...Understanding and Addressing Poverty in an Education Setting In the introduction of her book, Payne explains that her expertise on poverty resulted primarily from being married for over 30 years to her husband, Frank, who grew up in “situational” (or temporary) poverty, but lived for several years with others who were in “generational” (or long-term) poverty. As she spent time with his family and got to know “the many other players in their neighborhood,” her personal observations led her to conclude that there were major differences between those in generational poverty and those in the middle class—the most important of which were not about money (Payne, 2005). These insights were confirmed in her mind after Payne spent six years as a principal in an affluent, Illinois elementary school and was able to further contrast the differences she witnessed between children in poverty, the middle class, and wealth. Some key indictors Payne list, that identify poverty are (2-3): 1. Poverty is relative to the society you live in. 2. Poverty occurs in all races and in all countries. 3. Generational and situational poverty are different. 4. For students to be successful they must understand the hidden rules of class; they must be taught the rules if they are to succeed. 5. Two things help individuals move out of poverty—education and relationships. Hidden Rules Payne describes hidden rules as ”unspoken cues and habits of a group. Distinct cueing systems exist among...
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...Overcoming Generational Poverty Diana Rojas BSHS 345 August 12, 2014 Therese, DaSilva, LSSW Overcoming Generational Poverty Generational poverty is poverty passed down from generation to generation. Parents pass it down to their kids, and they received it from their parents. A vicious cycle can only be broken by raising above the current situation. In order to rise one must work and gain a greater income, if any, than what is currently being dealt with. It is a common truth that you can work yourself out of poverty. As easy as that sounds, many times this is almost impossible to achieve. Personal barriers that may harm success are stress, low self-esteem, isolation, and inadequate parenting competence. One can go into urban cities, rural areas, and ghettos and see the impoverished or underprivileged situations that many people live in today. The question often asked is; why do people live and think the way they do? Can they not move or get a better job? The sad truth is that for many people moving on does not come with ease. The factors for which many stay in the situation they are in is endless and often quite complex. Many times people face poverty because they lack the means to move up in life. This barrier often times comes from lack of education. In many areas instances, children never even make it out of high school because their presence is needed to work and help the family survive. Seniors are often faced with many challenges which lead them to fall into poverty...
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...OF ISSUES RELATED TO CHILDREN LIVING IN POVERTY _________________________________________________ A PAPER SUMBITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR FS 5833: FAMILY ECONOMICS IN THE DEPARTMENT OF FAMILY SCIENCES TEXAS WOMAN’S UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION BY SARAH KERAMATI ______________________________________________ DENTON, TEXAS APRIL 2012 Introduction Over the last few decades, the world has drastically changed, and the effect on the family dynamic has been profound. Today, there are more single parents, dual earner couples, and parents with more than one job living in both rural and urban areas in the United States than at any time in history (Miller, 2007). There is approximately one in five American children who live below the national poverty level (Meyer, Cancian & Nam, 2007). In today’s society, many people live below the poverty line and those numbers continue to increase because of our high unemployment rates. The Census Bureau reported that 12% of Americans live in poverty. According to the Department of Health and Human Services, the poverty level in 2009 for a family of four was $22,050. Working parents have no time and their finances are often strained. Welfare reform in the United States may pressure single mothers to be employed even though child care is expensive and they may barely make minimum wage (Miller, 2007). If a child experiences poverty during their preschool or early school years...
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...floodplains, low elevation, high population density, high levels of poverty, and overwhelming dependence on natural resources and services. The country has a history of extreme climatic events claiming millions of lives and destroying past development gains. Climate change is increasing the frequency and intensity of such events like floods and cyclones. Bangladesh has come a long way in developing national adaptation strategies and is currently leading this approach among the Least Developed Countries (LDCs). Adaptation is now an integral part of development strategies, and given the scale of the impacts, most ministries are gearing up for sector-wise adaptation. 1 Significant steps have been taken after the publication of National Adaptation Program of Action (NAPA) in 2005, where immediate and urgent needs of adaptation have been identified. In 2008, a supplement to the NAPA was introduced called “The Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan”, which is built on six pillars – five of them related to impact management and one related to mitigation through low carbon development. The government has solely focused its adaptation approach to livelihood security. The present number of research projects completed and being worked on substantiates this fact. Nearly all of these studies acknowledge the fact that the densely populated and low-lying coastal areas have the least adaptive capacity. Given the generational time lag of the realization of climate change impacts, reduction...
