... * ------------------------------------------------- Version List ------------------------------------------------- Recent History * ------------------------------------------------- 2006 13.386 New 2006 c 253 s 1 * ------------------------------------------------- 2013 Subd. 3 Amended 2013 c 82 s 3 * ------------------------------------------------- 2012 Subd. 4 New 2012 c 292 art 4 s 1 13.386 TREATMENT OF GENETIC INFORMATION HELD BY GOVERNMENT ENTITIES AND OTHER PERSONS. § Subdivision 1.Definition. (a) "Genetic information" means information about an identifiable individual derived from the presence, absence, alteration, or mutation of a gene, or the presence or absence of a specific DNA or RNA marker, which has been obtained from an analysis of: (1) the individual's biological information or specimen; or (2) the biological information or specimen of a person to whom the individual is related. (b) "Genetic information" also means medical or biological information collected from an individual about a particular genetic condition that is or might be used to provide medical care to that individual or the individual's family members. § Subd. 2.Private...
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...GENETICS CASE STUDY GENETICS CASE STUDY This case study is based on a high-risk pregnancy due to advanced maternal age, genetic test indicating the fetus to have Tay-Sachs Disease and the coping strategies for this family. Rita Trosack is a 43-year old white female, married for six years to husband, Peter, a 46-year old white male. They both work in the financial district of Chicago and live downtown. They have been trying to conceive for two years. They both work an average of sixty hours a week. Rita and Peter were both raised as Catholics; however, they choose not to practice at this time. Rita missed her menstrual period, began having typical signs and symptoms of pregnancy (nausea, dry heaving, tender breasts, and fatigue). The fatigue was so severe she decreased her hours at the bank. An early pregnancy test performed by Rita tested positive. She then calculated her due date as January 27, 2009, since her last menstrual period (LMP) began on April 20, 2008. Rita met with Dr. Zimmerly an obstetrician in a high-risk obstetric clinic. On this first visit he confirmed the estimated date of delivery (EDD) as late January 2009. Due to Rita’s age, the chorionic villus sampling (CVS) was recommended to screen for fetal genetic defects. Rita had the test in early July, which would place her around eleven weeks into her pregnancy; this is the appropriate time in which to perform the CVS. Amniocentesis could have been performed, but this is usually...
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...Privacy HRM/546 Human Resource Law Latisha Clark February 9, 2016 Mr. Phillip Quintana In the Midwest part of the state a name Computers by Design (CBD) a small computer system business. The owners of the business have noticed a continuous rise in health care insurance. After doing research, the owners have decided to hire employees that are less likely to make claims, healthy, fit and non-addicted (UPOX, 2016). Abigail along with the other owners have created a two- step program for employees that will include pre-employment screening and a program to assist them a worker to stop smoking and non-prescription drugs (UPOX, 2016). This paper will discuss the legal issues involved with pre-employment screenings. It will also cover the topics of unions, collective bargaining, and Employee Retirement Income Security Act. According to Bennett-Alexander & Hartman, the 14th Amendment states that employees are protected legally from unreasonable searches and seizures (Bennett-Alexander & Hartman, 2007). The owners of CBD need to check the state laws to understand the privacy laws that protect employees and clarify pre-employment screenings before completing a business plan. Computer by Design need to review the Americans with Disabilities Act concerning health information specifics decisions are governed but are restricted by Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA, 2009). Employers cannot use the under the HIPPA law use protected health information...
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...available and how much of that money is to be granted to labs and institutions that research using embryonic stem cells. The epidermal cells play a critical role for cell replacement and demonstrated translational potential for orthopedic injuries and diseases, peripheral nerve, and spinal cord injuries, wound healing, and muscle, and bone remodeling (Stem Cell Research, p. 806, 2013). Steps in the state and federal policy development process The state and federal bills are introduced differently with the state level the bill is assembled, and the draft is introduced. The federal bill in introduced and assigned a H.R. number and referred to the committee on introduction, and a much faster process and actions of the bill because of not sending the bill back to get an H.R. number before coming to first hearing. The federal bill moves faster in the process because of fewer steps than the bills at state level. Other factors influences the direction of the bill because the federal government has regulations and more organized than state level. The law requires that the rules and regulations be upheld and the political power of the state that the committees have equal democrats and republicans, and those without bias on the committees. The agency must provide written documents on the measures to prevent any bias on the committee (Sullivan (July 2007). A bill originates from an idea or a new concept the first step at the state level the legislative committee accepts the concepts, and drafts...
