...will taking care the children better than the mother. Is it real? The question From the novel connect to the real situation in Bangladesh. By year 2008,the Bangladesh government has pushed ahead with a new National Women’s Development Policy (NWDP).The Bangladesh’s image from the world view was better than the past and it attracted many investor to invest the business in the country. Even through Bangladesh’s government attempt to prove the image of masculine social to Gender equality social in the globalization age, with many evidence such as the statistic of rape, gang rape, murder, torture and acid throwing to the women showed the increase number that the government policies in women’s right are fail. In the deep-seated culture that man is dominating society. It seems not easy for Government to solve the women’s right problem in Bangladesh for few years. However, the discrimination against women in Bangladesh might be able solve if the government solve three main problems: Educated the citizen, Gender equal employment, and Women's rights in politic. The pictures of Sexual Oppression in Bangladesh are common and easy to see in every place in this country. For example,...
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...INTRODUCTION 2.1 Abstract 2.2 Introduction 2.3 Methodology 2. DISCUSSTION 3.4 Acceptance of homosexuality in specific situations 3.5.1 Teacher 3.5.2 Friend 3.5.3 Family member 3.5 Homosexual celebrities 3.6.4 Attitudes towards homosexual celebrities 3.6.5 Influence of homosexual celebrities 3.6 Homosexuality in public 3.7.6 Education and knowledge in homosexuality 3.7.7 Anti-discrimination in educational 3.7.8 Anti-discrimination in workplace 3. CONCLUSION 4. RECOMMENDATIONS 5. WORKS CITED 6. APPENDIX | Page23456-78-999-1011-1212-131414-1516-17181920-22 | List of Figures Figure 1.1 Gender of respondentsFigure 1.2 Age group of respondentsFigure 2.1 Acceptance of homosexuality in friendsFigure 2.2 Acceptance of homosexuality in teachersFigure 2.3 Factors affect the level of acceptance of having homosexual teachersFigure 2.4 Acceptance of homosexuality in family membersFigure 2.5 Acceptance of homosexuality in celebritiesFigure 2.6 Homosexual celebrities possessing positive influence on the public's attitudeFigure 2.7 The impact of homosexual celebritiesFigure 2.8 The stand of setting up a law to prevent homosexual...
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...Intersectionality of Gender Inequality Name: Institution: Intersectionality of Gender Inequality For many decades, women have experienced all forms of oppression and constant violence that threatened their existence in the male-dominated society. Various forms of discrimination and oppression have been directed to women for decades. Violence directed at women such as rape and battery were seen and treated as isolated scenarios. However, as the need to foster gender equality took pace, such oppressive actions are now perceived as elements of a wider system of dominance in the society that that needs to be addressed as a whole rather than in singularity (Crenshaw et al., 2013). Intersectionality is a concept that was developed by Kimberlé Crenshaw to describe the interconnections between oppressive institutions such as sexism and racism and their interaction in propagating discrimination and oppression in the society (Crenshaw et al., 2013). The concept of Intersectionality therefore, argues that, the oppressive institutions in the society cannot be handled separate from each other but rather should be addressed as a system that collectively form a system of oppression in the society. Gender inequality entails unequal treatment of individuals on the basis of their gender (Crenshaw et al., 2013). This form of discrimination has roots in social constructions and cultural norms and values which...
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...still a universal problem. This paper will explore the phenomenon gender-based violence in Hong Kong as compared to the global situation. An extensive literature review was conducted to explore the existing theories and risk factors associated with domestic violence. A qualitative study of women victims was then undertaken to gain further insight on the current gender-based violence situation in Hong Kong. In the discussion, the limitations of the study were examined and the results were compared of with literature findings. A STUDY ON GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE IN HONG KONG INTRODUCTION Worldwide Phenomenon of Gender-based Violence Domestic Violence has endangered the lives and well-being of millions of women worldwide. This is no longer a private matter between individual family members but should be recognized “as an obstacle to equality, and as an intolerable offence to human dignity”. (United Nations, 1996). In a statement to the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing in September 1995, the United Nations Secretary-General, Boutros Boutros-Ghali, said that violence against women is a universal problem that must be universally condemned. Studies in 10 countries have found that between 17 per cent and 38 per cent of women have suffered physical assaults by a partner (United Nations, 1995). The United Nation (1995) defines violence against women as “any act of gender-based violence that results in, or is likely to result in, physical...
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...1990. It was used to keep the black and white populations separate. Under apartheid, the rights, associations, and movements of the majority black inhabitants and other ethnic groups were curtailed and Afrikaner minority rule was maintained. British citizen: A British citizen is someone that gained British nationality because they are connected with the UK. British dependent territories citizens: People who live in dependent British colonies like Gibraltar and British Virgin Islands. British Overseas citizens: Groups of people who have a connection with the UK because they lived in a former British colony that is now independent. British Nationals (Overseas): People from Hong Kong were given the chance to acquire this status as many were unhappy at the thought of losing British nationality when Hong Kong was returned to China in 1997. British protected persons: Individuals who had a connection with a former British Protectorate. This is an overseas territory that Britain used to protect, such as the country of Brunei. British subjects: It refers in British nationality law, to a limited class of people defined by Part IV of the British Nationality Act 1981. Under that Act, two groups of people became "British subjects"; the first were people from the Republic of Ireland born before 1949 who already claimed subject status, and the second covered a number of people who had previously been considered "British subjects without citizenship", and were not considered citizens of...
