...variation in speed be kept as low as possible. This is generally done by increasing the number of teeth. For this particular design given, the driver sprocket has 16 teeth, while the driven sprocket is said to have 46 teeth. The formula for speed variation is provided in the textbook on page 890. [pic] (Equation 1) [pic]([pic] (Equation 2) [pic]([pic] (Equation 3) Equations 2 and 3 indicate that speed variations are very small so this aspect of the design is acceptable. The next step is to take a second look at the polygon model of the sprocket. A 5/8” pitch chain specified within the design criteria so both the sprockets should have matching pitches to ensure proper meshing. Diametral pitch is defined as the number of teeth on a gear divided by the pitch diameter. To find the diameter of the sprockets, circumference...
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...*3963103* [3963] – 103 T.E. (Petroleum) (Semester – I) Examination, 2011 DRILLING & PRODUCTION OPERATIONS (2003 Course) Time : 3 Hours Max. Marks : 100 Instructions : 1) Question Nos. 1 and 5 are compulsory. Out of the remaining attempt 2 questions from Section I and 2 questions from Section II. 2) Answers to the two Sections should be written in separate books. 3) Neat diagrams must be drawn wherever necessary. 4) Black figures to the right indicate full marks. 5) Use of Logarithmic Tables, Slide Rule, Mollier Charts, Electronic Pocket Calculator and Steam Tables is allowed. 6) Assume suitable data, if necessary. SECTION – I 1. What are different systems on a drilling rig ? Explain any one in detail with suitable diagramme. 18 2. a) Calculate Bottom hole pressure if well depth is 2500 m and mud weight is 1.2 gm/cc. b) Calculate mud weight if mud gradient is 0.87 psi/ft. ′ c) Calculate volume bbl/meter for drill pipe O.D. = 5′ inch and I.D. = 4.276 inch. 2 2 2 10 8 8 16 d) Draw circulation system on a drilling rig. 3. a) Discuss IADC classification of a bit in details. b) Discuss different factors affecting rate of penetration in details. 4. Write short note on : i) Coring ii) Fishing tools iii) BOP iv) Directional well P.T.O. [3963] – 103 -2- *3963103* SECTION – II 5. a) Discuss different types of casings and function of the casings in brief. b) Discuss different types of well completion techniques. 6. a) Discuss primary cementation process with...
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...1.0 Introduction Custom Gear Inc, is a manufacturer of custom made metal gears weighing from ounces to over 50 pounds in Philadelphia. Custom Gear primarily sells the product to engineering research and development laboratories or very small manufacturers. The gears are made of different metals depending on the customer’s requirements. Over the past year, 40 different types of steel and brass alloys have been used as raw materials. Business has been booming at Custom Gear which is shown through the company lost money for the first two years (2009 and 2010), but made small profits in 2011 and first quarter of 2012.Sales are rapidly increasing in 2009, 2010 and 2011. Through a recent market survey, it indicates that sales will be increase more in the next few years. 1.1 Organizational chart of the company [pic] 1.2 Duties and responsibilities The President of Custom Gear is Mr. Roger Rhodes, the founder of Custom Gear. His responsibilities are: a) Contacts with some of the large customers b) Arranges financing needed by company c) Sits in weekly production meeting d) Discussing on problems like scheduling, employee and also production. The Engineer is responsible on: a) Design company’s products b) Procurement and maintenance of equipment c) Oversee the supervisor/foreman d) Attends weekly production meetings e) Spend most time on factory floor The Expediter: ...
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...without the rest of the tool dragging on the workpiece surface. The angle of the cutting face is also important, as is the flute width, number of flutes or teeth, and margin size. In order to have a long working life, all of the above must be optimized, plus the speeds and feeds at which the tool is run. Spur: Spur gears or straight-cut gears are the simplest type of gear. They consist of a cylinder or disk with the teeth projecting radially, and although they are not straight-sided in form, the edge of each tooth is straight and aligned parallel to the axis of rotation. These gears can be meshed together correctly only if they are fitted to parallel shafts Helical: Helical gears offer a refinement over spur gears. The leading edges of the teeth are not parallel to the axis of rotation, but are set at an angle. Since the gear is curved, this angling causes the tooth shape to be a segment of a helix. Helical gears can be meshed in a parallel or crossed orientations. The former refers to when the shafts are parallel to each other; this is the most common orientation. In the latter, the shafts are non-parallel, and in this configuration are sometimes known as "skew gears"....
