... Today our discussion will focus on one issue about gender gap. We will address this issue known as ‘glass ceiling’, it is metaphor which is used to describe an invisible barrier between genders. We will look at how serious .. II. Definition 1.A glass ceiling is a political term used to describe "the unseen, yet unbreachable barrier that keeps minorities and women from rising to the upper rungs of the corporate ladder, regardless of their qualifications or achievements." Reference From: Federal Glass Ceiling Commission. Solid Investments: Making Full Use of the Nation's Human Capital. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Labor, November 1995, p. 4. 2. The glass ceiling metaphor has often been used to describe invisible barriers ("glass") through which women can see elite positions but cannot reach them ("ceiling"). Reference From: Davies-Netzley, Sally A. (1998). Women above the Glass Ceiling: Perceptions on Corporate Mobility and Strategies for Success. Gender and Society, Vol. 12, No. 3, p. 340. III. Current Situation How serious? I believe that the problems still exist, however, it is disparate allover the world...especially among developed counties and developing countries. The gender gap report produced by the international team of scholars in 2011, indicated that such countries, as Iceland, Norway, Finland, Sweden, basically achieved gender equity. It is also illustrated these countries also were...
Words: 678 - Pages: 3
...65-82 ISSN 2152-1034 Gender Compensation Discrimination: An Exploration of Gender Compensation Gap and the Higher Education Connection Judith E. Grey-Bowen, Miami-Dade County Public Schools Donovan A. McFarlane, The Donovan Society LLC and Frederick Taylor University Abstract The purpose of this paper is to examine the gender gap and the potential factors that contribute to income inequality. Since the passing of the equal pay act, the median weekly earnings of women is still just seventy eight cents on each dollar that men earn (Center for American Progress, 2010). To put this in context, the pay gap in 1970 was sixty two cents and in 1992 it was seventy five cents (Institute for Women’s Research, 1993). Undervaluation of women’s work, occupational gender segregation, and discriminatory treatment in the workplace continue to hamper efforts to reduce the gender pay gap. A pay check is women’s and men’s most important source of income. Therefore, it is surprising, discriminatory and unfair to know that after both genders have worked satisfactorily on the same job; they do not receive the same pay. The gender pay gap is the best way to measure pay inequality between men and women. The authors discuss Gender Compensation Discrimination and examine the historical trends in pay difference, the various causes and the methods and paths considered for closing the Gender Compensation Gap. Key words: Gender Compensation Discrimination, Gender Compensation Gap, Equality, Rights and...
Words: 9335 - Pages: 38
...year prior. The gender wage gap is quite the topic of discussion. Some don’t believe in it, some struggle to live through it. The first equal pay act was made in 1963, and yet things haven’t changed much. Recently in 2014, President Obama had made some new laws to decrease the gap. One act was supposed to make it so prohibit federal contractors from retaliating against employees that share wage information. Unfortunately, the republican vote in senate declined these acts and shattered the opportunity to fix the wage gap. Most people don’t know the serious impact of the gap because a lot...
Words: 1389 - Pages: 6
...Running Head: The Gender Achievement Gap 1 The Gender Achievement Gap Clint Overstreet 2 The No Child Left Behind Act requires that states bring students up to the "proficient" level on state tests and individual schools have to meet state “adequate yearly progress.” This mandate targets not only all “typical” students, but students from all demographics. With this factor of accountability, as well as school success, many researchers have studied the gap in educational achievement and how these gaps can be lessened. The most noted gaps in academic success include the areas of gender, socioeconomic status, race, students with disabilities, and ethnicity (2001). Gender has been one of the areas in which the notable gap in achievement has been studied. Researchers have studied this trend for many years. They attribute this discrepancy in gender achievement to a number of various factors. Possible influences in this gap include: culture, biological factors, theories in gender behavior, and school attitudes and factors (2008). The longtime concern regarding the role gender plays in academic success has been the grounds for numerous studies around the globe. Our culture has strong imbedded ideals on the role of males and females. Although, changes in these roles continue to evolve there continue to be underlying ideals and behaviors, which are often unintentional, which dictate how we view the...
