...Casio Watches - Market Analysis, Research Methodology and Customers CASIO IN LUXARY WATCH INDUSTRY Market Analysis The mission of Casio's product development is to create something where there was nothing before - what Casio calls going from "0" to "1." By creating totally original products, Casio strongly believes that they add fun and convenience to daily life and pioneers new cultural trends. "Demand-creating" products, which Casio’s opinion will create markets of their own, produce economic and technological ripple effects. Strategic advantages of Casio in product development are realized by focusing on the following two core areas: 1. Superb product planning driven by accurate assessments of people's needs 2. Superior technologies to make products that meet those needs Competitive strategy in the luxury watchmaking industry: Per Michael Porter, the three fundamental competitive strategies for outperforming competitors in a long term perspective in luxury watch market are (i) differentiation, (ii) overall cost leadership and (iii) focus. These strategies are defined using the criteria of strategic advantage and strategic target. In order to implement these strategies correctly, companies need to develop different skills, gather particular resources and have an adequate organization of the company as in the following figure. Each of these strategy provide defense against the Porter’s five forces. Companies usually set one of these strategies as their...
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...1. Introduction 1.1 Background G-shock which has good shockproof and waterproof characteristics is a well-known brand belongs to Casio. According to Casio website(2009)'SHOCK' means to combat and impact the shock, and 'G' is means the gravity and tends to convey a kind of spirit which is "never give up" and "toughness". In 1981,a Casio research personnel who is named Mr. Nikaido has broke his watch which was a gift by his father for he pass the college entrance examination. Therefore, he began to developed shockproof watch. In 1983, the first G-shock comes to the present. However it did not sell good at first, after this low tide, it turns 25 years to create a own pop culture and has also spawned a variety of styles of different series. G-shock has been created from a simple belief: The creation of a never smashed watch. (Casio website, 2009)Today, G-SHOCK continues to his pursuit of further innovation and creates all kinds of impossible. G-shock (G-700BD-1AV) in the print, which is the official offer of around RMB1200. (Casio, 2009) 1.2Theories According to (Hall, Jones, Raff, 2009:75) marketing mix is a basic concept in marketing, referring to companies according to customer needs and business marketing goals to determine the best combination of controllable marketing factors. The main purpose of marketing is to meet the consumer wants, and consumers need a lot, it is necessary to meet consumer wants. The marketing mix makes from 4Ps--Price, Product, Promotion and Place...
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...1 | P a g e State of the Mobile Nation Switching Attitudes and Behaviours of Mobile Phone Service Providers in Australia Final Report Dr David Gray Dr Steven D’Alessandro Dr Leanne Carter Macquarie University Department of Marketing and Management. March, 20122 | P a g e Table of Contents Executive Summary...........................................................................................6 (i) Introduction ..........................................................................................6 (ii) Objectives of the research ....................................................................6 (iii) Methodology ........................................................................................6 (iv) Key findings .........................................................................................6 (a) The performance of the mobile phone services market..........6 (b) Switching behaviour and savings achieved.............................7 (c) Consumer satisfaction with mobile carriers .............................7 (d) Major reasons for switching carriers.........................................7 (e) Switching costs..........................................................................8 (f) The role of inertia in limiting switching......................................8 (g) The reasons for not switching...................................................8 (h) Bill shock....................................................................
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...(e): 2321-3418 Market Study of Farstrack And Casio Watches. Arati Biradar Assistant Professor, Department of Master of Business Administration Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Bidar, Karnataka (INDIA) E-mail ID: arati_bhogle@rediffmail.com ABSTRACT: With the advent of new technology, a revolutionary change is occurred in the watch market of India. Previously only a few brands were ruling the market. However with the passage of time and with the opening of free trade, there is no dearth of various national and international brands in the market. A few years ago, people used to buy watch, only to check time. However, now they buy not only to check time but also for fashion. In the present report an attempt has been made to analyze the two brands of the watch namely, Fastrack and Casio by using technique of SWOT analyses and covering aspects such as marketing environment, advertising and position. Keywords: Advertisement, current behaviour, SWOT Analysis ,market environment, fastrack, Casio. INTRODUCTION: 1. Fastrack Watches 1.1 HISTROY The journey begun on 1998 as a sub brand of Titan & went ahead as big as the parent brand. It came up when Timex split up with Titan. By 1998, Titan was one of the most trusted brands in watch segment. But, Titan had moved up the age spectrum. The youth associated the brand with their parents and stayed away from it. It was missing out on the 450 million potential segments for which it had no market offering. Titan ...