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...Introduction Political Influences Economic Questions and Considerations Psychological Affects Moral and Ethical Implication Conclusion Works Cited Appendix Abstract Introduction The Hunger Games trilogy dwells upon genetic modification. With genetically engineered animals such as the jabberjay, mockingjay, tracker jacker and wolf mutts, monkey mutts and even genetically engineered roses, the trilogy explores the ethics and consequences of toying with Nature. This paper will discuss the pros and cons of genetically modified organisms. Also the economic, psychological effect on society as well as the moral and ethical implications that this technology can have on today’s society. History Genetically modified organisms have continually been around but have recently evolved and came to light in the past 10 years. Genetically modified organisms are described as “An organism whose genetic characteristics have been altered by the insertion of a modified gene or a gene from another organism using the techniques of genetic engineering (www.medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com, 2013).” genetically modified organism (GMO) is used to refer to any microorganism, plant, or animal in which genetic engineering techniques have been used to introduce, remove, or modify specific parts of its genome(www.medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com, 2013).” There is a genetic material found inside cells in molecules called (DNA), which is the "blueprint" for any living thing, such as plants...
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...Running Head: UNIT THREE WRITTEN ASSIGNMENTS Unit Three Written Assignments Erin Schmidt Professor Vega St. Joseph’s College of Maine Prepared on November 30, 2009 1. Of all the people using the health care system today, how important are social problems on the use of the health care system? Social problems including AIDS, drug abuse, violence, and teen pregnancy are very important when considering the economy of the United States Health Care System. Unprotected sexual contact and sharing dirty needles account for the majority of persons infected with AIDS. HIV and AIDS affect human capitol due to the increased mortality of this group. Bonnel (2000) notes that younger individuals are dying of this disease, which translates to a decreased taxable population and reduction in resources for public expenditures. Medications such as antiretrovirals are very expensive. Henderson (2002) points out that drug therapy costs up to $16,000 dollars per infected individual per year. Additional economic impact can be thought of in terms of lost productivity, and lost days from work, which account for a significant impact on the labor supply. With regard to substance abuse, Henderson (2002) states “substance abuse is the leading health problem in the United States today” (p. 310). Costs associated with substance abuse include increased costs of medical care, lost productivity from...
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...financial objectives are one of the most important considerations. With the recent passage of the Affordable Care Act, an insurer can no longer deny coverage for pre-existing conditions. Additionally all members of the public are required to be insured by 2014 as there are penalties for, not purchasing health insurance. This influx of new additional clients has created a boon for the healthcare industry, (La Monica 2015), insurance companies will face rising costs as more people join plans with pre-existing conditions. To ensure that the risks associated with new and existing members of their plans appropriately match their rewards, Magellan health has partnered with Informed DNA. This partnership will allow Magellan Health to provide genetic screening for susceptibility to disease, providing patient value. However, it will additionally enable Magellan to better manage costs and assess risk factors for certain patients. In order for our...
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...Genetic Engineering Wesley Rupe, Jawad Rana, Layli Stroia, Charles Taiwo, Mariella Velasquez, Mark Young DeVry University Genetic Engineering Table of contents Title page ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1 Table of contents ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2 1. A brief description of the technology and an explanation of the associated science (Mariella Velasquez) ………………………………………………..……………. 3 2. Psychological considerations and sociological effects (Mariella Velasquez) …………. 3 3. The historical development and context of the technology (Wesley Rupe) …………. 13 4. Political and legal influences (Mark Young) (Not Complete) 5. Economic questions and considerations (Jawad Rana)………………………………….…… 21 6. The technology in its cultural context, media influence (Charles Taiwo) (Not Complete) 7. Implications for the environment (Charles Taiwo) (Not Complete) 8. Moral and ethical implications (Layli Stroia) ……………………………………………………..… 30 Outline A brief description of the technology and an explanation of the associated science Definition: What is Genetic Engineering? Genetic engineering (GE) is the process of manipulation of an organism genome to create a new DNA. The new DNA might be implanted in a totally different DNA species. It is widely used to create hybrids (some species are not able to naturally breed), correct genetic flows in any type of being. It is applied in...
