... One benefit that many employees either have or wish they had is contribution into a pension or retirement plan. From an accounting view point, there are many guidelines that need to be followed for companies or universities with these plans. The GASB has proposed changes recently that will affect the pension liability on the financial statements of universities and other non-profits. I have looked at the financial statements of the Ohio State University. The Ohio State University has two basic retirement plans available to their employees. The most popular plan is “covered by the Public Employees System of Ohio (OPERS)”. Their second plan is one in which the employee can “participate in” an “Alternative Retirement Plan (ARP)”. The major difference between the two is the OPERS is a defined benefit plan which includes contributions made by the employee, contribution matches made by the university and also other fringe benefits offered to their members. The ARP is a defined contribution plan that only includes contributions made by the employee and contribution matches made by the university. GASB has provided guidelines for Statement No. 67 and Statement No. 68 which make universities and non-profits account for future obligations that they have on their current financial statements. Most university employees receive “two types of compensation”; regular salary and a deferred salary that is based on the employee’s level and years...
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...Chapter 07 Accounting for the Business-type Activities of State and Local Governments True / False Questions 1. | For proprietary funds, governments generally present a statement of net position in a format that displays assets, plus deferred outflows of resources, less liabilities, less deferred inflows of resources, equals net position. True False | 2. | Internal service funds of one government may not provide goods or services, on a cost-reimbursement basis, to other governments. True False | 3. | Revenues of internal service funds should be recognized only when they are expected to be available in time to pay current liabilities of the fund. True False | 4. | Internal service funds should account for operating expenditures on the accrual basis. True False | 5. | Internal service funds account within the fund for any long-term liabilities to be serviced from revenue derived from fund operations. True False | 6. | Internal service funds should not account for depreciation of capital assets used in their operations, since this would, in effect, charge the government twice for the same assets. True False | 7. | Internal service funds are intended to operate on taxes or other financing sources authorized by the legally enacted revenue budget for each year; therefore, they are classified as governmental funds. True False | 8. | The net position of an internal service fund consists...
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...funds. Answer: True 8. In addition to the government-wide statements, governments are required to prepare fund financial statements for governmental funds only. Answer: False 9. The General Fund is not always considered to be a major fund when preparing fund basis financial statements. Answer: False 10. With respect to fund basis financial statements, governmental funds are considered to be a major fund when total assets, liabilities, revenues and expenditures combined are at least 10% of the total for the governmental funds category. Answer: False 11. With respect to fund basis financial statements, a government may only designate a fund to be a major fund if it meets the size thresholds established by GASB. Answer: False 12. With respect to fund basis...
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...Chapter 2 Fund Accounting ------------------------------------------------- Questions for Review and Discussion 1. In governmental accounting, a fund is a fiscal and accounting entity with a self-balancing set of accounts used to account for an organization’s resources and claims against those resources. In business accounting, by contrast, funds generally refer either to working capital (current assets less current liabilities) or to selected components of working capital. 2. The accounting equation as applied in government accounting and not-for-profit accounting is essentially the same as that applied in business accounting. The primary difference is that in business, assets = liabilities + owner’s equity, whereas in government and not-for-profit entities, since there are no “owners” as the term is used in business, assets = liabilities + fund balance. 3. Nonspendable fund balance includes amounts that are not in spendable form or are required to be maintained intact. Restricted fund balance includes amounts constrained to specific purposes by their providers, through constitutional provisions, or by enabling legislation. Committed fund balance includes amounts constrained to specific purposes determined by the highest decision-making authority of the government itself. Assigned fund balance includes amounts a government intends to use for a specific purpose. 4. Governments establish funds neither to account for specific functions...
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...The City of Seattle, Washington Comprehensive Annual Financial Report For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2013 Co ompre ehens sive Annual l Finan ncial R Repor rt For the F iscal Yea F ar Ended Decem mber 31, 2013 The City Seatt y of S tle De epartment t of Financ ce and Adm ministrativ ve Services s Introduction Table of Contents Comprehensive Annual Financial Report For the Year Ended December 31, 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION Table of Contents ....................................................................................................................................................... V Organizational Chart – City ..................................................................................................................................... XI Elected Officials ...................................................................................................................................................... XII Letter of Transmittal .............................................................................................................................................. XIII Certificate of Achievement for Excellence in Financial Reporting ...................................................................... XIX Organizational Chart – Department of Finance and Administrative Services ........................................................ XX FINANCIAL SECTION INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT State of Washington...
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...Financial Accounting Standards Board The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) has been the assigned organization in a private sector for establishing standards. These standards are important to be useful because it allows investors to make informed decisions. Financial information must be reliable, consistent and transparent. Since 1973, FASB has been part of a structure that’s independent of all other business and professional organizations. The rest of the parts are Financial Accounting Foundation (FAF), Financial Accounting Standards Advisory Council (FASAC), Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) and Governmental Accounting Standards Advisory Council (GASAC). The role of monitoring and controlling business reporting and accounting practices in a modern organization is to establish and improve standards of financial accounting. FASB has a board full of members that participate in accomplishing the mission. There are 7 board members as well as several staff members that help assist. The board members are: * Russell Golden is a chairman. He began in July of 2013. He served six years as a staff member (technical Director) for the FASB before he got appointed to the chairmen. His term will end in 2017, but then he can get an appointment to an additional 3 more years. He is also chaired in FASB’S emerging issues task force. * James Kroeker is the vice chairman. He was appointed in September 2013. He served as the deputy managing partner for professional...