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...Asymmetric Shocks, Long-term Bonds and Sovereign Default1 Junjun Zhu, Shiyu Xie School of Economics, Fudan University January 2011 Abstract: We present a sovereign default model with asymmetric shocks and long-term bonds, and solve the model using discrete state dynamic programming. As result, our model matches the Argentinean economy over period 1993Q1-2001Q4 quite well. We show that our model can match high default frequency, high debt/output ratio and other cyclical features, such as countercyclical interest rate and trade balance in emerging countries. Moreover, with asymmetric shocks we are able to match high sovereign spread level and low spread volatility simultaneously in one model, which is till now not well solved. As another contribution of our paper, we propose a simulation-based approach to approximate transition function of output shocks between finite states, which is an indispensable step in discrete state dynamic programming. Comparing to Tauchen’s method, our approach is very flexible in transforming various econometric models to finite state transition function, so that our approach can be widely used in simulating different kinds of discrete state shocks. JEL Classification: E44, F32, F34 Keywords: Sovereign Default, Asymmetric Shocks, Transition Function, Long-term Bonds 1 Corresponding authors: Junjun Zhu, Ph.D candidate at School of Economics, Fudan University, No. 200 Guoquan Road, Shanghai 200433, China. Shiyu Xie, professor at School of Economics...
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...frequency in recent decades has been double that of the Bretton Woods Period (1945-1971) and the Gold Standard Era (1880-1993), comparable only to the Great Depression. Nevertheless, the financial crisis that started in the summer of 2007 came as a great surprise to most people. What initially was seen as difficulties in the US subprime mortgage market, rapidly escalated and spilled over to financial markets all over the world. The crisis has changed the financial landscape worldwide and its costs are yet to be evaluated. The purpose of this paper is to concisely survey the literature on financial crises. Despite its severity and its ample effects, the current crisis is similar to past crises in many dimensions. In a recent series of papers, Reinhart and Rogoff (2008a, 2008b, 2009) document the effects of banking crises using an extensive data set of high and middle-to-low income countries. They find that systemic banking crises are typically preceded by credit booms and asset price bubbles. This is consistent with Herring and Wachter (2003) who show that many financial crises are the result of bubbles in real estate markets. In addition, Reinhart and Rogoff find that crises result, on average, in a 35% real drop in housing prices spread over a period of 6 years. Equity prices fall 55% over 3 ½ years. Output falls by 9% over two years, while unemployment rises 7% over a period of 4 years. Central government debt rises 86% compared to its pre-crisis level. While Reinhart...
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...Mohsin Ehan for very helpful comments. NBER's research program in International Studies. Any opinions expressed are those of the authors not those of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER Working Paper #2866 February 1989 DEVALUATION CRISES AND THE MACROECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF POSTPONED ADJUSTMENT IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES ABSTRACT This paper develops our analytical model to explore the relationship between the dynamics of macroeconomic adjustment and the timing of the implementation of an adjustment program featuring an official devaluation. The effects of postponing adjustment depend on the source of the original shock, In the case of fiscal expansion, postponement implies a larger eventual official devaluation and greater deviations of macroeconomic variables from their steady-state values. shocks, For adverse terms of trade postponement does not affect the size of the eventual official devaluation, but does magnify the amount of post-devaluation overshooting by key macroeconomic variables. Sebastian Edwards Department of Economics University of California Los Angeles, CA 90024 Peter Montiel Research Department International Monetary Fund Washington, DC 20431 I. Introduction An important issue in the design of stabilization programs refers to the...
