...notable differences in the speaking styles of women and men? In antiquity, the answer was a simple and fascinating ‘yes’. In his essay “Sex Differences”, Ronald Macaulay believes there is no differences as such that affects language acquisition, although social factors interfere in the way they both talk. In contrast, Janet Holmes expresses in her essay “Women talk too much” that language is biased because it is men who have positions of power and seek authority, who judges when talk is too much, when its appropriate, and that women assert themselves less when speech is more valued. As we progress, we shall examine more closely their positions and expose the nature of their claims. In fact, the use and style in language has no bearing on one’s gender. The way one communicates with others has much to do with personal life experiences, self-image, and the overall make up of our personality and character. According to Macaulay, women are more straightforward and use the language in a simpler manner while men tend to be more creative. First of all, men are associated with toughness and aggression, sometimes boldness whereas women are associated with sweetness, being innocent, shy and loyal. These talks are not to be used to judge each of the sexes although in certain occasions they are. Secondly, the author discusses the difference between men and women in the way they develop the language to suit their tone and personality. Various studies prove that women are more likely to...
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...Name (optional):____________________________________ Age: ___ 11-14 ___ 15-18 ___19-22 Gender: ___Female ___Male ___Third Sex DIRECTION: Put a check on a line for your answer. 1. Are you one of the people who uses gay lingo? ___ Yes ___ No ___ No comment 2. Where did you learned/hear this lingo? ___ Friend ___ Third Sex ___ Online Surfing ___ Member of the family ___ No comment 3. The reason you are using this lingo? ___ It’s interesting ___ Faster Communication ___ because it is popular ___ No Comment 4. Are you using gay lingo when you are arguing or fighting with someone? ___ Always ___ Sometimes ___ Never ___ No Comment 5. Where do you usually speak gay lingo? ___ When texting ___ When talking to my friends ___ No comment 6. Is there any disadvantage when you are speaking gay lingo? ___ Yes ___ None ___ No comment 7. What is your view/opinion about gay lingo? ___ It destroy our culture ___ A very interesting language that can express their own thoughts or feelings. ___ A language that I can never fully understand ___ No comment 8. Are you in favor on using this language (gay lingo)? ___ Yes ___ No ___ No comment 9. If yes or no, why should or shouldn’t we continue to use this language? ___ I can express more about myself ___ It is not helpful to my academic aspect ___ It is informal and not appropriate to use in other occasion ___ No comment 10. Situation | Always | Sometimes...
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...Gender is a fundamental feature of popular music. It is evident that gender is one of the main factors in which shape ones identity. When discussing popular music, scholars often emphasize the “distinction between biological reality of sex and the cultural category of gender” (Magrini 2003:1). Your sex refers to your “biological phenomena”, whether you are heterosexual, homosexual etc, however, your gender insinuates the expected rules, behaviours and expectations considered appropriate for being a female or a male (Magrini 2003:1). In this essay I will discuss how, Judith Butler, Simon Frith, Angela McRobbie and Kristen Schilt explore how ‘traditional gender norms’ continue throughout popular music. Judith Butler looked at how gender is a ‘performance’ and that we need to break the traditional gender binaries. Simon Frith and Angela McRobbie discussed how Rock music is male dominated and that women are more or less in the background. Finally, Kristen Schilt discusses how the band Riot Grrrl portrayed girl power, and how Riot Grrrl associated bands tried to keep the girl power going, but still conformed to the traditional female stereotypes, the very thing they were trying to get away from. Describing gender, Butler states that gender is in fact ‘performed.’ We are performing gender as we behave, walk and talk in ways which connects human beings to impressions of being a male or being a female. She argues that there is “an unwitting regulation and reification of gender relations”...
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...Deloitte & Touches’ revolutionary implementation of Women’s Initiative, serves as one of the most transformational changes any company has ever seen. Deloitte thought women were leaving their company in order to fulfill their wifely and motherly duties. The truth of the matter is they left due to not being considered for partnership roles. When CEO Mike Cook at the time realized the significant impact it was having on the business, he implemented a two day intensive workshop for “the Retention and Advancement of Women”. Implementing Women’s Initiative led to a solid foundation surrounded by an environment full of support and development of not just women but men as well. In reading the Women’s Initiative Annual report I felt that women as buyers (WAB) serve as an advancement towards this movement. Currently women account for 85% of all consumer purchases. Deloitte recognized that women executives within the marketplace were increasing. Currently Deloitte is offering a WAB workshop to its professionals in order to better understand the way women process there purchasing decisions. Such examples of how women provided a trusting relationship amongst their clients by providing personal life stories and their way of paying close attention to detail. The WAB has provided other lessons as well for both men and women: 1. Women have a tendency to sit “ face to face” where are men seat beside themselves and consider their mail client “ Right-hand man” 2. Women...