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...Accounting Standards Building international opportunities for Australian business Corporate Law Economic Reform Program Proposals for Reform: Paper No. 1 © Commonwealth of Australia 1997 ISBN 0 642 26110 5 This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from the Australian Government Publishing Service. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction rights should be directed to the Manager, Commonwealth Information Services, Australian Government Publishing Service, GPO Box 84, Canberra ACT 2601. The Government is seeking comments from interested parties on the detail of the proposals in this paper which should be forwarded to the following address: First Assistant Secretary Business Law Division The Treasury Parkes Place PARKES ACT 2600 Telephone: 02 6263 3960 Fax: 02 6263 2882 Email: clerp@treasury.gov.au Copies of this paper are available from the Australian Government Publishing Service and on the Treasury web site (http://www.treasury.gov.au). Enquiries concerning the paper can be made to: Ms Veronique Ingram Assistant Secretary The Treasury Telephone: 02 6263 3970 Printed by the Australian Government Publishing Service TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Abbreviations PART 1: PART 2: Reform Proposals Introduction 2.1 2.2 PART 3: Background Key economic principles v 1 9 9 10 11 11 12 13 13 14 16 17 19 19 19 20 22 23 The Case for Reform 3.1 3.2 Impetus...
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...SECURITIES ACT OF 1933 [AS AMENDED Sec. Sec. Sec. Sec. Sec. Sec. Sec. Sec. Sec. Sec. Sec. Sec. Sec. Sec. Sec. THROUGH P.L. 112-106, APPROVED APRIL 5, 2012] TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Short Title. 2. Definitions. 2A. Swap Agreements. 3. Exempted Securities. 4. Exempted Transactions. 4A. Requirements With Respect to Certain Small Transactions. 5. Prohibitions Relating to Interstate Commerce and the Mails. 6. Registration of Securities and Signing of Registration Statement. 7. Information Required in Registration Statement. 8. Taking Effect of Registration Statements and Amendments Thereto. 8A. Cease-And-Desist Proceedings. 9. Court Review of Orders. 10. Information Required in Prospectus. 11. Civil Liabilities on Account of False Registration Statement. 12. Civil Liabilities Arising in Connection With Prospectuses and Communications. Sec. 13. Limitation of Actions. Sec. 14. Contrary Stipulations Void. Sec. 15. Liability of Controlling Persons. Sec. 16. Additional Remedies; Limitation on Remedies. Sec. 17. Fraudulent Interstate Transactions. Sec. 18. Exemption From State Regulation of Securities Offerings. Sec. 19. Special Powers of Commission. Sec. 20. Injunctions and Prosecution of Offenses. Sec. 21. Hearings by Commission. Sec. 22. Jurisdiction of Offenses and Suits. Sec. 23. Unlawful Representations. Sec. 24. Penalties. Sec. 25. Jurisdiction of Other Government Agencies Over Securities. Sec. 26. Separability of Provisions. Sec. 27. Private Securities Litigation. Sec....
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...Outside the academic context, GAAP means US GAAP. Similar too many other countries practicing under the common law system, the United States government does not directly set accounting standards, in the belief that the private sector has better knowledge and resources. US GAAP is not written in law, although the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) require that it be followed in financial reporting by publicly traded companies. Currently, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) is the highest authority in establishing generally accepted accounting principles for public and private companies, as well as non-profit entities. For local and state governments, GAAP is determined by the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB), which operates under a set of assumptions, principles, and constraints, different from those of...
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...City of Charlotte, North Carolina Comprehensive Annual Financial Report For the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2012 Mayor: Anthony Foxx Mayor Pro Tem: Patrick Cannon City Council: John Autry Michael Barnes Warren Cooksey Andy Dulin Claire Green Fallon David Howard Patsy Kinsey LaWana Mayfield James Mitchell, Jr. Beth Pickering City Manager: W. Curtis Walton, Jr. Prepared by the City of Charlotte Finance Department Greg C. Gaskins, Chief Financial Officer Teresa T. Smith, Chief Accountant This document is available online: CITY OF CHARLOTTE, NORTH CAROLINA TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTORY SECTION Letter of Transmittal ....................................................................................................................................... 1 Certificate of Achievement for Excellence in Financial Reporting ............................................................... 14 Organizational Chart .................................................................................................................................... 15 FINANCIAL SECTION Independent Auditors’ Report ...................................................................................................................... 17 Management’s Discussion and Analysis ..................................................................................................... 19 Basic Financial Statements: Government-wide Financial Statements: Statement of Net Assets ..................................