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...foods, drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, and other potential hazards. As part of the department of health and human services, the FDA annually regulates over $1 trillion worth of products, which account for one-fourth of all consumer spending in the United States. It also protects the rights and safety of patients in clinical trials of new medical products, monitors the promotional activities of drug and device manufacturers, regulates the labeling of all packaged foods, and monitors the safety of the nation's blood supply. To ensure compliance with its regulations, the FDA employs over 1,000 investigators and inspectors who visit over 15,000 food-processing, drug-manufacturing, and other facilities each year. If it finds violations of law, the FDA first encourages an offending company to voluntarily correct the problem or to recall a faulty product from the market. If the firm does not voluntarily comply with the law, the FDA may take it to court and seek criminal penalties against it. The FDA may also seize faulty products, order product recalls, seek injunctive relief, impose fines, and take other types of enforcement action. Each year, the FDA declares about 3,000 products and 30,000 import shipments to be unacceptable in various ways. The FDA employs over 2,000 scientists—including 900 chemists and 300 microbiologists—who provide the scientific evidence to back up its regulatory and inspection duties. These scientists analyze samples of products for purity and review...
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...on enriching the lives and wellbeing of employees by improving their physical, mental, emotional and occupational health through education and awareness. The design of these incentive-based programs encourage and reward health conscious behavior such as healthy dietary habits, physical activity, stress management and smoking cessation as well as other disease prevention measures by providing financial incentive or other type of rewards for changing health-related behavior or improving measurable outcomes. Providing or endorsing these types of programs and absorbing the costs associated with the products and services, there must be an incentive for the company as well. It has been touted that these programs have long-term, positive implications for companies such as reducing healthcare costs associated with workplace injuries and occupational complications, increasing productivity, reducing absenteeism, improving employee morale and enhancing the general culture and environment within the workplace. The American Heart Association has reported that by 2030, 40% of Americans will have a diagnosed cardiovascular disease and direct medical costs to society will rise from $278 billion to $818 billion with combined indirect and direct costs totaling over $1.3 trillion. For American businesses, this breaks down to costs of $304.6 billion as a result of heart disease and stroke alone and $24 billion in associated loss of productivity and morbidity. In fact, cardiovascular diseases...
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...Block 1 1 Introduction to the Professional Ethics Training Responsible Conduct of Research (PET-RCR) The University of Oklahoma Block 1 2 Professional Ethics Training – Responsible Conduct of Research Thank you for signing up for the Professional Ethics Training – Responsible Conduct of Research (PET-RCR) seminar. Certification: All training participants are expected to attend and actively participate on both days of training. A certificate of completion will be issued to trainees who complete the two-day training. Purpose: Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR) training is part of an effort by the University of Oklahoma to provide graduate students with superior educational opportunities for professional growth. This training has been developed to increase your awareness of ethical issues, to convey common problems in ethical decision-making, and to provide strategies for managing ethical dilemmas that may occur while conducting research. At the end of this training, you will have acquired tools that will help you in conducting research and managing ethical dilemmas. Contents of this Packet: This training packet contains materials that will introduce you to ethical decision-making in research and will be used throughout the training. Please bring your completed packet with all of the enclosed materials to each training session. This packet contains a number of items including: 1) Training Agenda & Packet Instructions 2) Ethical Guidelines for the Conduct of Research...
