...along with the so called wrong policy-atypia at the beginning in the development cycle. It’s precisely because these non-mainstreams such as true multi-tasking that cause the current insecurity issues including multifariously malicious malware, e.g. Trojan-SMS, Fake Player, Droid Dream malware and so on. Meanwhile, the author listed the cause for concern, and also some tests on Android from the analyst view to test the security. There are two points in the article leave me a deep impression. The first one is a series of atypical and nonstandard design of Android. To come the first, its main kernel is just a branch of mainstream in Linux research and development. Besides, Android don’t give the support to the full set of standard General Public License. Last one but not the least one, Data storage is beyond standard using a lightweight relational database and also allows the external micro SD which is not passed locked to easy access on any device. We enjoy the advantages given by the atypical design and on the other hand we encounter and need to...
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...Quick Walkthrough CTERA CloudPlug Cloud Attached Storage May 2012 Firmware Version 3.1 Safety Precautions Warning Carefully read the Safety Instructions and the Installation and Operating Procedures provided in this User's Guide before attempting to install or operate the appliance. Failure to follow these instructions may result in damage to equipment and/or personal injuries, and will void your warranty. Safety Precautions This product contains no user-serviceable parts. Repair, maintenance and servicing of this appliance are only to be carried out by qualified CTERA personnel. This product may only be used for the applications described in the user guide, and only in connection with accessories which have been approved by CTERA. This product can only function correctly and safely if it is transported, stored, set up, and installed correctly, and operated and maintained as recommended. Operate this product only from the type of power source indicated on the product’s marking label. Overloaded AC outlets, extension cords, frayed power cords, damaged or cracked wire insulation, and broken plugs are dangerous. They may result in an electrical shock or fire hazard. Route power supply cords so that they are not likely to be walked on or pinched by items placed upon or against them. Slots and openings in the enclosure are provided for ventilation, to ensure reliable operation of the product and to protect it from overheating. Do not block or cover these openings. Never...
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...IT 320 Research Paper 2 Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) has been a pinnacle of the corporate world ever since it came around. It has been an easy to use and replicate without worry of patent or licensing infringement. However, in 2006 Microsoft found that many of their patents had been infringed upon by several different aspects. The Linux kernel found in most servers was one of them. Microsoft took a big leap going after FOSS for 235 patents. FOSS is run by Stallman who was responsible for the GNU Manifesto also known to most as the GNU General Public License (GPL) . With Microsoft heading the full speed train against FOSS it took a demanding tire on both parties. While Microsoft, in the mean time was also striking a deal with Novell on its Linux based server support. FOSS was sure to go under as Linux was the base of all its open source used in many applications and the applications within Linux such as samaba or Open Office. The Deal with Novell was made to walk around the GPL of the GNU and expose loop holes for Microsoft’s gain but also creating a pressing dilemma for the GNU. The deal struck between Novell and Microsoft was a “we don’t sue you and you don’t sue us” which indicates that not only was FOSS involved in patent infringement but also Microsoft. The Deal included over 200 million dollars to Novell and 43 Million to Microsoft for “license distribution” of Novells’ Server software. The after effects of this deal resulted in a addition...
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...Linux was developed as a variant of the UNIX architecture in 1991 (Stallings, 2012). As more developments were made to the Linux program, it eventually evolved into a “full-featured UNIX system” that has remained free and available to all (Stallings, 2012). GNU is described as a free software set of packages and tolls for designed for developing a UNIX-like operating system that is often used with the Linux kernel. The Free Software Foundation’s GNU project, or GNU Not Linux, provides the necessary tools to developers and has approved the GNU Public License, or GPL (Stallings, 2012). According to Free Software Foundation, or FSF (2007), the GNU Public License discusses the freedom for designers to share and change all versions of the program. Linux is free software, as in free for anyone to use, modify, or copy without restraint. The GNU Public License, or GPL, provides a list of basic permissions, rights, and conveying verbatim copies (FSF, 2007). The main idea of publishing the GPL licensing terms is that no one who uses Linux and/or creates any Linux-derived copy can make the copy proprietary (Stallings, 2012). Under the GPL, basic permissions are granted to all who use, copy, or modify a GNU program. The basic permissions essentially grant unlimited permission to run an unmodified version of a program (FSF, 2007). According to the FSF (2007), permissions are also granted to convey a derivative of an unmodified program; however, the conditions listed below must be met:...