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... Abstract This assignment I will discuss child poverty from the “State of America's Children® 2010 Report”. I found that poverty does not exclude anyone. Poverty hits every race, every country, anytime, it is a sad truth that negatively effects the lives of many children and families poverty continues to rise and it is now at an all time high. Not to mention the unemployment rate. What can we do to put a stop to these rising factors? Introduction Over the last decades, the world has made many changes, and the effects of those changes have profoundly been felt by many families everywhere. Today, children are being raised in single parent homes and it is hard when one parent has to work two jobs because absence of the parents can have very drastic effects on the child. (Miller, 2007). Sadly the numbers are at an all time high, when it comes to families and children living in poverty. Unemployment rates are growing and will continue to grow. Sadly more and more families are out of work and having to live without their basic needs being met. Many children experience poverty during their preschool years, which increases the likely of them even graduating from high school (Duncan, Ludwig, & Magnuson, 2007). Poverty does not only affect other countries it is affecting everyone worldwide no matter the race or...
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...The Effects of Living in Low-Income Single Mother Families Student Liberty University Abstract This article serves as an in-depth analysis of lives of low-income single mothers and their children. The cycle that happens with single mothers, the absence of the biological fathers and the stress that is often brought upon low-income single mothers all have the ability to affect the social, emotional and the cognitive development of the child. This article will be useful to anyone wondering about some of the struggles of low-income single mother households and the adverse effect on the child. Empirical articles were used to support the research of this article. The article supports the notion that low-income single mothers are often in a great struggle to pull themselves out of poverty. More readily available resources for single mothers including on-the-job training and financial resources for single mothers to be able to go back to school would greatly help low-income single mothers as they try to successfully raise their families. Keywords: single mother, low-income families, poverty The Effects of Living in Low-Income Single Mother Families The number of single-mother families in the United States has continued to increase steadily in the past few years. With close to 25 percent (one-fourth) of the 75 million children that are under the age of 18 in the United States being raised by single-mothers, this specific demographic is clearly one that cannot be ignored (Mather...
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...In identifying the complex factors concerning generational poverty, many factors are of concern. Approximately 61 percent of Migrant and Seasonal Farm Workers (MSFW) “live in poverty, with half earning less than $7,500 per year”. (Anthony, 2011,p.123) According to (Son’s &Bauer, 2010) Single or divorced mother’s find themselves in low paying jobs, with little flexibility, impacting their own ability to provide adequate structure for their children, along with the significant stress to just survive. Generational poverty affects many of us on several different levels. Women out number men in majority of circumstances. And due to this a woman’s long term outcome is determined by two different factors. Being married or ending up single, could perhaps be the deciding factor as to how the single or widowed woman ends up in life. Being married the woman does have the expectation of out living longer than the male spouse. Thus making life a lot less affordable for the older woman. In terms of financial support and healthcare coverage. Medicare is geared primarily toward healthcare for acute illness and covers realtively fewer expanses incurred by chronic illnesses. Whereas older women are more likely than men to suffer debilitating chronic illnesses; older men contract fewer long-term chronic illnesses but are more pronenet to acute illnesses. Hence, Medicare meets the healthcare needs of older men fully than those of older women are more prone to acute illnesses. Hence, Medicare...
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...POVERTY IN AMERICA Donice Wright Excelsior College Business Ethics for Managers 523 30033567 Dr. Sharlyn Moore 21 May 2015 Introduction and situational analysis Residents of Lakewood, Ohio have seen an upsurge in people living below the poverty line. “Between 1998-99 and 2009-10, the share of Lakewood high students receiving free and reduced price lunches increased dramatically, from 9-46%.” (Shaw, 2013, p. 13). As globalization increases more immigrants and refugees are moving to areas outside of the inner city. Tukwila, Washington has seen much of the same waves of immigration and refugee populations seeking work and affordable housing. Poverty in Tukwila went from 10 percent to over 24 percent during the period 2006-10. Job opportunities are rooted in service jobs such as retail, hotels, construction and other services. P. (38). The inner city used to be the location for jobs and opportunity however, the trend now includes urban job opportunities, affordable housing, and better schools. This migration from the inner city to the outlying areas is called, “the suburbanization of poverty.” P. (38) Understanding poverty calls for understanding the economy. According to Brooking Institute researchers Emily Monea and Isabel Sawhill, “even if the national unemployment rate fell to 5 percent within the next five years, by 2020 the nation’s poverty rate will likely remain above 14 percent. P. (39) Inter-generational poverty needs to be addressed. Inner cities have several...