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...Carlos L. Castillo, Ph.D. Spring T (t ) θ (t ) Time domain T (t ) = Kθ (t ) Frequency domain K K: spring constant T (s) = K θ (s) Impedance T (s) Z M= = K (s) θ (s) Viscous damper T (t ) θ (t ) Time domain dθ (t ) T (t ) = D dt Frequency domain D D: coefficient of Viscous friction T (s) = D s θ (s) T (s) Z M= = D s (s) θ (s) Impedance Inertia T(t) θ (t ) Time domain d 2θ (t ) T (t ) = J dt 2 J J: moment of inertia Frequency domain T ( s) = Js 2 θ ( s ) T (s) Z M= = J s 2 (s) θ (s) Impedance 1. First, we rotate a body while holding all other points still and place on its free-body diagram all torques due to the body’s own motion Then, holding the body still, we rotate adjacent points of motion one at the time and add the torques due to the adjacent motion to the free-body diagram. 2. ( J1s 2 + D1s + K )θ1 ( s ) − Kθ 2 ( s ) =) T (s − Kθ1 ( s ) + ( J 2 s 2 + D2 s + K )θ 2 ( s ) = 0 ( J1s 2 + D1s + K )θ1 ( s ) 2 − Kθ 2 ( s ) =) T (s − Kθ1 ( s ) + ( J 2 s + D2 s + K )θ 2 ( s ) = 0 Sum of impedances connected to the θ (s) − Sum of impedances θ (s) − Sum of applied between θ andθ 2 torques at θ 1 1 2 1 motion at θ1 Sum of impedances Sum of impedances Sum of applied θ1 ( s ) + connected to the θ 2 ( s) = − torques at θ between θ1and θ 2 2 motion at θ 2 ( s + s + 1)θ1 ( s ) − ( s + 1)θ 2 ( s ) = (...
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...mid rev range to cut, but loosing the low range slightly. SO WHICH IS BETTER? This is a question you should ask yourself. GRAPH 2) Typical revolution vs velocity relation for a 5-speed manual transmission check previous photo. discuss here: https://www.facebook.com/drexchan/posts/279650262057549 **revolution is RPM lah... **velocity is speed lor.... **applicable for automatic transmission too, don't ask. Now, check Graph 2, compare that to your driving style, see which rev range you use most (in normal driving, highway cruising, and sprint). Then compare that with Graph 1, see which type of extractor suits you. Situation A: You are doing a sprint, you will only use zone A (1k rpm to 3k rpm) once or twice and from 3rd gear on wards you will be using zone B (3k rpm to 6k rpm). So you want a 4-1 because it gains more in that range. Whatever gain in zone A (from a 4-2-1) is near to useless to you, and the gain in zone B from a typical 4-2-1 is lower than that from a typical 4-1. So a 4-1 is better for sprint. Situation B: You drive the car in town with traffic and you shift at 4k rpm max. You will need a 4-2-1 because you will be using the low to mid range most. The lost in zone...
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...need a differential gear. A car differential is a place halfway between the wheels, on either the front or both axes. Main mechanisms: Wheels receive power from the motor via drive shaft. The power receiving wheels which makes the vehicle move fowrord are called as the drive wheels. Wheels receive power from the motor via drive shaft. The main function of the differential gear is to allow the drive wheels to turn at different Rpm while from the engine. The main characterics of differential is to, * To aim the engine power at wheels. * To transmit the power to the wheels while allowing them to rotate at differential speeds. the left wheel has to travel more distance compared to the right wheel. If the wheels where connected using a soil shaft. The wheels where connected using a soil shaft. The wheels would have to slip to accomplish the turn. The mechanism in a differential allows left and right wheels to turn at different Rpm, while transferring power to both the wheels. Differential parts: There are three types of gear available, Pinion drive gear: Transfers power from the drive shaft to the ring gear. Ring gear: Transfers power to the differential case assembly Side/Spider gears: Helps both wheels to turn independently while turning. Differential case assembly: Holds the ring gear and other components that drive the real axle. Power flow: First drive shaft spins the pinion gear. Pinion gear turns the larger ring gear. Ring gear attached to differential...