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...interest rate is considered the monetary policy variable. Following a positive innovation in interest rate, GDP growth and inflation decrease while the exchange rate appreciates. When money growth and exchange rate are used as policy indicators, the impact on GDP growth contrasts with established findings. However, as expected, an exchange rate appreciation has an immediate impact on the reduction of inflation. Interest rate innovations are persistent, supporting the view that the monetary authority adjusts interest rates gradually, while innovations in money growth and exchange rate appreciation are not persistent. Several puzzling results emerge from the study: for most sub-samples, inflation does not decline following a contractionary policy shock; innovations to money growth raises the interest rate; when inflation does respond, it reacts to monetary innovations faster than GDP growth does; and exchange rate appreciations almost always lead to an increase in GDP growth. The results from the semi-structural VARs, which impose identification restrictions only on the policy block, are not different from those obtained from recursive VARs. The results show that none of the sub-samples since 1978 can be identified with a particular targeting regime. In contrast, the interest rate, monetary aggregates and the exchange rate, contain important information in relation to...
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...BUSS 1002 Short Notes Date: Wednesday 20 June, 1.50pm Length: Exam is 3 hours + 10 minutes reading time SECTION A (key concepts and application) – worth 20 marks SECTION B (A-CA-R application to a business problem) – worth 30 marks SECTION C (company analysis – same format as Company Report; company will be from the aviation industry) – worth 50 marks All three sections will require you to draw on your knowledge in relation to the main themes taught throughout the semester. SECTION A NOTES 2. CSR & SUSTAINABILITY * Business’s are a key player in society change agents (force for good or evil) * Changing nature of society has brought with it changing attidutes * The role of business in society (GFC) * Responsibility to society and the environment (climate, resources, CSR & S) * Corporate Social Responsibility Continuum * CSR Reluctance * CSR Grasp * CSR Embedment (integrate social objectives w/ bus goals; balance social & eco profits) * Definition of CSR * Notion that corporations have a obligation to society to take into account not just their economic impact, but also their social and environmental impact * Five dimensions of CSR * Environmental, Social, Economic, Stakeholders, Voluntariness (ESESV) * Align with triple bottom line of economic, environmental and social goals. * The Challenge * Energy industry has allowed economic progress, provides power, heat, light...
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...21, 2011) Abstract Recent increases in basic food prices are severely impacting vulnerable populations worldwide. Proposed causes such as shortages of grain due to adverse weather, increasing meat consumption in China and India, conversion of corn to ethanol in the US, and investor speculation on commodity markets lead to widely differing implications for policy. A lack of clarity about which factors are responsible reinforces policy inaction. Here, for the first time, we construct a dynamic model that quantitatively agrees with food prices. The results show that the dominant causes of price increases are investor speculation and ethanol conversion. Models that just treat supply and demand are not consistent with the actual price dynamics. The two sharp peaks in 2007/2008 and 2010/2011 are specifically due to investor speculation, while an underlying upward trend is due to increasing demand from ethanol conversion. The model includes investor trend following as well as shifting between commodities, equities and bonds to take advantage of increased expected returns. Claims that speculators cannot influence grain prices are shown to be invalid by direct analysis of price setting practices of granaries. Both...
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...regime is determined . Despite their initial popularity, the theoretical considerations have not escaped criticism.Section 3 reviews the criticism of these theories.A conclusion is provided in Section 4. Keywords : Exchange rate regime, the structural approach, credibility, flexibility, the bipolar view. 1 - Introduction The literature on the selection of exchange rate regimes can be divided into three main groups : the structural approach, the trade-off between credibility and flexibility and the“bipolar view“ or “corner solution“. Classical literature refers to earlier studies which examined systematic differences between floating and fixed exchange rate regimes.The analysis in these studies is closely related to the literature on the choice between fixed and flexible regimes based firstly,on the nature of the shocks generated by changes in...