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...South Africa Strayer University SOC 300: Sociology of Developing Countries Professor T. Taylor August 31, 2015 South Africa South Africa is located at the southern tip of Africa. It is made up of a unique demographic, and is approximately twice the size of Texas (Cia.gov, 2015). The death rate in South Africa is the highest of any country (Cia.gov, 2015). AIDS is very prevalent, with South Africa having the fourth highest rate of any country in the world (Cia.gov, 2015). Economic growth is slow, and unemployment is around 25% (Cia.gov, 2015). While the economy of South Africa is experiencing slow growth, they still use the benefits of funding from banking institutions. It is important to understand whether funding from these banking institutions, as well as the general health of the population, affects the economy and politics of the country of South Africa. The World Bank and IMF have the potential to positively impact the economy in South Africa. According to Olawale and Garwe (2010), it is essential that more small and medium enterprises (SME’s) are started in South Africa. They posit this idea due to the high unemployment rate plaguing South Africa. While the World Bank is in full support of more SME’s being opened in South Africa, South Africans fear corruption will prevent them from beginning new SME’s. On the other hand, one could draw the conclusion that loans from the World Bank and IMF are allowing the corrupt South African government to continue thriving...
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...POL 140 – STUDY GUIDE *NOTE: Not everything on this study guide will be on the exam and not everything on the exam is on this study guide. This study guide is exactly that, a guide. 1) What is comparative politics? * Why do we study it? What does it allow us to do? * How is it distinct from international relations (IR)? * Explain the significant relationship between comparative politics and IR. Give an example. 2) What a hypothesis? * Give an example. 3) What is a dependent variable? * Give an example 4) What is an independent variable? * Give an example 5) What are the three methods used to test hypotheses in comparative political analysis? Be able to explain each and note the costs and benefits of each. 6) Know the difference between empirical and normative studies. 7) Know the distinctions between the three types of pre-colonial societies that we discussed in class. * Acephalous societies * State societies * Empires * Know the differences of each. Pay attention to the details. 8) Colonialism – Why was Europe successful in colonizing the non-Western world? 9) What was the Maxim Gun? * How was it different than earlier machine guns? * What impact did it have on European colonization? 10) Who were the big players? * Latin America * Asia * Africa * Describe “the scramble for Africa” 11) What are the three Gs? * Gold * The Age of Mercantilism...
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...PERSUASIVE SPEECH TRANSCRIPT Poverty Video Link 16.3 Speeches in Action Notice how this attention getter grabs the audience by using an interesting story. Joy introduces the topic and shows the importance in this section. The speaker gives a simple but effective preview of the main points to be covered in the speech using Monroe’s Motivated Sequence. In this section, Joy cites recent and credible evidence to support her claims. 440 Chapter 16 Joy Zoodsma Western Michigan University Bohn Fawkes was a B-17 pilot during World War II who flew a number of missions over Germany. On one such occasion, his fuel tank was hit by an enemy missile, and he was forced to land the plane. Miraculously, he survived, upon which he discovered the missile had not detonated. If it had, his plane and he would have exploded immediately. Upon returning to the United States, Fawkes asked to keep the unexploded missile as a souvenir, a sign of goodwill toward him. However, upon further investigation it was found that not one but eleven missiles had hit his fuel tank. They were immediately sent off to intelligence for further investigation where it was revealed that all eleven missiles were empty, save one. The one missile contained a note, written in the Czech language, that said, “This is all we can do, for now.” A courageous Czechoslovakian factory worker had disarmed the missiles and written the note. He realized he couldn’t end the war, but he could save...