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...MODULE B Professional Ethics LEARNING OBJECTIVES | | | | | |Review |Exercise, Problems, | | |Checkpoints |and Simulations | | | | | |Understand general ethics and a series of steps for making ethical |1, 2, 3, 4 |54 | |decisions. | | | | | | | |Reason through an ethical decision problem using the imperative, | |55, 56, 57 | |utilitarian and generalization principles of moral philosophy. | | | | | |...
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...About CGG The Centre for Good Governance (CGG) was established by the Government of Andhra Pradesh (GOAP) in October 2001 to help it achieve the goal of ‘Transforming Governance’. Besides supporting the design and implementation of GOAP’s Governance Reform Programme, CGG undertakes action research, renders professional advice, and conducts Change Management and Management Development Programmes for Government departments and public agencies to help them implement their reform agenda. The Finance Department, GOAP entrusted the project ‘Framework for Preparation of Asset Register’ to CGG under IDF grant for strengthening public financial management. The Team This Report on ʹAsset Register Framework for Government of Andhra Pradeshʹ has been prepared by Mr. A. Srinivas Kumar IA&AS., Deputy Executive Director, CGG with assistance from Mr A P H D Varma, ACA, Consultant and Ms. Vasantha Pratha, Knowledge Manager (PFM) CGG under the overall guidance of Dr. Rajiv Sharma, IAS, Director General & Executive Director, CGG. Acknowledgements The study team would like express its sincere gratitude to Mr C R Kamalanathan, IAS (Retd.), Consultant, CGG for his valuable guidance and support. We are also grateful to Ms Vasudha Mishra, IAS, Secretary (IF), Finance Department, GoAP for her involvement and active participation in the deliberations of the workshop, which helped clarify many points...
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...BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT AND CONCEPTS Section 1: Business Structure 1. The uniform law, issued in 1984 by the Committee on Corporate Laws of the American Bar Association, that regulates the formation, operation, and termination of corporations is A. The Model Business Corporation Act B. The Uniform Commercial Code C. The Revised Model Business Commercial Code D. The Standard Incorporation Act 2. Which of the following statements is true? A. The exchange of stock for services rendered is not a taxable transaction. B. The repeal of Sec. 351 would result in more existing businesses being incorporated. C. Section 351 was enacted to allow taxpayers to incorporate without incurring adverse tax consequences. D. Section 351 is an example of a negative aspect of the corporate form of business organization. 3. Which of the following statements is true? A. Formation of a partnership requires legal documentation. B. An individual engaged in the active conduct of a business must elect not to be taxed as a partnership. C. If two people (or business entities) work together to carry on any business or financial operation with the intention of making a profit and sharing that profit as co-owners, a partnership exists for federal income tax purposes. D. The partnership form of business creates double-taxation because individual partners are taxed, and the partnership is also taxed as a separate legal entity. Want to download the Final Exam answers..?? Click ACC 497 Final Exam ...
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...¡ ¢ ! ! ! £ ¤ ¥ £ ¦ § ¨ £ © - ! A Case Study of Asset Impairments on Enterprise Issue- Example of a Visual Photonics Company. " # $ % ' & ( ) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 E A @ D C B 93 35 94 12 31 () 35 35 35 IG PHF I 7 1 Abstract Numerous financial scandals have erupted in recent years worldwide. The focus of investors now centers upon whether financial reports truly reflect the value of enterprises. To increase the transparency of financial statements of domestic enterprises, to improve understanding by foreign investors, and to help bring the Taiwan stock market more in-line with international standards, the Financial Accounting Standards Committee of Taiwan promulgated the “Accounting for Impairment of Assets” in its Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 35 on July 1, 2004, which applies to the financial reports of companies with fiscal year ending on December 31, 2004. Companies can also elect to adopt this rule earlier than the required date. Because this is the first time “impairment of assets” accounting is adopted in Taiwan, many enterprises will experience a significant impact. It is also expected that share prices will reflect the “short-term pain for long-term benefits” view in the capital markets. This research paper employs case study methods to investigate the industry ...
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...Chapter 1 — Business Combinations: America's Most Popular Business Activity, Bringing an End to the Controversy MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. An a. b. c. d. economic advantage of a business combination includes Utilizing duplicative assets. Creating separate management teams. Coordinated marketing campaigns. Horizontally combining levels within the marketing chain. C DIF: E OBJ: 1 ANS: 2. A tax advantage of business combination can occur when the existing owner of a company sells out and receives: a. cash to defer the taxable gain as a "tax-free reorganization." b. stock to defer the taxable gain as a "tax-free reorganization." c. cash to create a taxable gain. d. stock to create a taxable gain. ANS: B DIF: E OBJ: 1 3. A controlling interest in a company implies that the parent company a. owns all of the subsidiary's stock. b. has influence over a majority of the subsidiary's assets. c. has paid cash for a majority of the subsidiary's stock. d. has transferred common stock for a majority of the subsidiary's outstanding bonds and debentures. ANS: B DIF: M OBJ: 2 4. Which of the following is a potential abuse that may arise when a business combination is accounted for as a pooling of interests? a. Assets of the buyer may be overvalued when the price paid by the investor is allocated among specific assets. b. Earnings of the pooled entity may be increased because of the combination only and not as a result of efficient operations. c. Liabilities may be undervalued when the price...
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