover the growing baby boomer population as they reach retirement age. Social security is the largest federal spending program and Medicare is the fastest growing program and with less working adults than those 65 and older, these programs face issues that could be solved in several ways including raising the retirement age beyond 65, Raising the taxable wage limits for social security and Medicare, and building more long term care and memory care facilities. With an increase in the aging population medical care may be difficult to afford as the increased use of services puts a strain on funding programs requiring changes on how we fund these programs and who will qualify. Raising Retirement Age There are many issues that face the health care system for the aging population such as the strain on major funding programs such as Medicare, Medicaid, and social security by not having enough funding to cover the growing baby boomer population as they reach retirement age. Raising the retirement age beyond age 65 is a proposed solution to increase the funding for the program. Life expectancy continues to grow and we are living...
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...provider of reproductive health care. Planned Parenthood has 61 affiliates throughout the country, with an estimated 700 health clinics in almost all states. It is not only a health care provider, but also an educator and advocate for women’s health. Planned Parenthood assists women in making conscious and well-informed choices about health, sex, and family planning. Every year over three million women, men, and teens visit Planned Parenthood associated medical centers to receive health care such as routine gynecological exams, breast and cervical cancer screenings, contraceptive services, abortion care, sexually transmitted infection/disease testing and treatment. According to Planned Parenthood, one out of five female Americans pays a visit to a Planned Parenthoodcenter throughout the course of her life (Planned Parenthood, 2014). Because Planned Parenthood is a nonprofit organization, it relies heavily on government funding to support its broad mission and programs. At the end of the 2014 fiscal year, it was revealed that Planned Parenthood health centers were recipients of $528.4 million in government funds. These funds were the largest source of income for the organization followed by private donors, charitable foundations, and non-government sources. With this being said, federal funding is absolutely essential to ensuring that Planned Parenthood’s program operations are successfully executed. Opponents of Planned Parenthood have rallied against federal funding, calling for a halt...
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...Economic History and Health Care Funding Monica Williams HCS/440 July 1, 2013 GEOFFREY SUSZKOWSKI Economic History and Health Care Funding The paper that is being written is covering the history of economics and how the economy and health care funding has changed. The paper will reveal how the two compare in today’s society. It will evaluate the money used to fund certain health care services such as Medicaid/ Medicare, HMO’s, and how places like hospitals and nursing homes receive compensation for taking care of patients. The paper will also go into detail of how elderly pay to have certain services such as home health services provide care in their place of residence. One must wonder what economic history and health care funding is. Well economic history is the way people with supply and demand which is how the price of a commodity or commodities are determined; the cost of the production of a product that is being made, wealth and the level of income, and the structure and operation of overseas trade. Some would believe that Health care funding is how most people can afford health care, seeing that the cost of receiving it is very high. With that being said, the government did not fund health care like they do now. There were no health care programs like the ones that are available today. Back in the old days people would be able to afford health care only if they could pay their doctor in food or whatever little money...
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...Analysis of Factors Influencing Adequate Funding of Social Health Care in the Tower Hamlets, London DECLARATION I declare that this is my original work and has not been submitted in any other university or institution for examination. Signature Date Student no: Stud - This is to confirm that the work this proposal was done by the student under our supervision. SignatureDate Supervisor 1: For and behalf of (Name of institution) Signature Date Chairperson, Department of ( ) DEDICATION This work is dedicated to my family members for their enduring support they gave for the whole time I was pursuing this project. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First, I would like to thank my supervisor .................... who has guided me in writing this project. More particularly my special thanks go to my lecturers for taking me through the whole course. I am also greatly indebted to my fellow students who were with me throughout the course work. OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS Class A drugs- drugs deemed by the government to cause the most lethal harm when consumed. They attract heavy jail terms including life in prison. Community care- a term used in healthcare policies to mean looking after people with particular needs in the community. Local strategic partnership- a single non-statutory body, aligned with local authority boundaries that bring together at a local level the different parts of the public sector as well as the...
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...Title: Why the Current Health Care System Is In Turmoil Name: Course: Institution: Date: The US health system is in turmoil mostly because of two major issues first being that the cost of treatment is very high and the second factor that is affecting the health system being that most US citizens lack medical coverage and thus are unable to get access to good health care services. These two factors have put the current health care system in a crisis because it has made health services expensive and thus unaffordable to the citizens. The high cost of health services is caused by most hospitals charging high fees to their patients mostly because there is low number of qualified doctors. This is because most medical schools require one to have an undergraduate degree in order for them to pursue the medical training. The cost of the training is also high and thus doctors ought to be high so that they can enjoy their expensively earned career. Doctors in the US are highly paid and this reflects in the charging of health services in hospitals with good services. The common citizen who is either self employed or unemployed will not afford the high cost of medical services and this will increase the mortality rate and work productivity. The effect of high costs in the health care system is that it becomes hard for those who can’t afford the money for treatment because they will either die due to lack of timely treatment or go for a long period without working. This will by time affect...