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...I - INTRODUCTION: Historically, the American political system exists to govern and protect the social welfare of the people. Through the electoral process, governmental officials are chosen. The bureaucratic officials are influenced by four basic ideologies which guides their decision making process. Conservative, Libertarian, Liberal, and Radical are the four ideologies in question. Firstly, I will define the four political ideologies. Secondly, I will apply my definitions to a single example. Third, I will analyze the Harlem Project from a liberal and radical ideology’s perspective. Next, my analysis will be of the federal and local government, of the causes of the problem, of the strategies taken to solve the problem, and the core values that underpin the solution. Finally, I will incorporate systems terminology and apply systems concepts. II.- DEFINITIONS All four ideologies listed in this paper present a different view; however, several of them share overlapping similarities. People identifying with the conservative ideology believe in maintaining things, as they currently exist, personal responsibility, hard work, preserving tradition, moral values, and social stratification. Conservative officials focus on preserving conservative platforms and eliminating reforms established during periods of other ideological power. This group deduces that each individual should be responsible for gaining their own wealth through hard work and perseverance. The conservative...
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...ABSOLUTE POVERTY ON YOUNG WOMEN: A CASE STUDY OF EPWORTH BY MASARA WIRIRANAI. B. (R121680Y) FACULTY OF SOCIAL STUDIES DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY 2015 A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE HONOURS DEGREE IN SOCIOLOGY (SUPERVISOR Ms CHOGUYA) 1 Dedication I dedicate this research work to my late mother. You influenced every aspect of carrying out this study. It’s sad though that you are not around to witness who I have become. You may be gone but you are never over! 2 ACRONYMS ADB Asian Development Bank CSO Central Statistics Office DESA Department of Economic and Social Affairs Statistics Division ESAP Economic Structural Adjustment Programme FPL Food Poverty Line HDL Human Development Index MPSLSW Ministry of Public Service, Labour and Social Welfare NGO Non-Governmental Organizations PASS Poverty Assessment Study Survey PDL Poverty Datum Line PICES Poverty and Income Expenditures Survey PRD Parliament Research Department PRFT Poverty Reduction Forum Trust TCPL Total Consumption Poverty Line UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund UNESASD United Nations Economic and Social Affairs Statistic Department UN-Habitat United Nations Human Settlement Programme USA United States of America Zimstat Zimbabwe National Statistics Agency 3 Abstract The study focused on identifying, measuring and assessing the nature and extent of impacts of urban absolute poverty on young...
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...Sociological Explanations of the Nature and Extent of Family Diversity Today In our modern society, there are different types of families including, but not limited to, the nuclear family, single parent family and divorce-extended family. This has caused sociologists to argue about whether this is a bad thing for society. Functionalists and the New Right argue that without pre-set roles in families, for example the male breadwinner and female homemaker, society would fall apart. These groups argue that the family that best serves society is the nuclear family consisting of a father, mother and dependent children. Opposed to this, feminists and postmodernists argue that the shift from the traditional family to the family today is a good thing because it provides individuals more choice and allows them to pursue their own wants and needs. For example, Weeks (2000) argues that a family does not have to be comprised of biological connections and instead is ‘socially constructed’ by the people involved. And Stacey (1998) agrees with this by arguing that families such as divorce extended families provide the people involved with the freedom to choose the family arrangement that best suits their needs. Sociologists have attempted to explain increasing family diversity. For example, Rhona and Robert Rapoport (1982) argue that there are five reasons for family diversity in today’s society. These include the following: * Organisational diversity. This refers to how a family...
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...Poverty in India Absolute poverty or destitution is the term used to describe deprivation of basic human needs i.e. food, water, sanitation, clothing, shelter, health care and education. While relative poverty refers to economic inequality in a particular location or society in which people live (The Economist, 2010). India has 1/3rd of World’s poorest population according to World Bank and it has been facing significantly high levels of poverty with most people living in agrarian and rural communities where 77%of poor Indians live. India is amongst the globally largest countries and thus poverty has a considerable pressure and weight on the country; about three-quarters of India’s population reside in rural areas and suffer higher levels of poverty regardless of efforts and policies being implemented from the past four decades (Prato & Longo, 2012). The rates of poverty in the country are affected by issues such as presence of factors, population density, ecological conditions and irrigation facilities etc. While there are other factors too that influence the level of poverty in rural areas of India i.e. caste, land ownership, literacy and gender (Yusuf, 2014). Impacts of Openness and Literacy rate on poverty in India Degree of openness refers to an economic metric, calculated as the ratio of country's total trade, the sum of exports plus imports, to the country's gross domestic product. The interpretation of the Openness Index is the higher the index the larger...
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