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...Joel Johnson English IV – Period 1 Mr. Brunson 02/21/2013 Lady Macbeth: A Monstrous Feminine In classic literature, women traditionally have been characterized as the “weaker vessel”, meaning that because they possess feminine qualities, they are weaker than men; however, this does not appear to be the case with Lady Macbeth. At the first glimpse of Lady Macbeth, she is a character of deep mystery and unknown motivations. These motivations manifest themselves into a sort of sexual lust for power, which gives her the image of having strong, raw power. Yet this strong, powerful image transforms into a weak woman with no self-control. Upon receiving her husband’s letter about the witches’ prophesies, she attempts to be like a man in order to exude the strength needed to gain additional social status as royalty. This can be seen when she says, “The raven himself is hoarse that croaks the fatal entrance of Duncan under my battlements. Come, you spirits that tend on mortal thoughts, unsex me here, and fill me from the crown to the toe topful of direst cruelty!” (Macbeth 1.5. 38-43). She isn't sure there's enough manhood to go around between herself and her husband, so she calls upon scheming spirits to "unsex me here." This is her vivid way of asking to be stripped of feminine weakness and invested with masculine resolve. She imagines herself as a vessel which may be emptied out and refilled "from the crown to the toe." Lady Macbeth simply insults her husband to make him do what...
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...Gender is a range of physical, mental, and behavioral characteristics distinguishing between masculinity and femininity.[1][2][3] Depending on the context, the term may refer to sex (i.e. the state of being male or female), social roles (as in gender roles), or gender identity.[1][2][3][4] Gender studies is a branch of the social sciences. Sexologist John Money introduced the terminological distinction between biological sex and gender as a role in 1955. Before his work, it was uncommon to use the word "gender" to refer to anything but grammatical categories.[1][2] However, Money's meaning of the word did not become widespread until the 1970s, when feminist theory embraced the distinction between biological sex and the social construct of gender. Today, the distinction is strictly followed in some contexts, especially the social sciences[5][6] and documents written by the World Health Organization (WHO).[4] In contrast, for many contexts, including some areas of social sciences, the meaning of gender has expanded to include "sex" or even to replace the latter word.[1][2] Although this gradual change in the meaning of gender can be traced to the 1980s, a small acceleration of the process in the scientific literature was observed when the Food and Drug Administration started to use "gender" instead of "sex" in 1993.[7] "Gender" is now commonly used even to refer to the physiology of non-human animals, without any implication of social gender roles.[2] In the English literature...
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...There have been numerous social movements that affected specific gender groups in society and transformed the world they live in. Well-known women’s movements have existed throughout the century, one of the best known movements of current times was the movement led by a feminist group called the suffragettes; the Suffragettes fought for equal rights for women they fought for their right to vote and an equal right to work, the basic equal right that many young women in society take for granted. During the civil rights movements in the 1960s and 1970s women’s right movements rose once again when women entered the workplace in masses and the controversial introduction of abortion and the pill changed the face of the world women lived in. Women are not alone in their battles for equality, the gay rights movement that started in California in the 1950s and finally made large ground in the late 1960s with the riots at the iconic stonewall inn changed the way minority gender groups lived in society. The Suffragettes was a was a women’s movement group in search of equal right for women, in particular women’s rights to work, much like their male counterparts and be able to cast their vote. It took over 70 years for the movement to gain the right for the ability for women to vote, it was in 1928 that all women could legally vote. During the time of war from the 1940s to 1950s the suffragettes fought for women’s rights to work and during this time when labor was needed in the masses to...
