...Future of Corrections Heather Rhodes Angie Guzman Lady Cruz Jessica Olguin University Of Phoenix CJA/394 February 8, 2012 There has been a great amount of change in the philosophy and practices of sentencing and corrections in the past 30 years. In the first seven decades there was a strong emphasis on rehabilitation that lasted until 1970’s. The focus on rehabilitation gave way to the focus on fairness and justice which was considered the “just deserts” model. Then the sentencing practices moved on toward a crime-control model which became extremely popular in the 1980s and 1990s. These changes lead to the sentencing practices that are used today and focus on four major goals; retribution this refers back to the just deserts model meaning that people who break the law deserve to be punished. The three other goals deterrence, incapacitation and those most favored one rehabilitation all of these have their own effective emphasizing methods used to protect the public. The get tough on crime perspective is where the sentencing stage is at currently this has caused an increase in prison populations. As the population and the population of minority groups in the justice system continue to grow it is likely that we will move toward a treatment orientation, and community corrections will be enhanced and expanded. Retribution is one of the first philosophies corrections followed. This model refers back to the just desserts model, basically that people who break...
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...Prisons around the nation are growing, and there needs to be a new trend of either getting these inmates out of the prisons, or at least putting them to work so that they are not wasting tax payer dollars. A big future trend that should be implemented in all of our nation’s prisons is work. If more and more inmates are coming into the prisons then they should make themselves useful. Prisoner these days sit around all day and have nothing to do and this can cause a lot of problems within the correctional facility because the inmates get bored. Work programs would be an ideal way for inmates to spend their time. Instead of an inmate sitting in his or her cell for eight hours, why can’t they spend that time working? Work programs can help inmates get used to working and develop job skills and work ethics. This can give inmates the courage and help they need to be confident in the fact that they can find work when they get out of prison. Industry programs can also be very cost effective for the prisons. If prisons where to start their own wood working shops or automotive shops that could bring their own income in then it would take a lot off from the tax payers’ dollars. It is not right for a normal law abiding citizen to have to pay for a criminals meals in prison. Prisoners get treated to well these days and that is a reason why the incarceration rate is growing. To some if not most of the inmates don’t mind being in prison because they get fed and they don’t have to worry about...
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...Correction Trends Evaluation Paper Angela Rosado CJA/394 Contemporary Issues and Future in Criminal Justice September 19, 2011 Christopher Manning Paper Correction Trends Evaluation The question at hand today is where and how is our correction system going to be in the future? But to understand and know how the future of our corrections will be, we must first understand the past and the present trends of corrections. In this paper I will discuss the past, present and future trends of corrections, I will analyze current and future issues facing prisons and prison administrators as well as the role/issues of alternate correction systems as a developing trend. Past Corrections In today’s society the jails and prison pretty much function in the same ways. The history of the State prisons began at the Walnut Street Jail in 1790, it was called the first American penitentiary located in Philadelphia, and the building had been operated as a city jail. Some of the same functions and principles were used in England, also these functions were used in the United States as early as the eighteenth century, in England during that time did very little when it came down to punishment. There was very little difference between the two correction systems in the United States, the punishment was significant, but it was very noticeable that the American’s corrections’ system difference in punishment, for example: the use of capital punishment. Therefore, when it came down to the death...
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...Criminal Justice Trends: Corrections CJA 484 Criminal Justice Trends: Corrections Criminal justice can be considered a system of practices and institutions. The government directed system is intended for maintaining control socially, mitigating and deterring crime, or sanctioning those who violate laws with criminal penalties and rehabilitation efforts. The criminal justice system is made up of three sections: (1) Legislative (create laws); (2) adjudication (courts); and (3) corrections (jails, prisons, probation and parole) (Ariestechsoft, 2013). In criminal justice, particularly in North America, correction, corrections, and correctional, are umbrella terms describing a variety of functions typically carried out by government agencies, and involving the punishment, treatment, and supervision of persons who have been convicted of crimes (Carson & Sabol, 2012) . These functions commonly include imprisonment, parole and probation. In this paper, the writer will evaluate past, present, and future trends of corrections. Discuss the budgetary and managerial impact that future trends will likely have not only on corrections, but also the other components of the criminal justice system. Evaluate In the past corrections used to be vastly different than it is today. Corrections were merely just a place to store individuals who have broken the laws of the land. This place had no regard to the age, sex, or the nature of the law broken. The corrections facility could be considered...