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...1. What is free software? List three characteristics of free software. Free software is software that users can change and distribute without any repercussions. The characteristics of free software is that the software can be used for any purpose, can be studied and changed and can be distributed with the changes made. 3. What are multiuser systems? Why are they successful? Multiuser systems allows many people to use all of the resources of the system at the same time. This makes the system successful because the resources available can be used to its utmost potential so its growth is always on the rise. 5. In which language is Linux written? What does the language have to do with the success of Linux? Linux is written in C which means that that it is portable. In this way it makes it successful for it can be adapted to different machines and allows it to complete tasks on almost any platform. 9. What is a shell? How does it work with the kernel? With the user? A shell is a command interpreter which is the link between you and the operating system. Shells can arrange a file for later execution using scripts which help with operations and keep kernels on a priority list. This also makes it so users can issue short commands that perform highly complex operations. 11. Why is the Linux filesystem referred to as hierarchical? The filesystem of Linux is hierarchical due to its structure of arranging files under directories. These directories can hold other directories...
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...Open and Closed Source Systems Paper POS/355 March 1, 2013 Bhupinder Singh Open and Closed Source Systems Paper GNU GPL (General Public License) defined as the copy left or free licensed software (GNU.org, 2007). When making an invention the creator must have copyrights to protect them from their inventions. No one wants their inventions taken from them. They can loss acknowledgement or worse the royalties not given to them. Copyrights mean the right to copy; generally, it gives the copyright holder many other rights to their software or products. Creators who work hard to make their software or products a reality, they want that accreditation for their works; and they can determine who can take the work and financially benefit for the use it. It is a form of intellectual property; like patent, trademark, and trade secret (copyright.gov, 2012). By contrast, the GNU GPL is freedom of a guarantee to change and share the versions of the programs or software’s (GNU.org, 2007). Most organizations use GNU GPL for their software and it with their authors also that release the work. The licenses are put in place for developer’s freedom and to change and share their work that they develop; this is GNU General Public License. There are steps that are taken to use GNU GLP. (1) assert copyright on the software, and (2) offer you this license giving you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify it, and this the developers that uses GNU GLP...
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...GNU GPL (General Public License) defined as the copy left or free licensed software (GNU.org, 2007). When making an invention the creator must have copyrights to protect them from their inventions. No one wants their inventions taken from them. They can loss acknowledgement or worse the royalties not given to them. Copyrights mean the right to copy; generally, it gives the copyright holder many other rights to their software or products. Creators who work hard to make their software or products a reality, they want that accreditation for their works; and they can determine who can take the work and financially benefit for the use it. It is a form of intellectual property; like patent, trademark, and trade secret (copyright.gov, 2012). By contrast, the GNU GPL is freedom of a guarantee to change and share the versions of the programs or software’s (GNU.org, 2007). Most organizations use GNU GPL for their software and it with their authors also that release the work. The licenses are put in place for developer’s freedom and to change and share their work that they develop; this is GNU General Public License. There are steps that are taken to use GNU GLP. (1) assert copyright on the software, and (2) offer you this license giving you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify it, and this the developers that uses GNU GLP protect your rights with these steps (GNU. org, 2007). When distributing copies of software for free, the creator must pass on the recipients and receiving...