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...Filipinos helpers in Hong Kong are at the risk of being maltreated Introduction Castillo Clariza Avenales who was in her age of 33, had her right thumb being chopped by her male employer after she reported his sexual misconduct to his wife last year. She was not the first one experienced such an unfortunate incident. Hong Kong, which comes to the top rank in world domestic labor employment, has long been seen as somewhere nearby to earn good salaries for better livings by the Filipinos. However, these people might place themselves under the danger of being abused in this workplace. In a 2001 survey conducted by the Hong Kong Human Rights Monitor which is a shadow committee of the United Nations, 1000 maids out of 2500 claimed they were physically abused while 175 of them said they were either harassed or raped. (Stafford, 2001, p. 5) This number was underestimated, according to the Hong Kong Overseas Maid-Employer Association dean, since it was not precise and scientific enough as the police figures which the authorities never revealed. It is actually not uncommon to see Filipinos getting involved in discrimination, unfair treatments, and even violence. Discrimination, unfair treatments, abuses and violence Gatmaytan (1997) stated that “Filipinas are imported by other countries for jobs their own citizens will not perform and for wages domestic citizens would not accept,” (p. 247) which is very true. In Hong Kong, Filipinos are receiving salaries that two times or...
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...a different culture. Working through those differences has become a necessity for business today in the fast growing global market. To successfully do business in the international market it has become critical to understand other cultures that you may be doing business with. To fully understand different cultures we need to explore the dimensions of different cultures. To effectively begin to understand different cultures you will need to identify whether the culture is a high-context culture or a low context-culture. In high-context culture, people rely heavily on nonverbal and subtle situational messages when communicating with others (Kreitner, 2009 pg 97). This type of culture is highly important when doing business in Japan and Hong Kong. People from low-context cultures convey messages and meaning primarily with words (Kreitner, 2009 pg 97). This type of culture is highly important when doing business in Germany and Great Britain. To gain even further in-depth understanding of other cultures we will look at nine different dimensions. The first dimension to focus on is the power distance. This dimension analysis the extent to which the less powerful members of society expect and accept that power is distributed unequally ("Making sense of," 2009). The fundamental issue here is how society handles inequalities among people. People in societies exhibiting a large degree of power distance accept a hierarchical order in which everybody has a place and which needs no further...
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...The Importance of Understanding Culture in International Business | Business Management in an International Context | | The increasing number of interactions between independent countries, companies and people has highlighted the importance of an understanding of global cultures, both national and organisational. Culture plays a large role in the way individuals behave and interact with one another and therefore plays an important role in business interactions across cultures. Many definitions of culture are offered, but one more relevant to culture in international business is : “Culture is the way in which a group of people solves problems and reconciles dilemmas.” (E.Schein 1985) The first way in which countries can be broadly categorized is into either a high context or a low context culture. High context cultures place more emphasis on the importance of group identity. They have a high sensory involvement and participate more readily in bodily contact. Low context cultures prioritise individualistic properties. They use body language less frequently and are monochronic thus placing a high importance on timing and scheduling. Most Northern European countries and other western societies are low context cultures. It has been suggested by the acclaimed social scientist, Norbert Elias (1978) that the development of society and the basis of its’ cultural contexts are closely associated with the prominent historical groups of the region leading to an establishment...
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...org/ethics/responsible/en/pdf/brochure_e.pdf Private Sector Commitment to the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism In 2011, UNWTO formulated a Private Sector Commitment to the Global Code of Ethics for Tourism, for the signature of private enterprises worldwide. In signing the commitment, companies pledge to uphold, promote and implement the values of responsible and sustainable tourism development championed by the Code. They further undertake to report on their implementation of the Code's principles in their corporate governance to the World Committee on Tourism Ethics. A special focus on social, cultural and economic matters is one of the main objectives of the Commitment, which draws particular attention to issues such as human rights, social inclusion, gender equality, accessibility, and the protection of vulnerable groups and host communities. As of August 2013, 143 companies and associations from around the world have signed the Private Sector Commitment to...
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...edu/women-in-martial-arts-cinema/. This article offers a critique of the tropes still plaguing women in martial arts movies, using Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and Hero as specific examples. Louie, Kam. “Hero: The Return of a Traditional Masculine Ideal in China.” In Chinese Films in Focus II, edited by Chris Berry, 137-143. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008. Compiled and edited by Chris Berry, Chinese Films in Focus II contains a compendium of critical analyses centered around various popular and significant Chinese films. In the essay “Hero: The Return of a Traditional Masculine Ideal in China”, Kam Louie outlines the Chinese concept of wen-wu and its influence on the development of gender roles and cultural perceptions of masculinity present within the film. —. Theorising Chinese Masculinity: Society and Gender in China. China: Everbest Printing Co, 2002. In this novel, Louie elaborates on the wen-wu concept and its relevance to conceptions of masculinity within Chinese culture. Theorising Chinese Masculinity provides valuable insight into the origins of Chinese masculinity ideals and the information provided is crucial for a complete understanding of the culture behind the creation of Nameless in Hero as well as a better understanding of Chinese culture as a...