Words: 2042 - Pages: 9
...The Gender Achievement Gap Rena Godfrey Capella University ED5540 Strategies for Eliminating the Achievement Gap Quarter & Year: Fall 2013 Email: godfreyrena@gmail.com Instructor: Marge Zuba, Ed.D. Gender Achievement Gap One of the most interesting and actively debated areas in educational research concerns the gender-based achievement gaps in math and science. Despite research efforts and statistical data backing up the notion that girls are falling behind in math and science, there still continues to be significant gender-based achievement gaps that are perpetuated by “insidious gender lessons, micro-inequities…that chip away at girls’ achievement and self-esteem” (Sadker & Sadker, 1994). Research studies shed light on significant decreases in girls’ achievement rates in math and science as early as middle school that continues to decrease into high school. Although the achievement gap in math has declined in recent years (AAUW, 1999), girls consistently score lower on the SAT and ACT than boys do, and the gap does not narrow in college. Researchers struggling to identify the origins of gender differences have examined a range of theories, including biological, environmental, cultural, and cognitive developmental approaches to gender differences. What is Gender Equity? Gender equity implies being treated equally fair for both male and female. Gender refers to the social roles of men and women, and boys and girls, as well as the relationships...
Words: 3760 - Pages: 16
...about throughout the decades is the pay gap between men and women. The pay gap began in the past and has continued to be a consistent problem throughout time. The issue of pay equity has been mentioned in multiple speeches in order to sway the public’s opinion on whether or not policy changes need to be made in workplaces across the country. As big as the publicity surrounding the pay gap between men and women is, researchers have found that the gender pay gap is not as wide as some people...
Words: 2008 - Pages: 9
...Closing the Gender Pay Gap Through Compensation Strategies Abstract The purpose of this research assignment is to identify the causes of the gender wage gap and how to combat them using compensation strategies. Currently women make less than men for doing equally comparable work in many industries. In order to design a fair and transparent structure we can follow a pay for performance pay structure. This incorporates values that are important to a companies HR strategy and business strategy that untimely reflect the business to the public and possible talent. In today’s market, organizations are facing a gender pay gap issue. Currently women in the labor market can make less than a man for a number of different reasons. Through research and investigation we determine how we got into the situation we are in today, concerning demographics and historical changes; and what actions we take from here to ensure equality within the workforce across each gender concerning pay structure. The demographics of today’s workforce are significantly different than those of the early 1920’s. Our massive industrial boom caused the need for employees to skyrocket. The products that came into the market made everyday life easier such as radios and the finely tuned automobile. However, at this time, women were often contributors to other industries where they could use their knowledge of household items and techniques. The United States Department Of Labor states, “Prior to World War...
Words: 3020 - Pages: 13
...GENDER WAGE GAP INTRODUCTION Nowadays there are a lot of women graduates from universities, master programs and colleges. Also some studies showed that women are doing better in school then men (Buchmann, 2006). So why are women still not getting paid equally as men? We see that the gap is getting narrower and narrower throughout the years. However, pay gap between men and women still exist. After World War II, women were paid 60% of what men paid. This situation got better in 2000s. Studies showed that in 2009, women earn 80% of what men earn after one year they graduate from college (Day and Hill, 2007). Even though women's level of education is getting higher throughout the years, this improvement is not enough to getting pay equally as men. Women are continuing to earn less than men on average, and the convergence is not enough to compensate the gap in the upcoming years. This paper focuses on the worldwide gender pay gap and it gives general insights about the issue. I will try to explain the reasons of the gender pay gap between men and women. At the first part, I will briefly look at the issue historically. I will try to explain the trends of pay gay throughout the years. I will analyze the gender wage gap starting from the post World War II period. At the second part, I will explain some theories and studies about the reasons of gender wage gap. Some theories attribute this situation to “gender-specific”...