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...Corrections Trend Evaluation Carla Howard CJA 394 University of Phoenix Corrections have existed throughout society for many years and continued to change and evolve in the United States reflecting society’s values and ideals throughout the centuries. In the criminal justice system, corrections exist in more than one form. Not only do corrections refer to jails and prison systems but they also pertain to community-based programs, such as probation, parole, halfway houses, and treatment facilities. Past, present, and future trends in regard to the development and operation of institutional and community-based corrections vary between states but corrections have grown immensely since the early 1800s and have continued to expand over time. Corrections are adamant to continue to expand into the future because crime is not slowing down so there will remain a strong need for corrections throughout society. The subject of this paper pertains to research of past, present, and future trends in the development and operation of corrections. In some ways corrections are similar to the operation trends of two decades ago. In other ways the development of corrections has come far compared to corrections in the beginning. Other subjects of the paper include current and future issues for prisons and prison administrators and an explanation for why these issues overwhelm corrections. A last topic for discussion is the roles of alternate corrections as a developing trend. ...
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...Trends Paper 484 4/13/2015 Dwayne Carr The trends in the criminal justice system There are concepts created to help with the future of criminal justice system department of corrections growth is being structured. For the reason with the trends that started from the past into the current time happening, from the issues turning in to problematic situations. With the overpopulated jail and prison system and the shortage of finances, to keep the criminal justice system efficiency However, in the matter if they do not deal, with and discover an excellent solution to aid in this matter. Then will continue to make the criminal justice system of corrections inefficient. Future with the department of corrections, to be in question the concepts that looked at as answers to the problems are the Relapse Prevention Therapy treatment programs. In addition, restorative for the criminal justice department of corrections future, which being discuss with community activist, legislators. In addition, the administrators as they figure out the best methods that will correct, the distress also issues with the trends from the past in the current situations. With the past, the criminal justice system, department of corrections the political figures thought which taking a harsh tactics, to criminal committing criminal actions was a just thing to do. For the reason, recidivism would not lower with programs treatment, which is what they thought to be true this also thought of dropping...
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...Criminal Justice Trends Paper Dwight Blackshire September 9, 2013 CJA/484 Mr. James Herring Criminal Justice Trends Paper New philosophies to aid in the future progress of corrections are being developed as a result of past and current trends. The issues and concerns surrounding the corrections component of the criminal justice system are overcrowded prisons and their decreasing budget. If these issues and concerns are not address, they will continue to affect the effectiveness and future operations of corrections. Restorative and community justice programs are options being considered for the future of corrections as administrators, legislators, and activists debate philosophies to address these issues and concerns resulting from past and current trends. In the past, the national political climate favored the “get tough” approach against crime. It was believed that treatment programs could not reduce recidivism. Furthermore, it was also believed to keep the national crime rate low and protect the public, offenders of crime must be punished to deter crime. As a result, reforms such as truth-in-sentencing and three-strike legislation were implemented into the law. These...
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...Correctional Trends Evaluation Contemporary Issues and Futures in Criminal Justice CJA/394 The paper will evaluate the past, present, and future trends that have had a profound affect in the development and operation of institutional and community-based corrections. The need of prisons and prison administrators is most important in the criminal justice system therefore, the paper will identify the current and future issues today. In addition the paper will evaluate the corrections system as a developing trend pertaining to the issues and the role of alternative corrections. Development and Operations of Institutional Corrections In prior years the development of institutional corrections left nothing to the imagination. The perspective of development and operations of institutional corrections is one fact that the facilities’ inmates were housed in the conditions were dark and fifthly. Inmates were treated harshly, and worked extremely hard. Today the development and operations of institutional corrections play a part where constitutional rights are in affect. Inmates today although the prison systems are overcrowded they are with constitutional rights. One constitutional right an inmate is entitled to today is health care. The prison system today functions differently. Rules and regulations are enforced but not by the hands of the facility but by the law. Facilities today although overcrowded are no longer dark, and fifthly. Inmates...