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...Medical Experimentation on African Americans Katryna A. Lawson Montgomery College Abstract This research paper is going to review some of the horrific ways that African Americans were abused by medical research experiments in the United States. I will also examine how America’s physicians has a disgraceful history of exploitative studies in which African Americans have been used as objects, for new surgical techniques, drug testing, nuclear radiation absorption, biased psychological testing, sterilization, and cadavers all in the name of medical science since the time of slavery. Medical experimentation on African Americans began during the time of slavery. The South was home to 90 percent of American blacks, in some states, the black population was completely comprised of slaves: Alabama, for example, forbade the presence of free blacks. Since there was so many slaves, this also made the south a haven for the lowest of the low, worst kind of medical experiments on African Americans. Harriet A. Washington, author of the book Medical Apartheid: The Dark History of Medical Experimentation on Black American from Colonial time to the Present, cites many of the atrocious acts that the Black Americans experienced through telling personal stories like those of slave women, giving faces to many of the black victims of violent medical experimentation and racially biased investigations, while also revealing the doctors inflicting the abuse. Doctors tortured and abused African American...
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...problem. This model has been described and evaluation strategies analyzed on the basis of which success can be determined. BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION Human health is determined by both natural and artificial factors, amongst which what people consume is a critical variable. The proliferation of genetically modified (GM) food in the marketplace has resulted in heated public debate, scientific discussion and media coverage about their safety. Formerly, the use of selective breeding was commonplace but this was a sluggish and unreliable Public Administration & Management Volume 13, Number 3, 191-217 192 method. Genetic engineering now allows scientists to insert specific genes into a plant or an animal without having to go through the trail and error process of selective breeding (Hoswtuffworks, 2004). Scientist first discovered the technique of genetic modification in the 1970s (Mitchell and Lee, 1998). GMOs were first introduced for commercial production in 1996 and since then their use has increased rapidly and by 2002 GE crops were planted in 145...
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...Berkeley Journal of Gender, Law & Justice Volume 7 | Issue 1 Article 2 September 2013 The Legal Implications of Gender Bias in Standardized Testing Katherine Connor Ellen J. Vargyas Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/bglj Recommended Citation Katherine Connor and Ellen J. Vargyas, The Legal Implications of Gender Bias in Standardized Testing, 7 Berkeley Women's L.J. 13 (1992). Available at: http://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/bglj/vol7/iss1/2 Link to publisher version (DOI) http://dx.doi.org/ This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals and Related Materials at Berkeley Law Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Berkeley Journal of Gender, Law & Justice by an authorized administrator of Berkeley Law Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact jcera@law.berkeley.edu. The Legal Implications of Gender Bias in Standardized Testing Katherine Connort Ellen J. Vargyast TABLE OF CONTENTS I. II. INTRODUCTION ....................................... THE FACTUAL CONTEXT ............................. A. The Scope of the Problem ............................ 1. Post-Secondary Admissions Tests .................. 2. Vocational Aptitude Tests and Interest Inventories. B. Causes of Gender Differences in Test Scores ........... 1. Post-Secondary Admissions Tests .................. 2. Vocational Aptitude Tests and Interest Inventories. C. Validity of the Tests .......................
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...alarmingly, with the number of obese children under five globally standing at over 42 million today. Approximately 35 million of obese children are living in the developing countries. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) children who are obese and overweight are very likely to stay obese into their adulthood; further, they stand a high chance of developing non communicable diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease while they are still young (Cheng, 2013). The purpose of this paper is to highlight the gravity of childhood obesity based on statistics and the health effects that the issue has on the children and impacts in the society. Further, the study will develop a health advocacy plan for the problem. Review laws, regulations, and ethical issues that could impact health advocacy plan in regards to childhood obesity. Population Health Issue and Population Affected Childhood obesity has spread to global dimensions and is progressively affecting many low- and middle-income countries, and particularly those that are domiciled in urban settings. In the US alone, one in every five children is obese or overweight; this number is on the rise. Although weight problems can be traced back to the family genealogy, however, this is not all children who come from families that have a known problem of obesity will become overweight. Children whose parents and siblings are overweight stand a high chance of getting obese themselves, though this...
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