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...One of the most common types of garage door opener systems is the chain drive. It has a fixed motor that drives a sprocket attached to a moving chain. The chain moves a trolley that is attached to the door with a J-arm. While simple in concept, this power transmission system has several moving parts that add up to a lot of noise during operation. Other alternatives such as the screw-drive has fewer moving parts but is noisy nonetheless. On the other hand, the belt drive is quieter but has multiple moving parts that require maintenance and replacement when they wear out. However, a more recent garage door opener design called the direct-drive opener, does away with the power transmission system altogether. How is this possible? Because there...
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...Signs You Shouldn't Ignore Concerning Your Transmission As you may know, your transmissions is one of the main components of your vehicle. It is what keeps your car moving as well as helps hold it in place. Therefore, if it starts acting up, you need to get it looked at immediately. But, how do you know if it is acting up. Below you will find a few signs that should never be ignored. Transmission or Clutch Slipping This is one of the most common transmission issues, yet it is also one of the worst. With how important the transmission is it is understandable that a slipping transmission is dangerous. This often seems like it is popping out of gear. It is also accustomed with a high whine. If you have a manual and you learn your clutch is...
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...Sr. No. System Most Common Field Failures Rigid Tractor Tipper 1 Transmission "1. Syncrocone Carbon Lining Worn Out 2. Gear Box Crash Engagment during 4th / 5th Gear 3. Gear Rear / Front Oil Seal Leakages 4. Followers Damaged / Fork Brass Pad Early Wear 5. Top Gear Slippage " "1. Syncrocone Carbon Lining Worn Out 2. Gear Box Crash Engagment during 4th / 5th Gear 3. Gear Rear / Front Oil Seal Leakages 4. 1st Gear Helical Teeth Damaged 5. Top Gear Slippage / Top Gear Teeth Damaged " "1. Crawler / 1st Gear Teeth Damaged / Early Pitting Observed 2. Hose Breakages between Gear box & Oil Cooler 3. Oil Leakages through Oil Seals 4. Gear box Mounting Bolts found Loose 5. Range Selection Shifting Problems 6. PTO Brg Broken / Damaged 7. PTO Failures " 2 Rear Axle "1. Rear Axle Crown wheel Pinion Teeth Damaged 2. Excessive Backlash 3. Rear Axle Shaft Breakage 4. Tail Pinion Oil Seal Leakages 5. Rear Hub Inner / Outer Bearing Pitting 6. Hub Play Excessive " "1. Rear Axle Crown wheel Pinion Teeth Damaged 2. Excessive Backlash 3. Rear Axle Shaft Breakage 4. Tail Pinion Oil Seal Leakages / Oil Leakages through Carrier Housing Gasket 5. Rear Hub Inner / Outer Bearing Pitting 6. Hub Play Excessive " "1. Rear Axle Crown wheel Pinion Teeth Damaged 2. Excessive Backlash 3. Rear Axle Shaft Breakage 4. Tail Pinion Oil Seal Leakages / Oil Leakages through Carrier Housing Gasket 5. Rear Hub Inner / Outer Bearing Pitting 6. Rear Tandem Axle Dom Plate...
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...Crossing the Chasm What’s New? What’s Not? Strategic Management of Emerging Technology Hult School of International Business May 23, 2014 Disruptive Innovation Sources of Wealth Creation in the Current Decade • Eating other people’s lunch • Software eats hardware • Op ex eats cap ex • Services eat products • Leveraging next-generation technology • • • • Social Mobile Analytics Cloud 2 Marketing Disruptive Innovation • High Risk What Makes High-Tech Marketing Different? • Unproven products and promises • Incompatible and incomplete infrastructure • Social resistance to change • Low Data • No product history • No company track record • No best practices 3 Category Maturity Life Cycle Indefinitely elastic middle The Evolution of a Disruptive Innovation Secular Growth Revenue Growth Cyclical Growth Secular Decline A Emerging Market B Growth Market C Mature Market D Declining Market Catch Next Wave Fault Line! E End of Life Technology Adoption Life Cycle Focus for today 4 Time The Technology Adoption Life Cycle The Initial Dynamics of Disruptive Innovation 5 Innovators - Technology Enthusiasts 6 Innovators - Technology Enthusiasts • Primary Motivation: • Learn about new technologies for their own sake • Key Characteristics: • Strong aptitude for technical information • Like to alpha test new products • Can ignore the missing elements • Do whatever they...
