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Garbology

Introduction

Evolution is a very interesting concept in anthropology. It refers to the biological populations’ alteration of the inherited characteristics over successive generations. The processes in evolution bring diversity at each biological organization level including, individual organisms, molecules like proteins and DNA, and species. According to what we know, life on this universe actually originated and afterwards evolved from universal common ancestor. Perhaps this is what makes the subject of evolution appear more interesting since through it we get well informed about where we originated from and about our evolution.

The concept of evolution is basically categorized under both micro and macroevolution processes. Microevolution refers to changes in the allele frequencies which occur overtime within a given population. For that reason, microevolution refers to the smaller evolutionary changes. For that reason, microevolution is gene pool changes of a population over a certain period of time that result in fairly small changes to organisms found in the population. A good example of such changes includes species’ size or coloring change. This change is essentially as a result of the four processes which in this case are mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, and selection both artificial and natural.

Mutation is actually a nucleotide sequence change of an organism genome, extra chromosomal genetic element, or virus. These processes come as a result of unrepaired damage to the RNA genomes or to DNA, the deletion or insertion of DNA segments by the mobile genetic elements, or from the errors that result from replication process. Mutations therefore play an imperative role in both abnormal and normal biological processes.

Natural selection is a process whereby the traits that