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...Girls tend not to take enough of an active role in sport both in school and in adult life. Why is this so? How could girls and women be encouraged to take a more active role in sport? Use reasons and examples from your own experience to explain your answer. Sport is important for everybody, especially for girls who are generally less active than boys. There is barrier that makes girls tend not to take enough of an active role in sport both in school and in adult life. Popular sport dominated by men. Football, basketball boxing or Motorsport is exactly to be male dominated. That make the barrier to participation in sport is that sport itself. I believe that popular sport has been defined, organized, promoted as a male activity. For example, some women/girls are turned off sport altogether because they see it as a male dominated activity. It is just not seen as feminine to be interested in sport and for many girls, being sporty is felt to be odds with being feminine. Women and girls are often reminded of this male domination by others who are surprised to see them participating or competing in sport. Working in a sector where they are a minority can make them feel that they don’t belong. They tend to prefer the social aspects of physical activity like having fun and making friends. So it is very important to find the right sport for girls, because a girl is not participating in a sport she likes, she probably cannot stick with it. Girls must find out what she likes to do and...
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...Sexual Harassment Employment Law 7/27/2011 Dale Strickland | Sexual harassment is defined as unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors and other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature when submission of such conduct is made a requirement or condition of employment, submission to or rejection of such conduct is used as a basis for employment or such conduct has the purpose or effect of unreasonably interfering with an employee’s work performance and creates an intimidating, hostile or offensive working environment. Sexual discrimination differs from gender discrimination based on the idea that sexual discrimination can be unwelcome by male or female and sexual advances of any type are used by the violator, whether physical or verbal. Gender discrimination has nothing to do with sexual advances, but is completely based upon the idea that the victim is of a male or female gender. Quid Pro Quo is basically any unwelcome advances, requests for sexual favors or any other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature. One example of this type of harassment is in an educational setting. A student may be made to believe that these sexual advances or requests are to be accepted in order to participate in an activity or program. These requests would be made by the professor of a University setting or a Teacher in a school environment. The teacher would use his or her authority or power to persuade the student to welcome the requests in order to be successful...
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...times. This would be a society where women were at the forefront and did the decision making, worked and held governmental positions. The men were portrayed in the way females live in present society, though it was often exaggerated to make that point. Men were dominated and ruled by women and had to do their bidding and cook for them and take care of the children, so on and so forth. By taking a hard look at how sexuality is imagined and experienced on all analytical levels and picking apart the social construction of gender in Egalia’s Daughters, society itself in the present can start to be unraveled as well. What is found in this book can transfer over to a point and parallel itself with present experiences of women and their struggle for equality, recognition and acknowledgement. In order to fully analyze the sexes in this book, the micro, meso and macro levels need to be looked at individually to observe where sexuality is imagined and experienced by both genders. On the micro level, the sexes are very different from one another in this book. The women are expected to be large in weight and wear pants and shirts. The men are often wearing skirts and blouses with a contraption called a peho which holds their genitals in place. This can be compared with a bra to women in society today. When Patronius Bram has to buy his first peho he’s struck with much anxiety and wondering. This means he’s beginning to enter adulthood and will attend the Maidmen’s Ball. Here is where boys expect...
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...(portrayal of gender and masculinity) This essay examines the visual representations of working-class masculinity portrayed in Stephen Daldry‟s stage musical adaptation of the film Billy Elliot (2000). After a brief discussion of the portrayal of the male ballet dancer in the dancing scene since the 1990s and the inherent voyeuristic inclinations of contemporary audiences, the analysis will focus on five aspects of male presence in Billy Elliot the Musical (2005). The dynamics of working-class masculinity will be contextualised within the framework of the family, the older female, the community, the self and the act of dancing itself. These aspects will be referenced using reviews of the musical version of the work and articles written on the film of Billy Elliot. However, have today‟s audiences conditioned their gendered gaze to allow for the male ballet dancer to dominate the contemporary stage? Or do we still control our social perceptions and cultural associations with out-of-date images of the past? Have popular perceptions about the male ballet dancer changed? Is there a birth of a new male dancer phenomenon? However, have today‟s audiences conditioned their gendered gaze to allow for the male ballet dancer to dominate the contemporary stage? Or do we still control our social perceptions and cultural associations with out-of-date images of the past? Have popular perceptions about the male ballet dancer changed? Is there a birth of a new male dancer phenomenon?Even...