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...Corrections Trend Evaluation Diana Robles CJA/394 August 13, 2012 University of Phoenix Corrections Trend Evaluation There have been many different and difficult trends among the justice system. These include many issues and controversy over centuries. We as society now learn and comprehend that our justice system is improving within time and developing a different theory to analyze in a better way what can be done to keep improving it. An evaluation will be described including the past, present, and the future of what is now the development and operational of the institutional community is based on corrections. As well as the issues and the future issues that prison and prisons administrators and the way the correction systems are developing within different trends. Past, present and future The past a, present and future trends that pertain to the development and operation of institutional and community that are based on corrections is for example the perspective that is been used today (Muraskin &Roberts, 2009). “Get tough on crime “is a viewpoint that has created a continuous development and increasing in the prison that have continual into the twenty first century (Muraskin &Roberts, 2009). As time keep passing by and society keeps changing, justice system is going to be moving more towards treatment orientation (Muraskin &Roberts, 2009). As well as community corrections will be improved and prolonged more (Muraskin &Roberts, 2009). Earlier in the years...
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...Correction Trend Alfreda Jernigan CJA-394 02-15-2012 University of Phoenix Correction Trend Compare and Contrast- Past, Present, and Future trends pertaining to the development and operation of institutional and community based corrections Correctional programming today is at a level of effectiveness that exceeds previous expectations. Jurisdictions throughout the United States there are other programs that utilize research-based programs to educate, train and motivate offenders. Gone are the days of haphazard implementation of programs that sounded good, but often just occupied time for the offenders. The past evolution occurred for many reasons (Corrections Today, 2010). One of our biggest wake-up calls was the claim made about 30 years ago that, nothing works in corrections, in terms of rehabilitation. Although this widely publicized statement was removed from its context for some less-than-honorable purposes, it did in fact bring some attention to the conundrum that many prisons were not effective as change agents for offenders, but rather seemed only to serve the purpose of separating problems from society (Corrections Today, 2010). 7,225,800 adults were under correctional supervision (probation, parole, jail, or prison) in 2009 (U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2010). While this singular purpose was acceptable to many citizens, the more visionary leaders, both inside and outside of corrections, understood that the only good thing that could ever result...
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...Corrections Trend Evaluation In this paper the objectives that will be addressed are past, present and future trends of corrections. Also, analyze current and future issues facing prisons and prison administrators as well as the roles and issues of alternate correction systems as a developing trend. In today’s society the jails and prison pretty much function with the same protocol. In the past the history of the State prisons began at the Walnut Street Jail in 1790, it was the actually first American penitentiary located in Philadelphia. Punishments such as the pillory and hanging were carried out in public. In the past, the Old Stone Jail in Philadelphia held old and young, black and white, men and women all together. In Chester County, the English custom of charging for various other services was also in force, fees for locking and unlocking cells, food, heat, clothing, and for attaching and removing irons incident to a court appearance (Prison Society, 2012). The act of 1790 brought about sweeping reforms in the prison and authorized a penitentiary house with 16 cells to be built in the yard of the jail to carry out solitary imprisonment with labor for “brutal offenders.” As time and years went by mishandlings and joblessness stopped. The Walnut Street jail became a showplace, separating the different sorts of prisoners and workshops providing useful trade instruction. The more reforming of the jails and prisons occurred the more they got crowded (Prison Society, 2012)...