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...EMBEDDING EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES IN THE CURRICULUM 1 Rights and Responsibilities Curriculum of Inclusion Inclusive Learning Responding To Diversity Discrimination, Harassment and Bullying Celebrating the diversity of achievement Learning Support Needs and interests of communities Respecting Diversity Beyond Europe – Encompassing World knowledge in Teaching & Learning Learner Support Skills and Knowledge for Work in the Multicultural World Differentiation of Teaching and Learning Citizenship Legal Compliance Ofsted Inspection EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES IN THE VOCATIONAL CURRICULUM ©Gordon Ffrench Associates Depending on the nature of the subject and the learners, it includes some or all of the following ingredients: Inclusive teaching which takes account of the diverse learning needs, styles and preferences of learners. Responsive teaching which aims to manage the learning experience in a way which empowers and validates the diverse perspectives of learners. ©Gordon Ffrench Associates 3 Anti-discriminatory teaching which teaches learners about their rights and responsibilities to each other in the classroom, the workplace and the wider society. Attitudinal teaching which fosters understanding of how stereotyped attitudes and prejudiced thinking damage relationships, hinder communication and are therefore bad for education and bad for business. Diversity teaching which acknowledges and celebrates the contributions of men and women of all backgrounds, ages...
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...are the measurements of social worker to determine if social justice exists in a community. The outcome of injustice increasingly widens the disparity between poverty and richness, and it reflects the flaws of institution have been rooted into the community. When the lowest levels of hierarchy are doubted their contribution to the society, who is willing to listen, understand their situations and stand up for them? Social Justice / Against Child Abuse: I never thought about that until I was admitted to an internship program at Against Child Abuse, a non-profit organization in Hong Kong where it plays a role of handling child abuse cases. In this internship program I was placed to work in three different areas: case investigation,...
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...today, this is mainly due to the fact that the government retains the colonial era penal code criminalizing sodomy and shaped by Islam, the official religion in Malaysia. In addition to the secular law, Muslim citizens may also be charged in special Islamic courts, the Syariah Court. In this report we will discuss the religious perspective of Asian and Western countries about homosexuality. We will go through the meaning of homosexuality in detail and ethical perspectives between Asian countries and western countries. Revealing statistical numbers on homosexuality problems and suggestions on how to be ethical when dealing with sexuality. We will also list Asian and western countries around the world that have conformed and accepted gender equality and those who haven’t due to restrictions. Our main mission is to identify the difference between Asian and Western countries, this is due to the fact that Asian countries condone homosexuality and subject themselves to their traditional ways and teachings while on the other...
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...The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/0268-6902.htm An empirical comparison of non-Big 4 and Big 4 auditors’ perceptions of auditor independence Non-Big 4 and Big 4 auditors’ perceptions 917 Philip Law Department of Accounting, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau Abstract Purpose – Perceived independence is one of the corner-stones in auditing theory. Despite prior research on auditor independence, the results are inconclusive. The lack of research in the Hong Kong ´ˆ auditing environment motivates this study, particularly following the Enron debacle. The purpose of this paper is to examine the non-audit services (NASs), competition, rank and types of auditors, in respect of the independence problem as it relates to the practices of Hong Kong auditors in the post-Enron environment. Design/methodology/approach – Four independent variables identified from literature gaps are examined, namely NASs, levels of competition, auditors of different ranks and types of auditors. Mixed ANOVA are employed to analyze survey responses from 207 “Big 4” and 185 “non-Big 4” auditors. Findings – Results of the study show that the provisions of NASs and high competition could have a negative influence on auditors’ perceptions of independence. Second, auditors’ perceptions that the influence of NASs on independence depends on an individual auditor’s rank are supported. Senior managers...
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... It is a mass organization of Chinese women of all ethnic groups in all walks of life, striving for women’s advancement. Its mission is to represent and safeguard women’s rights and interests and to promote equality between women and men. ACWF is also a member of the National Working Committee on Women and Children under the State Council. It is in consultative status with the ECOSOC of the United Nations. INTRODUCTION Sustainable development, as a visionary development paradigm shift, represents a big step forward in the progress of human society. It demonstrates the resolve and efforts of people around the world to ensure sound development and the well-being of the current and future generations. Sustainable development can neither be achieved nor sustained without the participation of women who are an important driving force. The United Nations and member states have already initiated different kinds of activities to prepare for the Rio+20 Summit. Both sustainable development and empowerment of women are considered a priority of the United Nations in 2011. As such, it is of special significance to reflect women’s needs and concerns and heed women’s voices in the preparations for the 2012 UN Conference on Sustainable Development, and to incorporate gender perspectives into the final document of Rio +20. It is out of these considerations that the All China Women’s Federation hosts the International Forum on Women and Sustainable Development in Beijing. GOAL...
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