Words: 2614 - Pages: 11
...The gender wage gap is a persistent issue in the United States workforce. While many prominent researchers and government leaders have put their support behind ending the gender wage gap, there are still those that believe that the gender wage gap does not exist. I will argue that the gender wage gap does exist, what factors contribute to it, and what steps should be taken to help reduce it. The gender wage gap is the term to describe the amount women make, on average, to what men make. Generally speaking, the wages that are tabulated come from the Current Population Survey, which is a monthly report funded by the US government (Hill 6). The formula is simple: the difference of women’s wage subtracted from men’s, divided by men’s (Hill 6)....
Words: 1624 - Pages: 7
...The gender wage gap has been an issue in the United States for many years. People argue that women in the workforce get paid less than what men in the workforce do, even if they are working with the same educational experience and same position. This topic interests me because I am surprised that people in the United States in 2015 are still treating women as inferior to men. I have always heard about the gender wage gap problem in the news on television or online. Something that I already know about this topic is that women get treated unfairly in the workforce when it comes to getting paid. Employers don’t pay women as much money as they pay men in the same field throughout the year or even throughout the month. The main questions I want...
Words: 393 - Pages: 2
...Since legislation began in 1963 the gender wage gap has been closing by one fifth of a cent per year (Lips). The question is then, why has it taken so long for the gender gap to close? The answer is sexism and stereotyping. The main reason why women have not reached equal pay is because the culture is still very sexist and promotes gender stereotypes. This culture is started at a very young age during school. According to an article by D. Sadker, M. Sadker, and Zittleman, “Research has documented how teachers call on boys more often, wait longer for boys’ responses, and provide more precise feedback to boys in classroom settings. Moreover when students ask for help with difficult problems presented in the classroom, teachers tend to encourage...
Words: 2105 - Pages: 9
...In today’s society, people are not afraid to voice out their own opinions to the world, as alarming or controversial they may be. Jennifer Lawrence decided to voice out her own frustrations at the sexist industry she’s working in and took her stance on Hollywood’s gender pay gap issue. Her essay about the topic went viral as soon as she released it and media outlets were all over it. Most were quick to jump on equal pay bandwagon, applauding her efforts in giving a voice to the issue whereas only a few opinion pieces took a stance against the popular opinion and discussed what was wrong with the points Lawrence had made. The two opinion pieces I will be comparing both present a different angle and point of view on the gender gap essay and...
Words: 900 - Pages: 4
...Gender Wage Gap Since 1964, women have only gained 18 cents on average in terms of equal pay. It is a battle that continues to be fought daily; countless court cases and proposals to enact legislation. The gender wage gap in the United States, unbeknownst to many, exists and is affecting nearly half of the workforce. While there has been progress, such as the Equal Pay Act of 1964 and the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Restoration Act, women still only earn approximately 77 cents to a man’s dollar. There are many common excuses as to why the wage gap between men and women exists but several studies and extensive research reveal that women are simply paid less than their male counterparts working in the same position. Recent legislation has failed...
Words: 1242 - Pages: 5
...United States typically were paid just 78 percent of what men were paid, a gap of 21 percent? This calls for a change. “Gender pay gap is the difference between women and men’s average weekly full-time equivalent earnings, expressed as a percentage of men’s earnings.” (Work Place Gender Equality, 2016) Some argue that the gender gap can be influenced by societal factors and stereotypes while other ssay that the gap is formed strictly from the differences in education levels and preferred industries chosen after college. The gender gap affects woman of all backgrounds and all ages. This is an ongoing issue from the past and now has become a very evident problem in our modern day society....
Words: 981 - Pages: 4
...is the wage gap, primarily the separation of equal pay between the two genders. Women have been disregarded as equals in America for generations, especially in the workforce. As this situation continues, women are consistently tasked with similar financial difficulties that a man encounters, all while earning less wages overall. This paper will discuss this problem thoroughly, while also offering a solution on how to rid of the culture that supports this ongoing predicament. In order to ensure a better future for everyone, the wage gap must be transformed into a memory and not a reality. The gender wage gap is the worst...
Words: 1205 - Pages: 5