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...Corrections Trend Evaluation Tomas Gonzalez CJA / 394 February 4, 2014 Alfredo Cooke Corrections Trend Evaluation In this paper I will evaluate the past, present and future trends pertaining to the development and operation of institutional and community based correction. As part of the evaluation I will identify and analyze current and future issues facing prisons and prison administrators today. I will also identify and analyze the role/issue of alternate correction systems as a developing trend. Trends within the criminal justice system continue to influence the development and operations of institutions and community-based corrections. As mandatory sentencing laws can cause an increase in prison population, prison administrators face a daunting task in addressing the issues that overpopulation causes. “Apart from the highest priority of addressing prison population growth, prison managers are often confronted with an array of issues relating to imprisonment practices and their consequences” (Greenfeld, Beck, & Gillard, 1996, p.9). Development and Operations of Institutions The development and operations of institutions appears to operate around two opposing philosophies if punishment versus rehabilitation. The evolution of the development of corrections past, present and future has seen many changes throughout the inception of prisons. In the past the trends for prisons were solitary confinement with little concern for the rehabilitation of inmates. The well-being...
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...ßCorrections Review Questions Sept 22,2014 Corrections Imani Threalkill 1. How did the term corrections evolve from the earlier use of the term penology? Penology is the study of the use of punishment for criminal acts. Penology emphasized the principal function of implementing punishment in the handling of criminal offenders after their sentencing. Corrections are defined as the range of community and institutional sanctions, treatment programs, and service for managing criminal offenders. 2. What is the mission of corrections? To protect society accomplished through a combination of surveillance and control of offenders, rehabilitative services, and incapacitation during the services of a prison sentence. 3. Describe the operation of the Walnut Street Jail as the first American prison. Walnut Street Jail was one of hard labor, strict discipline, religious study, and solitary and silent confinement. 4. Describe the differences in the Pennsylvania and the Auburn systems. The Pennsylvania System known as the separate and silent enforces inmates not to see or talk with each other meaning less production from inmates, which was very expensive to operate. More staff was needed. Impossible to keep inmates from talking. Only 2 states decided to keep this system (New Jersey & Rhode Island...
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...Future of the Juvenile Justice System Proposal Gina Tompkins, Marcus Hall, Terri Washington, Victor Jones CJA 374 November 24, 2013 Bruce Clingan Future of the Juvenile Justice System Proposal The juvenile justice system is designed to correct and change the behavior of juvenile offenders. Change in behavior is an indication the system is working. If there is no change, the system is deemed ineffective and a team of juvenile justice consultants are called in to make corrections. In reality, this team is composed of four state officials whose sole purpose is to develop a proposal to present to the state legislature for recommendations of adjustments to the juvenile justice system. This team of consultants is creating these recommendations including all aspects of community, law enforcement, courts, corrections, and the private sector or privatization involvement. The community should be involved in the future of the juvenile justice system along with funding, awareness, and assistance from the state. Characteristics of the Golden Program and the Reclaiming Futures Program The recommendation to the state legislature is to improve the juvenile justice system by introducing proven ways of enhancing community involvement through community-based programs such as the Golden Program and the Reclaiming Futures Program. One proven way to improve effectiveness according to Nissen (2007), is a program named Golden (the integrated care network) that involves court personnel...
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...in the near future. The writer did a good job with the variety in this paragraph starting each sentence in a different way and possessing different sentence lengths. The paragraph also flowed together at a good pace and gave away the information needed in a timely manner. The writer points out good information in a direct manner to make sure that the reader is taking in all of the needed information. The writer also had a very wide variety of word choices in the paragraph to make the reading interesting and keep the audience pulled in. In my opinion the author did a fine job with this paragraph. PARAGRAPH 2 I believe that Writepoint does a really good job giving feedback for papers that are submitted by students at Axia. The feedback that I received was accurate for the most part and I did use the information that Writepoint provided me with in order to make the necessary corrections to my paragraph above. The way that Writepoint explains the mistakes can be confusing sometimes and I have to reread it to make sure that I understand it correctly in order to make the corrections to my paper in the correct manner. One feature that I really like about Writepoint is how it suggests you change a word and tells you why it thinks that. I like to know why I need to make the corrections that need to be made. In my paragraph the program only pointed out three errors for me to fix and I did agree with all of those errors this time but I have had times in the future where I have...
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