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...not more than one time every 90 days. You may not retain any copies. The software is also not licensed for commercial hosting Warranty with the Microsoft License Write a paragraph describing the warranty, if any, which comes with Microsoft Office. Microsoft does offer a limited warranty for this software. The warranty states that it is not responsible for any problems that the user causes due to not following instructions. The limited warranty starts when the user gets their copy and lasts for 1 year. If the user gets any updates or replacement software during that year, they are covered for the remainder of the year, or 30 days, whichever is longer. GNU General Public License User Rights Granted by GNU General Public License Write a paragraph defining the rights of the user in the General Public License to use, copy, and install the software. Can you sell or transfer the software to someone else? On how many devices may you install the software? This License allows the user to use and modify the program as long as they acknowledge and respect that the program was given free to them....
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...Open and Close Source Systems Paper Pos 355 Open and Closed Source Systems Paper POS/355 Open and Closed Source Systems Paper GNU GPL (General Public License) defined as the copy left or free licensed software (GNU.org, 2007). When making an invention the creator must have copyrights to protect them from their inventions. No one wants their inventions taken from them. They can loss acknowledgement or worse the royalties not given to them. Copyrights mean the right to copy; generally, it gives the copyright holder many other rights to their software or products. Creators who work hard to make their software or products a reality, they want that accreditation for their works; and they can determine who can take the work and financially benefit for the use it. It is a form of intellectual property; like patent, trademark, and trade secret (copyright.gov, 2012). By contrast, the GNU GPL is freedom of a guarantee to change and share the versions of the programs or software’s (GNU.org, 2007). Most organizations use GNU GPL for their software and it with their authors also that release the work. The licenses are put in place for developer’s freedom and to change and share their work that they develop; this is GNU General Public License. There are steps that are taken to use GNU GLP. (1) assert copyright on the software, and (2) offer you this license giving you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify it, and this the developers that uses GNU GLP protect your rights...
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...and use free software. Not UNIX Linux is an operating system created based on the Unix operating system all of the improvements to Unix used GNU tools to create the kernel that would become Linux. GNU is an acronym that stands for “Not Unix” and is part of a project of people collaborating over the Internet, creating free to use software and source codes. According to Stallings, W. (2012) “Linus Torvalds, a Finnish student of computer science, wrote the initial version.” and “posted an early version of Linux on the Internet in 1991.". Since then, a number of people, collaborating over the Internet, have contributed to the development of Linux, all under the control of Torvalds. Seal of Approval GNU Public License (GPL) is the approval of the collaborated efforts of the developers of the free software and is approved by a specific foundation. The foundation that gives the seal of approval of the publicly created software is called Free Software Foundation...
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...Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) has been a pinnacle of the corporate world ever since it came around. It has been an easy to use and replicate without worry of patent or licensing infringement. However, in 2006 Microsoft found that many of their patents had been infringed upon by several different aspects. The Linux kernel found in most servers was one of them. Microsoft took a big leap going after FOSS for 235 patents. FOSS is run by Stallman who was responsible for the GNU Manifesto also known to most as the GNU General Public License (GPL) . With Microsoft heading the full speed train against FOSS it took a demanding tire on both parties. While Microsoft, in the meantime was also striking a deal with Novell on its Linux based server support. FOSS was sure to go under as Linux was the base of its entire open source used in many applications and the applications within Linux such as samba or Open Office. The Deal with Novell was made to walk around the GPL of the GNU and expose loop holes for Microsoft’s gain but also creating a pressing dilemma for the GNU. The deal struck between Novell and Microsoft was a “we don’t sue you and you don’t sue us” which indicates that not only was FOSS involved in patent infringement but also Microsoft. The Deal included over 200 million dollars to Novell and 43 Million to Microsoft for “license distribution” of Novell’s’ Server software. The after effects of this deal resulted in a addition to...