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...When the general price level rises, each unit of currency buys fewer goods and services. Consequently, there is a decline in the real value of money and purchasing power. Inflation is an indicator of a country’s macro economic stability and provides important insight on the state of the economy and the sound macroeconomic policies that govern it. A stable inflation not only gives a nurturing environment for economic growth, but also uplifts the poor and fixed income citizens who are the most vulnerable in society. A numerous supply side and demand side factors could be responsible for this surge in inflation. Inflation can be a result of shocks to the supply of certain food items and to world oil markets. Rising oil prices can pose risk of increase in prices of almost all other commodities of the consumer basket. Such supply-side shocks are very volatile and can cause large fluctuations in food and oil prices. The effects of this on overall inflation at times can be so excessive that these cannot be countered through demand management, including monetary policy. The demand side...
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...MP A R Munich Personal RePEc Archive Impact of Interest Rates on Islamic and Conventional Banks: The Case of Turkey Erge¸ Etem Hakan and Arslan Bengul Gulumser c ¨ ¨¨ January 2011 Online at http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/29848/ MPRA Paper No. 29848, posted 4. April 2011 06:17 UTC Impact of Interest Rates on Islamic and Conventional Banks: The Case of Turkey Etem Hakan Ergeça* and Bengül Gülümser Arslanb Abstract Identifying the impact of the interest rates upon Islamic banks is key to understand the contribution of such institutions to the financial stability, designing monetary policies and devising a proper risk management applicable to these institutions. This article analyzes and investigates the impact of interest rate shock upon the deposits and loans held by the conventional and Islamic banks with particular reference to the period between December 2005 and July 2009 based on Vector Error Correction (VEC) methodology. It is theoretically expected that the Islamic banks, relying on interest-free banking, shall not be affected by the interest rates; however, in concurrence with the previous studies, the article finds that the Islamic banks in Turkey are visibly influenced by interest rates. JEL classification: G21; E52 Keywords: Interest-free banking, monetary policy I. Introduction Islamic banks1 are defined as financial institutions that rely on the principle of Profit and Loss Sharing (PLS) with the entrepreneurial partners in their relevant banking...
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...turnover, using data from a recent study of 352 NHS nurse leavers. We explore individual decisions to quit in a context characterised by change, and suggest a mechanism whereby organisational and contextual change can prompt individual leaving decisions. We develop and test hypotheses designed to shed light on the links between organisational change and individual decisions to quit. We then develop a theoretical, heuristic model describing the relationship between organisational change and turnover. The managerial implications of this model are outlined and the paper concludes with an agenda for future research. Introduction Employee turnover is a much studied phenomenon (Shaw, Delery, Jenkins and Gupta 1998: 511). Indeed, one recent meta-analysis (Hom and Griffeth: 1995) alone reviewed over 800 such studies (Iverson 1999). However, there is no universally accepted account for why people choose to leave organisations (Lee and Mitchell 1994), even though it is predominantly in instances where the employee makes the decision (rather than in cases of involuntary turnover) that organisations and organisational theorists have an interest....
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...available at ScienceDirect Energy Economics j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w. e l s ev i e r. c o m / l o c a t e / e n e c o Economic impacts of higher oil and gas prices The role of international trade for Germany Christian Lutz a,⁎, Bernd Meyer a,b a b Institute for Economic Structures Research (GWS), Osnabrueck, Germany University of Osnabrueck, Germany a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t The analysis concentrates on direct and indirect price increases, induced shifts in international trade and structural changes in the oil importing economies. The paper at hand asks, whether a stabilizing effect via international trade and domestic structural change on the GDP of oil importing countries can be observed, if a permanent oil price increase occurs. At least for Germany, structural change from consumer goods to investment goods industry and an improvement of international competitiveness limit negative impacts of increased energy prices. Analysis is based on the extensive and disaggregated global GINFORS model and the detailed INFORGE model for the German economy. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Article history: Received 15 July 2008 Received in revised form 13 January 2009 Accepted 27 May 2009 Available online 6 June 2009 JEL classification: Q43 C53 C67 F17 Keywords: Global modelling Energy prices and the macro economy International trade 1. Introduction Oil price shocks have negative impacts on oil importing countries. There seems to be...
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