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...Title: Why the Current Health Care System Is In Turmoil Name: Course: Institution: Date: The US health system is in turmoil mostly because of two major issues first being that the cost of treatment is very high and the second factor that is affecting the health system being that most US citizens lack medical coverage and thus are unable to get access to good health care services. These two factors have put the current health care system in a crisis because it has made health services expensive and thus unaffordable to the citizens. The high cost of health services is caused by most hospitals charging high fees to their patients mostly because there is low number of qualified doctors. This is because most medical schools require one to have an undergraduate degree in order for them to pursue the medical training. The cost of the training is also high and thus doctors ought to be high so that they can enjoy their expensively earned career. Doctors in the US are highly paid and this reflects in the charging of health services in hospitals with good services. The common citizen who is either self employed or unemployed will not afford the high cost of medical services and this will increase the mortality rate and work productivity. The effect of high costs in the health care system is that it becomes hard for those who can’t afford the money for treatment because they will either die due to lack of timely treatment or go for a long period without working. This will by time affect...
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...determine what parts of the Affordable Care Act can apply to Puerto Rico and the impacting the Medicare, Medicare patient services and employees. Most of the people in the island think that the Affordable Care Act is giving more security and help to address the existing disparities in the healthcare system. With the new Patient Protection & Affordable Care Act, the insurance companies can no longer drop the coverage if one becomes sick, bill individual into bankruptcy because of an annual or lifetime limit, and they will not be able to discriminate against anyone with a pre existing condition. Most of the Medicare and Medicaid community suffers do to the imbalance in our healthcare system this situation affects the quality of care and places a financial strain on the government, individuals and families, employers and employees, and public and private providers. Most of the Medicare beneficiaries have to enroll in the MA program to help them to succeed and receive the adequate treatments without MA to help the disadvantaged seniors on the island, Puerto Rico's elderly citizens will be forced to turn to Mi Salud in larger numbers. Although Mi Salud is scheduled to receive an average of $690 million annually during the next five years, the widening deficit in MA funding is likely to create a net negative impact on federal funding for healthcare in Puerto Rico. The Health care Policies and Issues Ethical concerns and issues The Affordable Care Act (ACA) policies are intended...
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...United States vs. Foreign Nations: Funding & Reimbursing Healthcare Services United States vs. Foreign Nations: Funding & Reimbursing Healthcare Services In this document I will discuss the health care system of three foreign nations versus the United States. Specifically, focusing on how physicians and hospitals are reimbursed and funded in the United States as opposed to foreign nations. The three other foreign nations that will be involved in this discussion will be: Germany, Canada, and United Kingdom. Reimbursement/funding of health care services varies from nation to nation. Each of these countries inhabits a different point on the international healthcare continuum. In this critical analysis you will read about the different ways foreign countries and the United States reimburse hospitals and providers for health care services. The United States of America In America, we, as consumers, have the right to choose among various suppliers of healthcare services. We make a decision based upon the competing market and quality of goods and services. Then we pay for the cost of our services mainly through insurance or by paying for the full cost of the purchase ourselves. According to Bodenheimer and Grumbach, health care financing in the United States started off from out-of-pocket payments and evolved through individual private insurance, then employment-based insurance, and then finally government-based financing (i.e. Medicaid and Medicare) (2012, p. 187)...
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...Economic History and Health Care Funding Christina Bacon HCS 440 Economics: The Financing of Healthcare BSCS13JR00 University of Phoenix Online Geoffrey J. Suszkowski, Ph.D., LFHIMSS June 5, 2012 Economic History and Health Care Funding When writing this paper, the subjects covered will be the history of economics and how the economy and health care funding have changed and how the two go hand in hand in today’s society. Where the money will come from to fund health care services such as; Medicaid/Medicare, HMO’s, how hospitals and nursing homes get paid for taking care of people, going to the doctor’s office, or going to the hospital. How the elderly pay to have home health services come in and provide care in their homes. All these things will be covered in this paper. Economic History and Health Care Funding What is economic history and health care funding? Economic history is the way people dealt with supply and demand, cost of production of a product, the levels of income and distribution of wealth, the structure of overseas trade, and the volume and direction of investment, (Adelman, 1985). Health care funding, is the way people would pay for their health care, because in the early years, there was no Medicaid/Medicare, or HMO’s to help pay for health care. The government did not fund health care then like health care is funded now, through government programs such as Medicaid/Medicare, HMO, health insurance, etc. People paid for health care by paying the...
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