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...GNU Public Licensing Lori C Fountain POS 355 October 1, 2014 Steven Clayden GNU Public Licensing GNU is a recursive acronym that means GNU is Not Unix. It is a type of operating system that remains free to users. Free means having the freedom to use the source code and to modify that source code. LINUX uses GNU. LINUX is the kernel and because the kernel cannot run by itself GNU Operating System is used with it. GNU general public license was copyrighted in 2007 to keep its program free to everyone. Anyone is allowed to use it verbatim for free but are not allowed to change the general public license ("Gnu Operating System", 2014). That is why GNU refers to this as “copyleft”. People who use the GNU public license may copyright their material but the copyright declares that it is free work. In other words, the material can be patented but the copyleft assures users they may use the source code and even modify it at no cost. According to “GNU Operating System” (2014), “Copyleft is a general method for making a program (or other work) free, and requiring all modified and extended versions of the program to be free as well” (para. 1). Copyleft of a work keeps the work free so no one can make it proprietary. The GNU Operating System is sponsored by the Free Software Foundation. According to "Free Software Foundation" (2004-2014), “The Free Software Foundation (FSF) is a nonprofit with a worldwide mission to promote computer user freedom and to defend the rights...
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...Chapter 1 Questions What is free software? List three characteristics of free software.Free software is code that is available for free to everyone, but it is also free in the sense that it can be used and altered freely to the user's desires. It is free to be studied, redistributed, and modified. Why is Linux popular? Why is it popular in academia?Due to the operating system's distribution among universities, students were able to become used to it's sophisticated developing environment which helped these graduates succeed in the industry as UNIX was being spread throughout the world. What are multiuser systems? Why are they successful?Multiuser is a term that defines an operating system or application software that allows access by multiple users of a computer. They are so successful because they allow for collaborative projects to be conducted with much more ease and efficiency. What is the Free Software Foundation/GNU? What is Linux? Which parts of the Linux operating system did each provide? Who else has helped build and refine this operating system?The GNU is a completely free (in the freedom sense) operating system built by Richard Stallman and many of its components, except for the kernel, were completed in the early '90s. Linus Torvalds wrote the kernel for Linux, which was also intended to be a free operating system, in the early '90s. The two systems then were combined together to finish Linux, with it's original kernel and added features supplied...
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...General Public License POS/355 Professor Fischer Jaquetta Meyers General Public License POS/355 Professor Fischer Jaquetta Meyers 1 The GNU or the General Public License was created by Richard Stallman in 1989. The program was started in 1984 to develop operating systems that were similar to UNIX. He thought in order to protect software from being made proprietary; it was he who made it a derivative of copyright law that serves “the opposite of its usual purpose”. ("Gnu General Public License (Gnu GPL or Simply GPL", 2008) The General Public License abbreviations can be GNU or GPL. GPL states that programmers can copy and distribute copies of a software program’s source code, under the condition that each copy displays a copyright notice. The GPL also deals with the modification and redistribution of software in which it requires the same conditions as well as notification of any changes made to the software. The GPL is under copyright ownership of the FSF which is a tax-exempt charity to generate funding for the software. The GPL was created to set forth principles of the founding of the project and FSF. The FSF is when a particular user has software freedom. They have freedom to run any program for any purpose, they can study the program to see how the program works and make changes if needed. The third freedom that is allowed by the user is the freedom to redistribute copies and finally they can distribute copies of changes made by others...
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...The GNU Public License and its Role What is the GNU Public License? The GNU is a public license covering and giving the designer the permission and freedom to distribute freeware. Freeware in this case means giving the general public the freedom to change and/or distribute copies of software, not necessarily software which has no price. With the GNU license you are guaranteed the freedom to make changes as you see fit, whereas other software licenses are restrictive and written in a way which prevents the user from making any form of changes or distributing the software how they see fit. In order to protect the rights of the users, the GNU public license has but one restriction. You cannot forbid anyone, whether making your version of the software available at no price or a fee, to deny the rights or ask anyone to surrender the rights to the software. The downloaded must be able to distribute or make copies of your software just as you had the same rights. You must make sure they are able to get to the source code and these terms must be shown in order to make them aware of these rights to it. The GNU public license protects your rights with two steps: “(1) copyright the software, and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or modify the software.” ("Gnu general public," 1989) Each author is also protected by not providing a warranty for the free software. This way, if the software is modified by someone else and passed on...
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