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...The International Journal Of Engineering And Science (IJES) ||Volume|| 2 ||Issue|| 11 ||Pages|| 25-27 ||2013|| ISSN (e): 2319 – 1813 ISSN (p): 2319 – 1805 Electricity Generation from Speed Breakers 1 1, 2, 3 Aniket Mishra, 2Pratik Kale, 3Atul Kamble Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth college of engineering ---------------------------------------------------------ABSTRACT----------------------------------------------------------Energy is the primary need for survival of all organisms in the universe. Everything what happens in the surrounding is the expression of flow of energy in one of the forms. But in this fast moving world, population is increasing day by day and the conventional energy sources are lessening. The extensive usage of energy has resulted in an energy crisis over the few years. Therefore to overcome this problem we need to implement the techniques of optimal utilization of conventional sources for conservation of energy. My paper includes how to utilize the energy which is wasted when the vehicles passes over a speed breaker. Lots of energy is generated when vehicle passes over it. We can tap the energy generated and produce power by using the speed breaker as power generating unit. The kinetic energy of the moving vehicles can be converted into mechanical energy of the shaft through rack and pinion mechanism. Then, this mechanical energy will be converted to electrical energy using generator which will be saved...
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...Spur Gears General: Spur gears are the most commonly used gear type. They are characterized by teeth which are perpendicular to the face of the gear. Spur gears are by far the most commonly available, and are generally the least expensive. The basic descriptive geometry for a spur gear is shown in the figure below. Limitations: Spur gears generally cannot be used when a direction change between the two shafts is required. Advantages:Spur gears are easy to find, inexpensive, and efficient. Helical Gears General: Helical gears are similar to the spur gear except that the teeth are at an angle to the shaft, rather than parallel to it as in a spur gear. (See the references for more specific information). The resulting teeth are longer than the teeth on a spur gear of equivalent pitch diameter. The longer teeth cause helical gears to have the following differences from spur gears of the same size: o o o Tooth strength is greater because the teeth are longer, Greater surface contact on the teeth allows a helical gear to carry more load than a spur gear The longer surface of contact reduces the efficiency of a helical gear relative to a spur gear Helical gears may be used to mesh two shafts that are not parallel, although they are still primarily use in parallel shaft applications. A special application in which helical gears are used is a crossed gear mesh, in which the two shafts are perpendicular to each other: The basic descriptive geometry for a helical...
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...Today in the modern world, gears are used in everyday activities, from cars to washing machines. There are various types of gears such as spur, internal, helical, skew, bevel, etc. Each of these gears has a different purpose, such as bevel gears are used to change the rotational motion to a different axis. Spur gears are used to this effect in washing machines, blenders, clothes dryers, construction equipment, fuel pumps, and mills. Lower gear ratios in the transmission and the back of the car allow for faster speed, but slower acceleration. Higher gear ratios in the transmission and the back of the car allow for slower faster speed but faster acceleration (Yoshino, 2014). Changing the gear ratio would affect how fast a car would go in with each ratio. The gear ratio of a gear train, also known as its speed ratio, is the ratio of the angular velocity of the input gear to the angular velocity of the output gear. The torque ratio of a gear system is also known as mechanical advantage, this is determined by its...
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...|JAIDEEP SINGH | | |Male, 21 years |English, Hindi | |Academic Qualifications | |Year |Degree |Institution |Board/University |Subjects/Specialization |% | |2014 |B.Tech |Delhi Technological University |Deemed |Mechanical |60 | |2010 |12th |ISDSSS School, Chandigarh |CBSE |PCM |87.2 | |2008 |10th |Army School, Saugor |CBSE |General |84 | |Academic and Professional Achievements | |Got Best student award in 12th standard for overall performance in 2009-10 session |2010 | |96.4 percentile in AIEEE-2010, Scored 95/100 - highest marks in chemistry...
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