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...Running Head: EDUCATION AND ACTION 1 Education and Action for Gender Violence Meaghan Pollard Education and Action for Gender Violence The website I chose to study is http://www.jacksonkatz.com. This website is about Jackson Katz, who is an anti-sexist male activist. He is recognized for his work in gender violence prevention education and lectures at high schools, colleges and workshops across the world. He is the co-founder of the Mentors in Violence Prevention program; which according to the website is “the leading gender violence prevention initiative in professional and college athletics.” He is also the director of the “first worldwide domestic and sexual violence prevention program in the United States Marine Corps” and has created a handful of educational videos regarding gender violence. The home page of the website describes Jackson Katz’s accomplishments, acknowledgements and recent honors. The website has many tabs to lead readers to further information about Katz, including his full biography, publications, seminars, and lectures and consulting. After reading Katz full biography it is easy to determine that he has a multitude of experiences to support his work in gender violence prevention. Katz helped architect the “bystander” approach, which is used in the Mentors in Violence Prevention program to train students to be positive role models in the school environment and how to respond if they witness or know about a violent or abusive situation...
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...I always wonder how traditions have been rotted in people’s minds especially the unwanted ones. Of course, there are some traditions that we all adore like disrupting candies for kids on Halloween’s night, or having turkey on Thanksgiving day; however, many of them are unfaithful and were based on manipulate certain group of the society. Women known to be physically weaker than men, so they were usually their easy prey especially in masculine’s societies. In “Footbinding”, for John King Fairbank, illustrates a picture of women’s abuse of the tenth century in China. Chinese girls were subject to a process in which their feet were bent to make them small “… preferably only three inches long, by pressing the four smaller toes under the sole or ball of the foot” (279). That would allow them to socially fit and be able to get married otherwise they were subjected to disrespect and taunts of the community. That is how women was abused based on tradition was found at first by men. In “Shrouded in Contradiction”, for Gelareh Asayesh, I see another face of women’s abuse. Asayesh was born in Tehran, Iran where women have to wear “hijab”-Islamic covering, so they were forced to wear veil. In both cases I see traditions are being used to manipulate and abuse women as part of the society, which will lead to societies’ destruction as Fairbank says “the talent that one sees in Chinese women today had little chance to grow and express itself. This mad a weak foundation for a modern society.”...
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...opportunity as an experiment to test his nurture theory of gender identity. What are the expected results of this experiment, assuming that the nurture theory is valid? The expected results of the experiment, providing that the nurture theory is valid then the boy that went through gender reassignment surgery would have grown up flawlessly as girl. The nature theory states an organism will reflect environmental factors. Hence, since the parents grew the child as a girl and other feminine characteristics, the child would develop as if he were born a girl. (he would have adjusted perfectly as a girl) 2. According to the nurture theory, predict the gender identity Bruce would express if he were not subjected to gender re-assignment surgery and raised as a boy? (A gender identity is ones private sense of being a man or a female, and consists primarily of the acceptance of membership in a particular group of people: male or female. Basic gender identity is usually formed by age three and is extremely difficult to change after that. All societies have a set of gender categories that can serve as the basis of the formation of a social identity in relation to other members of society. In most societies, there is a basic division between gender attributes assigned to males and females. In all societies, however, some individuals do not identify with the gender that is assigned to their biological sex.) Answer: Gender identity is an individual's remote sense of being either...
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...Early and Middle Adulthood Paper Morgaine Smith PSY280 April 17, 2012 Early to middle adulthood is a time of independence, identity seeking, and lifestyle forming. During this time people strike out on their own, building relationships and establishing social and health-affecting habits. Middle adulthood differs from young adulthood in social needs (although the basic need for socialization remains the same), and represents a shift in attitude about relationships and vocations that moves from fluidity to stability. Health practices are also at work here, with factors such as diet, exercise, and drug use in young adulthood impacting middle adulthood later on. Erikson believed that people need constant contact with others throughout their lives, from birth to death, whether that contact is romantic intimacy or a relationship with friends and family. In romantic relationships, young adults tend to be “serially monogamous” [ (Berger, 2010) ], or remaining emotionally or sexually involved with only one person for a period of time, though the relationship is rarely permanent, and the young adult may have many of these relationships during this stage of his or her life. This is typical for the age group, which is characterized by an unwillingness to commit permanently to a job, a spouse, or even an educational program. Young adults today are markedly different from young adults in the previous generation, in that they marry later and may not start families or enter a permanent...
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